scholarly journals Predictors of Dropout in Disordered Gamblers in UK Residential Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Roberts ◽  
Raegan Murphy ◽  
John Turner ◽  
Steve Sharman
Keyword(s):  
Residential Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Treatment Dropout ◽  
Duration Of Treatment

AbstractWithin the cohort of individuals who seek treatment for disordered gambling, over half fail to complete treatment. The current study sought to identify predictors of treatment dropout in a sample of gamblers attending a residential treatment facility for disordered gamblers in the UK and to report differences in voluntary and enforced dropout. Data on 658 gamblers seeking residential treatment with the Gordon Moody Association (GMA) was analysed, collected between 2000 and 2015. Measurements included demographic data, self-reported gambling behavior, (including the Problem Gambling Severity Index), mental and physical health status, and a risk assessment. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine predictors of treatment termination. Results confirm a high percentage of treatment dropout among disordered gamblers (51.3%). Significant predictors of treatment dropout included older age of the client, higher levels of education, higher levels of debt, online gambling, gambling on poker, shorter duration of treatment, higher depression, experience of previous treatment programmes and medication, and adverse childhood experiences. Within non-completers, significant predictors of enforced dropout included lifetime homelessness, less debt, sports gambling, depression and lifetime smoking. Those who were on a longer treatment programme and had previously received gambling treatment or support were less likely to be asked to leave. Clinicians working in inpatient support need to be aware of the increased psychopathogical and psychosocial problems in those who are at risk of termination and make attempts to retain them in treatment and increase patient compliance.

scholarly journals Flow diverter stents in the treatment of recanalized intracranial aneurysms

2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992199050
Author(s):  
Erol Akgul ◽  
Hasan Bilen Onan ◽  
Irem Islek ◽  
Mehmet Tonge ◽  
Yavuz Durmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Technical Complication

Background We assessed the safety and efficacy of flow diverter stents (FDSs) in the treatment of recanalized or residual intracranial aneurysms treated endovascularly. Materials & Methods Patients whose recanalized or residual aneurysms were treated with FDSs in five tertiary hospitals were reviewed retrospectively. The patients’ demographic data, aneurysm characteristics, types of previous treatment, and clinical complications, or serious adverse events associated with FDSs, as well as the results of neurological and angiographic follow-up assessments, were recorded. Results Eighty-six patients (37 males) with 87 aneurysms were included in this study. Eighty (91.9%) aneurysms were in the anterior and seven (8.1%) in the posterior circulation. The initial treatment methods were the primary coiling or balloon remodeling technique in 69 (79.3%) and stent-assisted coiling in 18 (20.7%) aneurysms. The endovascular procedure was successful in all patients. Complications occurred in four patients, for a total complication rate of 4.6%. A technical complication developed in one patient (1.2%). An in-stent thrombosis treated with tirofiban was seen in two cases. Late in-stent stenosis exceeding 50% was treated with balloon angioplasty in one patient. The mean length of follow-up was 21.0 months. The first angiographic follow-up (3–6 months) revealed the complete occlusion of 74 aneurysms (85.1%). While 76 aneurysms (87.4%) were occluded at the last angiographic follow-up (mean: 26.0 months), 11 aneurysms (12.6%) were still filling. Morbimortality was zero. Conclusion The drawback of endovascular treatment is aneurysmal remnants or recurrences, which is safely and durably amenable to flow diversion.

scholarly journals Being a Gambler during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study with Italian Patients and the Effects of Reduced Exposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Donati ◽  
Silvia Cabrini ◽  
Daniela Capitanucci ◽  
Caterina Primi ◽  
Roberta Smaniotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gambling Activities

The COVID-19 pandemic, with the consequent lockdown of about 3 months, can be viewed as an experimental model to observe the impact of the depletion of environmental factors that stimulate gambling, particularly electronic gambling machines (EGMs) that were set to zero. The effects of some structural characteristics of gambling activities that increase gambling behavior were studied among disordered gamblers in treatment in this unique scenario. In fact, studies investigating the effects of the lockdown on problem gamblers (PGs) under treatment are missing. The aims of this study were to analyze patients’ gambling behavior and craving during the lockdown and to conduct a comparison between gambling disorder (GD) symptoms at the beginning of the treatment and during lockdown. The study was conducted in Italy, the European country with the largest gambling market and the first to be affected by the virus. Data were collected through a semi-structured telephone interview conducted by healthcare professionals. Participants were 135 PGs under treatment (109 males, mean age = 50.07). Results showed that most PGs achieved a significant improvement in their quality of life, with less gambling behavior, GD symptoms, and lower craving. No shift toward online gambling and very limited shift towards other potential addictive and excessive behaviors occurred. The longer the treatment, the more monitoring is present and the better the results in terms of symptoms reduction. Individual and environmental characteristics during the lockdown favored the reduction in symptoms. Consideration for prevention and treatment are discussed.

