scholarly journals Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Micozzi ◽  
Donato Iacobucci ◽  
Irene Martelli ◽  
Andrea Piccaluga
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOver the last 20 years, universities and Public Research Organizations have increased their efforts to transfer their research results towards industrial applications in order to generate economic and social impact. Among many different actions, new technology transfer offices (TTOs) have been set up and existing ones strengthened. The present paper intends to evaluate the effects of a specific policy action launched by the Italian Patent and Trademark Office (UIBM) within the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE), aimed at increasing the number of employees in TTOs to foster technology transfer in general and the valorization of intellectual property rights more specifically. Our results suggest that the impact of the UIBM policy action has been positive and that in some specific situations the impact was stronger. Our results therefore contribute to the technology transfer literature and can have implications for both academic research and decisions regarding investments in human resources in university TTOs.

Information-based imitation of university commercialization strategies: The role of technology transfer office autonomy, age, and membership into an association

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Pitsakis ◽  
Claudio Giachetti
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
University Technology Transfer ◽  
Internal Source ◽  
Technology Transfer Office ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
University Technology ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Successful Technology

We investigate whether university technology transfer offices, that is, divisions responsible for the commercialization of academic research, imitate their industry peers when designing their commercialization strategy. We borrow from information-based theories of imitation and the literature on academic entrepreneurship to argue that given a technology transfer office’s autonomy to strategize independently from its parent university, information from within and outside the technology transfer office affects its propensity to imitate the commercialization strategy of the “most successful peers,” that is, those with the largest live spinoff portfolio and greatest revenues from spinoffs in the industry. We contend that a technology transfer office’s experience, that is, a function of its age, represents a key internal source of information for the technology transfer office when deciding whether to imitate or not; we also consider the technology transfer office’s embeddedness in a network where the most successful peer is also a member as a key external source of information. From data on 86 British university technology transfer offices and their commercialization strategies between 1993 and 2007 that were drawn from both secondary sources and in-depth interviews with technology transfer office managers, we find that there is a negative relationship between technology transfer offices’ autonomy and their level of imitation of the most successful technology transfer office’s strategy, and that this relationship is moderated by the technology transfer offices’ age and by their membership into an association where the most successful technology transfer office is also a member.

MACHINE VISION 1992–1996, TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM IN FINLAND

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTTI J. SOINI
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Robot Vision ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
New Business

Machine vision technology has attracted a strong interest among Finnish research organizations, which has resulted in many innovative products for industry. Despite this goal users were very skeptical towards machine vision and its robustness in harsh industrial environments. Therefore the Technology Development Centre, TEKES, which funds technology related research and development projects in universities and individual companies in Finland, decided to start a national technology program, "Machine Vision 1992–1996". Led by industry, the program boosts research in machine vision technology and seeks to put the research results to work in practical industrial applications. The emphasis is on nationally important, demanding applications. The program will create new business for machine vision producers and encourage the process and manufacturing industry to take advantage of this new technology. So far 60 companies and all major universities and research centers in Finland are working on our forty different projects. The key themes are Process Control, Robot Vision and Quality Control.

scholarly journals Identifying NIST Impacts on Patenting: A Novel Data Set and Potential Uses

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Anderson ◽  
Anthony Breitzman
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Patent Citations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Outputs ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Impact

The National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST’s) mission is to “promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness.” To meet this mission, NIST scientists produce a great variety of scientific and technical outputs. This paper presents results from a novel effort to measure usage and impact of a more complete set of outputs, including patents, publications, research data, software, reference materials, and a variety of additional formal and informal scientific outputs. This effort captures a significantly broader set of scientific outputs than traditional citation analysis which typically examines patent-to-patent citations or more recently patent-to-(peer-reviewed) paper citations. This may be of significant importance to NIST as NIST scientists produce a wide variety of scientific and technical outputs beyond patents and papers. Our results indicate that metrics that solely rely on patents issued to NIST inventors understate NIST’s true impact on invention and do not capture usage of much of NIST’s scientific output by other inventors. Thus, identifying the magnitude and varied usage of different types of NIST outputs represents a significant improvement in NIST impact metrics. The results clearly indicate that different companies, industries and technologies rely on different types of NIST outputs. Therefore, reliance on a limited set of technology transfer tools by either researchers or policy makers creates a risk that NIST knowledge and capabilities will not be transferred to and adopted by businesses and other organizations. Finally, the data developed here suggest a number of new technology transfer metrics that promote shared technology transfer responsibilities and may focus attention on activities that increase the impact of current research without fundamentally altering the infrastructural character of this research.

scholarly journals GESTÃO DA PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL NA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA: DIRETRIZES PARA LICENCIAMENTO E COMERCIALIZAÇÃO

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa Fujino ◽  
Eva Stal
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Public University ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Foreign Universities

