Development of a novel inducible bioluminescent and antibiotic resistance tagging system and its use to investigate the role of antibiotic production by Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum during potato tuber infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Kovács ◽  
Philip J. Hill ◽  
Donald Grierson ◽  
Christine E. R. Dodd ◽  
Doru Pamfil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Tuber Infection ◽  
Tagging System

Preventing the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Jérôme Adda
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Drug Level ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Us States ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Triple Difference

This paper studies the spread of antibiotic resistance and its determinants, relying on unique data at state, year, bacteria, and drug level, covering all US states. I relate antibiotic resistance to the use of antibiotics in human prescription and animal production in a triple difference-indifference design to control for confounders. Despite that animal production absorbs most of the antibiotic production, the results show that the main determinant of resistance is in fact human prescriptions, emphasizing the role of policies targeting hospitals and ambulatory care. Resistance is particularly sensitive to antibiotic use for newer drugs.

scholarly journals Pectobacterium brasiliense 1692 Chemotactic Responses and the Role of Methyl-Accepting Chemotactic Proteins in Ecological Fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins Kipngetich Tanui ◽  
Divine Yutefar Shyntum ◽  
Precious K. Sedibane ◽  
Daniel Bellieny-Rabelo ◽  
Lucy N. Moleleki
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
The Other ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Ecological Fitness ◽  
Swimming Motility ◽  
Tuber Infection ◽  
Mutant Strains

To adapt to changing environmental niches, bacteria require taxis, a movement toward or away from a stimulus (ligand). Chemotaxis has been studied in some members of the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP), particularly members of the genus Dickeya. On the contrary, there are fewer studies on this topic for the other genus in the SRP group, namely Pectobacterium. This study evaluated chemotactic responses in Pectobacterium brasiliense (Pb 1692) to various ligands. A total of 34 methyl-accepting chemotactic proteins (MCPs) were identified in the Pb 1692 genome and the domain architectures of these MCPs were determined. Four Pb 1692 MCPs previously shown to be differentially expressed during potato tuber infection were selected for further functional characterization. Toward this end, Pb 1692 mutant strains each lacking either AED-0001492, AED-0003671, AED-0000304, or AED-0000744 were generated. Two of these mutants (AED-0001492 and AED-0003671), were attenuated in their ability to grow and respond to citrate and are thus referred to as MCPcit2 and MCPcit1, respectively, while the other two, AED-0000304 (MCPxyl) and AED-0000744 (MCPasp), were affected in their ability to respond to xylose and aspartate, respectively. Trans-complementation of the mutant strains restored swimming motility in the presence of respective ligands. The four MCP mutants were not affected in virulence but were significantly attenuated in their ability to attach to potato leaves suggesting that ecological fitness is an important contribution of these MCPs toward Pb 1692 biology.

Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
Ju. N. Kozlova ◽  
N. A. Davidova ◽  
V. Yu. Koptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
O.M. Verner ◽  
L.F. Slepova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Major Clinical Problem

Species of the Acinetobacter represent opportunistic bacteria with a growing clinical significance for Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In this literature review, we focus on the current role of Acinetobacter in infectious pathology and describe taxonomy, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Pathogenesis and regulation of virulence factors in Acinetobacter spp. are described in detail. The majority of acinetobacterial infections are associated with A. baumannii and occur predominantly in an immunocompromised host. Usually, acinetobacterial  infections  are characterized by local purulent inflammation; in severe cases, meningitis and sepsis may develop. Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter is a major clinical problem; therefore we give special attention to laboratory testing of resistance to antibiotics as well as identification of Acinetobacter.

scholarly journals Antimicrobials and Food-Related Stresses as Selective Factors for Antibiotic Resistance along the Farm to Fork Continuum

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Federica Giacometti ◽  
Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski ◽  
Susana Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Cross Adaptation ◽  
Novel Approaches

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem and there has been growing concern associated with its widespread along the animal–human–environment interface. The farm-to-fork continuum was highlighted as a possible reservoir of AMR, and a hotspot for the emergence and spread of AMR. However, the extent of the role of non-antibiotic antimicrobials and other food-related stresses as selective factors is still in need of clarification. This review addresses the use of non-antibiotic stressors, such as antimicrobials, food-processing treatments, or even novel approaches to ensure food safety, as potential drivers for resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics. The co-selection and cross-adaptation events are covered, which may induce a decreased susceptibility of foodborne bacteria to antibiotics. Although the available studies address the complexity involved in these phenomena, further studies are needed to help better understand the real risk of using food-chain-related stressors, and possibly to allow the establishment of early warnings of potential resistance mechanisms.

Molecular typing of Pectobacterium carotovorum isolated from potato tuber soft rot in Morocco

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1411-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriam Terta ◽  
Souad Azelmat ◽  
Rajaa Ait M’hand ◽  
El Hassan Achbani ◽  
Mustapha Barakate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum

scholarly journals Role of porins in intrinsic antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas cepacia.

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
T R Parr ◽  
R A Moore ◽  
L V Moore ◽  
R E Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia

scholarly journals Role of Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase Genes in Antibiotic Production by Streptomyces coelicolor

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (20) ◽  
pp. 6903-6908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Lu ◽  
Adrianna K. San Roman ◽  
Amy M. Gehring
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Actinorhodin Production

ABSTRACT The phosphopantetheinyl transferase genes SCO5883 (redU) and SCO6673 were disrupted in Streptomyces coelicolor. The redU mutants did not synthesize undecylprodigiosin, while SCO6673 mutants failed to produce calcium-dependent antibiotic. Neither gene was essential for actinorhodin production or morphological development in S. coelicolor, although their mutation could influence these processes.

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