The seasonal variation in the chemical composition of the kelp species Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta

The biodiversity and distribution patterns of epiphytic hydroids were studied in kelp forests (composed of Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta) located in an Arctic glaciated fiord (Hornsund, west Spitsbergen). In total, twenty-eight species were found colonizing algae, stones connected to holdfast, and overgrowing the surface of other animals associated with kelps. The characteristics of the algal host (e.g. algae species, age, rhizoid volume or biomass) did not show any effect upon hydroid species richness or species composition. High hydroid biodiversity was strongly dependent on microsubstrate heterogeneity. The highest biodiversity as well as frequency of hydroid occurrence were noted at a site located furthest from the glacier and characterized by the lowest sediment concentration and sedimentation rate. Sexual reproduction also seemed to be inhibited by glacier-derived disturbance. Of ten fertile species found at the ‘clearest’ site only two were fertile at sites under the strong influence of such perturbations. Potential physical drivers of species occurrence were linked to the activity of tidal glaciers, particularly to high loads of mineral sedimentation and iceberg scouring.

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Variability and Potential of Seaweeds as Ingredients of Ruminant Diets: An In Vitro Study

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100851 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 851 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana de la Moneda ◽

Maria Dolores Carro ◽

Martin R. Weisbjerg ◽

Michael Y. Roleda ◽

Vibeke Lind ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Diet ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Saccharina Latissima ◽

Palmaria Palmata ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Laminaria Digitata ◽

Alaria Esculenta ◽

Ruminant Diets ◽

Mastocarpus Stellatus

This study was designed to analyze the chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation of eight seaweed species (Brown: Alaria esculenta, Laminaria digitata, Pelvetia canaliculata, Saccharina latissima; Red: Mastocarpus stellatus, Palmaria palmata and Porphyra sp.; Green: Cladophora rupestris) collected in Norway during spring and autumn. Moreover, the in vitro ruminal fermentation of seventeen diets composed of 1:1 oat hay:concentrate, without (control diet) or including seaweeds was studied. The ash and N contents were greater (p < 0.001) in seaweeds collected during spring than in autumn, but autumn-seaweeds had greater total extractable polyphenols. Nitrogen in red and green seaweeds was greater than 2.20 and in brown seaweeds, it was lower than 1.92 g/kg DM. Degradability after 24 h of fermentation was greater in spring seaweeds than in autumn, with Palmaria palmata showing the greatest value and Pelvetia canaliculata the lowest. Seaweeds differed in their fermentation pattern, and autumn Alaria esculenta, Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima and Palmaria palmata were similar to high-starch feeds. The inclusion of seaweeds in the concentrate of a diet up to 200 g/kg concentrate produced only subtle effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation.

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THE KELP SPECIES OF WESTERN KAMCHATKA

Bulletin оf Kamchatka State Technical University ◽

10.17217/2079-0333-2020-53-37-53 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 37-53

Author(s):

N.G. Klochkova ◽

◽

A.V. Klimova ◽

T.A. Klochkova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coastal Area ◽

Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Point Of View ◽

Saccharina Latissima ◽

Morphometric Characteristics ◽

Western Kamchatka ◽

The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

Kelp Species ◽

Alaria Esculenta

Western Kamchatka is still poorly studied in floristic and fishing aspects and there is no accurate understand-ing on the boundaries of different kelp species distribution in the area. During the 2020 field study in the coastal area located from Cape Ambon to the mouth of Utholok river, including the area proximate to Ptichiy Island, we found 5 kelp species, including Phyllariella ochotensis, Pseudolessonia laminarioides, Laminaria inclinatorhiza, Saccharina latissima, and Alaria esculenta sensu lato. The first 3 species are endemic to the mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. A special search off the coast of southwestern Kamchatka for another Okhotsk endemic species, Laminaria appressirhiza, showed that it was absent. A representative of the Ber-ing Sea kelp flora Hedophyllum bongardianum does not occur on western Kamchatka north of 51°N. The morphometric characteristics of plants belonging to different age groups and morphological features typical for Western Kamchatka’s populations of these species are discussed. Additionally, the molecular phylogeny of L. appressirhiza and H. bongardianum collected from the Sea of Okhotsk are discussed. As shown, the first species belongs to the genus Laminaria. From a commercial point of view, this coastal area was estimated as unpromising for the organization of kelp collection by a traditional manual method.

