Dietary fatty acids modulate liver mitochondrial cardiolipin content and its fatty acid composition in rats with non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Background/Aims: The relationship between diet and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with gallstone disease and in those who have a high risk for NAFLD has not been investigated. This study was conducted to investigate the association between the risk of NAFLD and dietary pattern in patients who underwent cholecystectomy. Additionally, we assessed the association between erythrocyte fatty acid composition, a marker for diet, and the risk of NAFLD. Methods: Patients (n = 139) underwent liver ultrasonography to determine the presence of NAFLD before laparoscopic cholecystectomy, reported dietary intake using food frequency questionnaire, and were assessed for blood fatty acid composition. Results: Fifty-eight patients were diagnosed with NAFLD. The risk of NAFLD was negatively associated with 2 dietary patterns: consuming whole grain and legumes and consuming fish, vegetables, and fruit. NAFLD was positively associated with the consumption of refined grain, meat, processed meat, and fried foods. Additionally, the risk of NAFLD was positively associated with erythrocyte levels of 16:0 and 18:2t, while it was negatively associated with 20:5n3, 22:5n3, and Omega-3 Index. Conclusion: The risk of NAFLD was negatively associated with a healthy dietary pattern of consuming whole grains, legumes, vegetables, fish, and fruit and with an erythrocyte level of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids rich in fish.

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Metabolic and Genetic Determinants of Lipid Metabolism Disruption in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology ◽

10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-2-15-25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 15-25

Author(s):

O. Yu. Kytikova ◽

T. P. Novgorodtseva ◽

Yu. K. Denisenko ◽

D. A. Kovalevsky

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Acid Desaturases ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Genetic Mechanisms ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Aim. To present literature data on the metabolic and genetic mechanisms of impaired fatty acid (FA) synthesis in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).General findings. NAFLD is a widespread disease progressing from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), increasing the risk of cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Progression of NAFLD and the development of NASH are closely related to lipid metabolism disorders caused not only by insufficient alimentary intake of fatty acids, but also by a decrease in the efficiency of their endogenous processing. The regulation of fatty acid metabolism involves enzymes desaturase (FADS1, FADS2) and elongase (ELOVL2 and ELOVL5) fatty acids. Desaturases are encoded by the FADS1 and FADS2 genes for fatty acid desaturases. Polymorphisms in the genes of fatty acid desaturases determine the effectiveness of PUFA endogenous processing. Violations in the activity of FADS1 and FADS2 and their genes are accompanied by dysregulation of the metabolic pathway involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids. This leads to the damage of cell membranes, whose main components are represented by phospholipids. The progression of NAFLD is associated with the powerful toxicity of lipids released in the liver parenchyma upon the loss of the cell biomembrane integrity.Conclusions. Further research into the NAFLD genetic mechanisms regulating the metabolism of fatty acids appears to be promising for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease.

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Obesity and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathophysiology and Management Focused

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.1.645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 6-12

Author(s):

. Febyan ◽

Norman Delvano Weky

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

De Novo ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Dietary Fatty Acids ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The continuing rise of obesity epidemic in the global population has been markedly associated with the escalating occurrence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition represents a complex metabolic imbalance, primarily characterized by excessive intrahepatic accumulation of triglycerides, known as hepatic steatosis. This pathophysiological process is initiated by the disproportionation between the uptake of dietary fatty acids in plasma, as well as the increase of de novo fatty acid synthesis, which is not equally accompanied by the exportation and oxidation of fatty acid in the form of triglycerides. As mentioned earlier, the underlying metabolic process becomes a significant risk factor for developing cardiometabolic complications, involving type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. This review presents a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of obesity and NAFLD to determine innovative management approaches for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

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