Predictive Factors for Patients’ Failure to Show for Initial Outpatient Physical Therapist Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Briggs ◽  
Christine Ulses ◽  
Lucas VanEtten ◽  
Cody Mansfield ◽  
Anthony Ganim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Payer Source

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to xamine primary factors which may predict patients’ failure to show at initial physical therapist evaluation in an orthopedic and sports outpatient setting. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients’ demographic data for physical therapist evaluations between January 2013 and April 2015 was performed. A binary logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds of a no-show at evaluation. Demographic variables of age, employment status, days waited for the appointment, payer source, and distance traveled to clinic were analyzed. Independent variables were considered significant if the 95% Cis of the odds ratios did not include 1.0. Results A total of 6971 patients were included in the final analysis with 10% (n = 698) of the scheduled patients having a no-show event for their initial evaluation. The following factors increased the odds of patients having a no-show event: days to appointment (OR = 1.058; 95% CI = 1.042 to 1.074), unemployment status (OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.41 to 2.73), unknown employment status (OR = 3.22; 95% CI = 1.12 to 8.69), Medicaid insurance (OR = 4.87; 95% CI = 3.43 to 6.93), Medicare insurance (OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.10 to 4.49), unknown payer source (OR = 262.84; 95% CI = 188.72 to 366.08), and distance traveled ≥5 miles (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.70). Female sex [OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.57 to 0.95) and age ≥ 40 years (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.60) decreased the odds of a no-show event. Conclusion Results from this study indicate there may be some demographic factors that are predictive of patients failing to attend their first physical therapist visit. Impact Understanding the predictive factors and identifying potential opportunities for improvements in scheduling processes might help decrease the number of patients failing to show for their initial physical therapy appointment, with the ultimate goal of positively influencing patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Long-COVID Syndrome? A Study on the Persistence of Neurological, Psychological and Physiological Symptoms

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Graziella Orrù ◽  
Davide Bertelloni ◽  
Francesca Diolaiuti ◽  
Federico Mucci ◽  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Euroqol 5D

Background: Emerging aspects of the Covid-19 clinical presentation are its long-term effects, which are characteristic of the so-called “long COVID”. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of physical, psychological, and sleep disturbances and the quality of life in the general population during the ongoing pandemic. Methods: This study, based on an online survey, collected demographic data, information related to COVID-19, sleep disturbances, and quality of life data from 507 individuals. The level of sleep disturbances and quality of life was assessed through the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), respectively. Results: In total, 507 individuals (M = 91 and F = 416 women) completed the online survey. The main symptoms associated with “long COVID” were headache, fatigue, muscle aches/myalgia, articular pains, cognitive impairment, loss of concentration, and loss of smell. Additionally, the subjects showed significant levels of insomnia (p < 0.05) and an overall reduced quality of life (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the study appear in line with recent publications, but uncertainty regarding the definition and specific features of “long COVID” remains. Further studies are needed in order to better define the clinical presentation of the “long COVID” condition and related targeted treatments.

scholarly journals Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Dental Undergraduate Students: Prevalence, Stressors and Relieving Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munirah Yaacob ◽  
Nor Asilah Harun ◽  
Farizah Ramli ◽  
Hannah Abdul Razak ◽  
Noor Aisyah Sajuni
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Dental Student ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stress Relieving

Aim: To investigate the depression, anxiety and stress, stressors and relieving factors among dental students at Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD). Materials and methods:  A cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 dental students. Their socio-demographic data, self-reported depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) scores, causes and relieving factors were collected using validated semi-structured pre-tested questionnaires. The data was analysed using percentages, chi-square test and Binary logistic regression tests with SPSS version 24. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 41%, 68.9% and 34.2% respectively. Cross analysis showed that academic-related and laboratory or clinical related reasons were significantly associated with the depressive symptoms [(X2= 15.86, p<0.0001) and (X2= 10.45, p=0.001) respectively] and stress symptoms [(X2= 19.95, p<0.0001) and (X2= 6.11, p<0.05) respectively] among dental student. Furthermore, the item ‘examination’ being the highest factor chosen in academic-related stressors. The response for stress-relieving factors was high for Islamic ritual prayer/spiritual activities (94.6%), sleeping (86.5%) and doing exercise/playing sports (76.1%), while ‘seeking professional help’ (19.8%) was the least. Conclusion: This study shows that depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms are prevalent among dental students. Islamic ritual prayer and involvement in spiritual related activities was found to be the most preferred way for students to relief stress. Hence, it is vital that the university continually evaluates the psychological health of the students, tailor preventive measures and spiritual related programs to help students to cope with stress.