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Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of the bioenergy feedstock Laminaria digitata for thermochemical conversion

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.152 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 226-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 145

Author(s):

J.M.M. Adams ◽

A.B. Ross ◽

K. Anastasakis ◽

E.M. Hodgson ◽

J.A. Gallagher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Thermochemical Conversion ◽

Laminaria Digitata ◽

Bioenergy Feedstock

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Seasonal Variation of the Proximate Composition, Mineral Content, Fatty Acid Profiles and Other Phytochemical Constituents of Selected Brown Macroalgae

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19040204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Marco Garcia-Vaquero ◽

Gaurav Rajauria ◽

Marta Miranda ◽

Torres Sweeney ◽

Marta Lopez-Alonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Fatty Acid Profiles ◽

Laminaria Digitata ◽

Laminaria Hyperborea ◽

Brown Macroalgae ◽

The West ◽

Macroalgal Species ◽

Mineral Profile ◽

Phytochemical Constituents

The main objective was to determine the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and mineral profiles of three commercially relevant brown macroalgae (Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea and Ascophyllum nodosum) collected each season for two years off the west coast of Ireland. All the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and minerals analysed varied significantly depending on the macroalgal species, season and year of collection. Overall, the protein contents of macroalgae were negatively correlated with carbohydrate content. Protein (2–11%) was at its highest during winter and/or spring, decreasing to a minimum during summer and/or autumn. The three macroalgal species analysed in this study had clearly differentiated fatty acid profiles. The concentration of fatty acids was higher in A. nodosum compared with both Laminaria species. The mineral profile of the three macroalgal species was rich in essential metals, particularly Ca, Mg and P, while the levels of I were approximately 9- to 10-fold higher in both Laminaria spp. compared with A. nodosum. The levels of toxic metals (Cd, Hg and Pb) in all the macroalgal species studied were low in the current study; while the levels of total As were high (49–64 mg/kg DW macroalgae) compared with previous reports.

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Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of horse-mackerel ( Trachurus trachurus )

European Food Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s002170100299 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 212 (5) ◽

pp. 535-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Narcisa Bandarra ◽

Irineu Batista ◽

Maria Nunes ◽

José Empis

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Horse Mackerel ◽

Trachurus Trachurus

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Seasonal variation in elemental composition of Stoechospermum marginatum (Ag.) Kutz and Sargassum wightii (Greville Mscr.) J.G. Agardh in relation to chemical composition of seawater

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces ◽

10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.12.019 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 140-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Murugaiyan ◽

K. Sivakumar

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Elemental Composition ◽

Sargassum Wightii

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A general method for determining translocation velocity in Laminariales

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b81-022 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 132-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Richard G. Buggeln

Keyword(s):

Pulse Method ◽

Blade Surface ◽

Laminaria Digitata ◽

Incubation Chamber ◽

Photoassimilate Translocation ◽

Alaria Esculenta ◽

Meristematic Region ◽

Translocation Velocity ◽

Distance Transport ◽

General Method

The nondestructive pulse method for studying 14C-labelled photoassimilate translocation in Alaria esculenta has been adapted for species of Laminariales with flat, thick blades, in this case, Laminaria digitata. A 1-h pulse of [14C]bicarbonate(25 μCi) was applied to one side of the blade surface via a 12 mm diameter by 22 mm high, closed cylindrical incubation chamber. The upper 20-mm closed portion of the chamber was removed after the incubation period, the lower 2-mm open portion remained glued to the blade surface during the subsequent translocation period. A Geiger-Müller (G-M) detector probe with a 50 mm diameter end-window was used to measure the disappearance of radioactive organic matter from the pulsed region over the next 11–12 days. Accurate monitoring of the movement of 14C-labelled solutes through the cortex and into the medulla was confounded by changing absorption of radioactivity by the cortex. Uniform absorption was achieved once the translocatable radioactivity reached the medullary conducting cells (sieve filaments). Thus arrival and accumulation of 14C-labelled assimilate in the blade sink (meristem) was reliably measured with the G-M probe. For Laminaria digitata, the translocation velocity of the moving solute front was 1.7 cm∙h−1. The specific mass transfer of carbon was estimated at 0.4 mg C∙week−1∙mm−2 cross-sectioned medulla. Fifty-seven percent of assimilated carbon was exported in 10 days; 97% of the 14C remaining in the source was in insoluble matter and 3% was in soluble matter. Cutting sieve filaments on the sink side of the incubation chamber did not stop short distance transport through the cortex, but significant 14C-labelled photoassimilate was apparently unable to be re-routed around the cut as no radioactivity was detected in the sink area, the meristematic region at the base of the blade.

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