This article discusses the management of intellectual property in Brazilian public universities, mainly in relation to strategies for commercialization or licensing the results of academic research. It identifies, in the international literature, the main strategies adopted and recommended by technology transfer offices in foreign universities, and compares them to the practices adopted in different Brazilian universities. Finally, it makes recommendations to enhance the procedures adopted by Brazilian institutions. Key words: Patent. Technology transfer offices. Commercialization. Licensing. Public university. Results of academic research.

scholarly journals Commercialization Of Academic Research In Canadian Universities: Optimizing Technology Transfer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Golberg
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Technology Managers ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
University Industry

In recent years, in addition to the basic tenets of teaching and research, commercialization and innovation have become core priorities in higher education (Friedman & Silberman, 2003; Etzkowitz, 2003; Rasmussen et al., 2006). Universities have the right ingredients to be natural technology transfer incubators with a high influx of innovators and the capability to create new ventures and have high potential to generate a high level of economic development. Commercialization allows the results of innovative research to be utilized through transformation into marketable products or ‘technology transfer’. Since the 1980s, Canadian universities have begun dedicating resources and effort to discover how to best harness the innovation arising out of university-based research for knowledge transfer and revenue generation through commercialization. This thesis focuses on specific university inputs that influence the volume of technology transferred to industry through various commercialization channels and the impact each factor may have considering the institution size. Through data verified primarily from the Association of University Technology Managers’ (AUTM) annual surveys of Canadian and American universities from 2011 to 2015, this study analyzes the effect of administrative characteristics on technology transfer at a university. While the results of the study do not provide much conclusive guidance on the reasons behind growth in university-industry technology transfer, they do suggest that there is some greater effect in large universities that leads to more technology transfer activity than in smaller universities.

scholarly journals Efficiency in Social Enterprises

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
José Carlos Ballester-Miquel ◽  
Pilar Perez-Ruiz ◽  
Javier Hernandez-Gadea ◽  
Hugo De juan Jordán ◽  
Maria Guijarro García
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Aid ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

<p class="Textoindependiente21"><span lang="EN-US">The aim of this article is to offer a review of the impact the different methodologies of analysis have on social enterprises, focusing the study on processes that establish a greater universality based on the degree of success achieved in their social objectives, the social reinvestment of their benefits and their democratic organisation, parameters that should favour the creation of a clear and simple method, as well as adaptable to change. The systematics will allow to establish systems for the measurement of the efficiency of social enterprises, in order to both organise objective procedures of comparison and offer support when applying for public aid derived from European and national funds set up for this purpose. The quantification of the social impact of the companies that constitute the social economy is vital to assess and follow up on their social mission.</span></p>

Between relevance and excellence? Research impact agenda and the production of policy knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Bandola-Gill
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Academic Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The recent moves towards incentivising ‘impact’ within the research funding system pose a growing challenge to academic research practices, charged with producing both scientific, and social impact. This article explores this tension by drawing on interviews with sixty-one UK academics and policymakers involved in publicly-funded knowledge exchange initiatives. The experiences of the interviewed academics point to a functional separation of academic practices into three distinct types: producing traditional research, translating research, and producing policy-oriented research. These three types of practices differ in terms of both the epistemic qualities of the produced knowledge and its legitimacy as valid academic work. Overall, the article argues that the relationship between relevance and excellence of research within the impact agenda is characterised by simultaneous contradiction and co-dependence, leading to hybridisation of academic knowledge production and expansion of the boundaries of policy expertise into the traditionally-academic spaces.

Evaluating the impact of research using the altmetrics approach (case study: the field of scientometrics)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehri Sedighi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to assess the impact of research in the field of scientometrics by using the altmetrics (social media metrics) approach. Design/methodology/approach This is an applied study which uses scientometric and altmetrics methods. The research population consists of the studies and their citations published in the two core journals (Scientometrics and Journal of Informetrics) in a period of five years (included 1,738 papers and 11,504 citations). Collecting and extracting the studies directly was carried from Springer and ScienceDirect databases. The Altmetric Explorer, a service provided by Altmetric.com, was used to collect data on studies from various sources (www.altmetric.com/). The research studies with the altmetric scores were identified (included 830 papers). The altmetric scores represent the quantity and quality of attention that the study has received on social media. The association between altmetric scores and citation indicators was investigated by using correlation tests. Findings The findings indicated a significant, positive and weak statistical relationship between the number of citations of the studies published in the field of scientometrics and the altmetric scores of these studies, as well as the number of readers of these studies in the two social networks (Mendeley and Citeulike) with the number of their citations. In this study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the number of citations of the studies and the number of readers on Twitter. In sum, the above findings suggest that some social networks and their indices can be representations of the impact of scientific papers, similar citations. However, owing to the weakness of the correlation coefficients, the replacement of these two categories of indicators is not recommended, but it is possible to use the altmetrics indicators as complementary scientometrics indicators in evaluating the impact of research. Originality/value Investigating the impact of research on social media can reflect the social impact of research and can also be useful for libraries, universities, and research organizations in planning, budgeting, and resource allocation processes.

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