YIELD, ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE INDICATORS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLUE HONEYSUCKLE UNDER CONDITIONS OF SAKHALIN TRADE-WIND LITTORAL CLIMATE

The blue honeysuckle is the earliest ripening berry, which ripens 7–10 days earlier than the garden strawber-ries under the conditions of Sakhalin's climate. It is resistant to lower fungi and parasites and can be cultivat-ed without pesticides. Currently, many honeysuckle varieties with fruits of different morphologies and chemical composition have been bred. We analyzed values of economically valuable indicators and chemical composition in 14 varieties of honeysuckle, which grow in the monsoon climate of Sakhalin. To assess the most productive variety, the values of each character were presented as percentage of the maximum for each indicator. Knowing the total values of characters under investigation made it possible to choose the best va-rieties, from authors` point of view, to grow in the household gardens in the monsoon climate of Sakhalin: from the Pavlovsk Experimental Station of Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry – Leningradsky giant (506.4%), Berel (432.9%) and Viola (423.4%).

ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS OF LAND USE STRUCTURE AND SOIL FERTILITY INDICATORS OVER THE KLYAZMA RIVER BASIN

The main trends in changing the land use structure in the territory of the Klyazma River basin were de-scribed in the article. Using GIS technologies and remote sensing data the areas of land with different land use regimes in the studied territory were determined in the period from 2001 to 2019. The indices of LAI and FPAR phytoproductivity for the territory of the Klyazma basin as a whole, and for each basin included in it were determined. The analysis of the dynamics of changes occurring in the structure of land use is carried out. For the territory of Vladimir region, which is a part of the Klyazma River basin, an assessment of soil types distribution over occupied area was carried out. An integral indicator of soil fertility was calcu-lated on the basis of statistical data of agrochemical indicators. The fraction of fallow lands decreased by 2019 and it amounts 33.76% of the total area of the studied territory. The fraction of mixed forests increased from 38.48% in 2001 to 44.50% in 2019 due to the formation of fast-growing tree species shoots on fallow lands. The area of meadow vegetation for the period from 2015 to 2019 decreased by 3.5%, from 4 276 to 3 121 km2, due to agriculture degradation and a significant decrease in livestock grazing. The indicator of soil fertility for the Klyazma basin was 0.74, which is a high indicator. It is established that the most active decrease in the agricultural land area occurs in the central, north-western and western parts of the river basin.

STUDY OF FERMENTATION PROCESS OF BAIKAL OMUL WITH THE USE OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

The article describes fermentation process of the Baikal omul with the bacterial concentrate containing Lactobacillus sakei LSK-104. pH and microbiological analyses were used as indicators of biochemical activity of lactic acid bacteria. As found, during fermentation of omul, pH of the muscle tissue in the experimental sample decreased faster and reached 5.05 at 14 days of fermentation, while in the control sample the pH value was 6.28. It can be explained by the formation of organic acids during the fermentation with lactic acid bacteria L. sakei LSK-104. In this case, the number of viable cells reacheed a maximum value of 1011 CFU/g. The lactic acid fermentation process in brine proceeded more intensively than in the muscle tissue. The data obtained in this study expand our understanding of the adaptive mechanisms that ensure survival of L. sakei LSK-104 under unfavorable cultivation conditions

MARINE BENTHIC ALGAE FROM COMMANDER ISLANDS (REVISION 2021). II. RHODOPHYTA

We present results of revision based on our personal data and reports published from 1889 to 2020 on the red algal species composition from the Commander Islands. The general list includes 150 species. Six species are reported for the first time, including Phymatolithon lamii, Neoabbottiella valentinae, Callophyllis beringensis, Kallymeniopsis verrucosa, Velatocarpus kurilensis, and Mazzaella hemisphaerica. These species are illustrated by photographs of samples collected by us from Bering Island in September 2020. Another 15 red algal species reported from this area by different authors we attributed by us to doubtful and incorrectly identified taxa. The list of valid species is organized similarly to that in our recent paper on flora of the green and brown algae from the Commander Islands [Klochkova et al., 2020]. In the list, we cite papers containing information on species records from this area. For all species, information on their distribution frequency, depth, and some ecological and biological features are provided. It is shown that in contrast to many other regions of the Russian Far East, the Commander Islands are well studied from phycological and floristic aspects. This is due to seasonal and year-round investigations carried out in this region in different time periods, a thorough diving survey on the coastal area and more complete study on microepiphyte species composition, including microscopic red algae.

USE OF BRAZIL NUT KERNELS IN THE STUFFED MEAT PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY

The results of Brazil nut kernels use in the technology of stuffed meat products are presented. The composi-tion and physical and chemical parameters of plant and meat raw materials have been studied. It has been determined that the content of lipids and mineral elements in the nut kernels exceeds their amounts established in chilled broiler chicken shins. The addition of plant material at a dosage of 10% improves the taste and aroma properties and increases the content of Ca2+ (2.2 times), Se2+ (2 times), Fe2+ (1.7 times), Mg2+ (1.6 times), P5+ and Zn2+ (by 26%) in the finished product and at the same time it decreases the amount of butter by 8% in the recipe. The Brazil nuts use also adds microelements (Cu2+, Mn2+, Mо4+, Ag+, Au3+, Co3+) and dietary fiber to the composition of meat product.

LENGTH-WEIGHT STRUCTURES AND FECUNDITY OF ANADROMOUS MASU SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS MASOU) FROM WESTERN KAMCHATKA

Masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou is the most thermophilic species among the Pacific salmon, and Kamchat-ka peninsula is the northern border of its distribution. Due to small abundance, the biology of this species on the peninsula is poorly studied. Regular scientific researches of Masu salmon in Kamchatka have been con-ducted since 2009. The length-weight structures and fecundity of mature Masu salmon have been analyzed in several streams on western Kamchatka over a 10-year period (from 2009 to 2018) and present time. It has been established that the length, weight and fecundity of mature fish are different in the rivers of the peninsula. A tendency of increasing the biological characteristic of the species in recent years has been noted.