Abstract TMP31: Hyperacute Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Stenting vs Angioplasty: Which is the Best for Recanalization?

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Rodriguez-Villatoro ◽  
David Rodriguez-Luna ◽  
Marc Ribó ◽  
Marian Muchada ◽  
Jorge Pagola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Severe Stenosis ◽  
Extracranial Ica

Background: Up to 20% of acute intracranial occlusions have an associated extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) severe stenosis or occlusion, and they often need specific treatment. However, it remains unclear which is the best option for extracranial revascularization. We aimed to study differences in restenosis, complications, and stroke recurrences between patients treated with stenting and those who underwent angioplasty without stenting. Methods: Prospective study of consecutive patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke and occlusion or severe stenosis of the extracranial ICA, who underwent hyperacute endovascular procedure from April 2013 to December 2015. We divided patients depending on the extracranial treatment they received. We compared the rate of stenosis >50% or occlusion of the ICA at 24 hours (evaluated by carotid ultrasound or CTA). Besides, we analyzed differences in complications and stroke recurrences within 1 year of follow-up. Results: From 97 patients who underwent hyperacute revascularization of the extracranial ICA, 63 fulfilled the inclusion criteria: mean age 65.6±13.6 years, median time from symptoms onset to treatment 249 [161-330] minutes. Thirty-one (49.2%) were treated with angioplasty and 32 (50.8%) with stent. Both groups were comparable in demographic data, vascular risk factors, previous treatment (including antiplatelets), and ASPECTS score. Thirty-seven (58.7%) received intravenous rtPA and 58 (92.1%) intracranial thrombectomy. Patients who underwent angioplasty presented stenosis >50% or occlusion at 24h more frequently than those who underwent stenting (67.7% vs 21.9% , p =0.002), regardless the degree of residual stenosis after the angioplasty. Thirteen (38.1%) of the angioplasties were permeable at 24 hours, nevertheless 39.1% needed a deferred stenting. There were no differences in complications, including intracranial hemorrhage, despite intravenous rtPA or early double antiplatelet therapy, as well as in stroke recurrences within 1 year ( p >0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions: Hyperacute extracranial ICA stenting seems to have a lower risk of restenosis compared to angioplasty, without a significant increase of complications and stroke recurrences

Examining millennials’ online gambling behavior: a comparison of generational differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunju Suh ◽  
Matt Alhaery ◽  
Brett Abarbanel ◽  
Andrew McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Individual Player ◽  
Generational Groups ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gambling Market

Purpose This study aims to examine Millennials and generational differences in online gambling activity by comparing online gambling behavior across four different generations: Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Gen Xers and Millennials. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprised tracked gambling data at the individual player level provided by an online casino accepting real money wagers in a major US gambling market. Attributes of gambling behavior were examined and compared across different generations using Kruskal–Wallis test and pairwise comparisons. Findings Generational differences were observed in 13 of the 16 behavioral variables. Millennials spent the least amount of time on gambling and exhibited the lowest scores on the number of days for slot gambling, trip length and trip frequency among all generations. However, their average table gaming volume per play day was greater than those of other generations. Practical implications The results of this study provide a better understanding of the generational differences in online gambling behavior. They also help casino operators and gaming machine manufacturers develop casino games and products that can appeal to different generational groups in the online gambling market. Originality/value Despite the on-going industry discussion about Millennials and their potential influence on the online gambling market, there appears to be a paucity of empirical research on the online gambling behavior of the Millennial generation. This study fills that gap in empirical evidence, addressing generational differences in online gambling.

Prevalence of Smoking and Associated Factors: Evidence From the CHILILAB Demographic Surveillance System in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 53S-61S ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thi Thanh Huong ◽  
Tran Khanh Long ◽  
Phung Xuan Son ◽  
Tran Thi Tuyet-Hanh
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

This study analyzed secondary data from Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB) database to identify smoking prevalence and associated demographic factors. Data were extracted from the database of the CHILILAB 2016, which included information on individual smoking behaviors, as well as individual and household demographic data. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were performed with significance level of 0.05. The smoking prevalences were 34.7%, 0.9%, and 16.1% for men, women, and both genders, respectively. A total of 78.2% of current smokers smoked daily inside their houses. Lower smoking status was associated with younger age, being student, rich, and/or single. Future efforts should not only spend on further reduction of smoking rate in Chi Linh Town but should also pay special attention on reducing the prevalence of in-home smoking. This will help to decrease the risk of nonsmokers being exposed to secondhand smoke in their home environment.

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