Epigenetic regulation by DNA methyltransferases during torpor in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon N. Tessier ◽  
W. Aline Ingelson-Filpula ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Induced Promoter Hypomethylation as an Epigenetic Modulator of Heat Shock Protein A1L (HSPA1L) Gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibran Sualeh Muhammad ◽  
Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari ◽  
Zheng-Guo Cui ◽  
Mawieh Hamad ◽  
Rabih Halwani
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lung Epithelial

Numerous researches have focused on the genetic variations affecting SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas the epigenetic effects are inadequately described. In this report, for the first time, we have identified potential candidate genes that might be regulated via SARS-CoV-2 induced DNA methylation changes in COVID-19 infection. At first, in silico transcriptomic data of COVID-19 lung autopsies were used to identify the top differentially expressed genes containing CpG Islands in their promoter region. Similar gene regulations were also observed in an in vitro model of SARS-CoV-2 infected lung epithelial cells (NHBE and A549). SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly decreased the levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) in lung epithelial cells. Out of 14 candidate genes identified, the expression of 12 genes was upregulated suggesting promoter hypomethylation, while only two genes were downregulated suggesting promoter hypermethylation in COVID-19. Among those 12 upregulated genes, only HSPA1L and ULBP2 were found to be upregulated in AZA-treated lung epithelial cells and immune cells, suggesting their epigenetic regulation. To confirm the hypomethylation of these two genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection, their promoter methylation and mRNA expression levels were determined in the genomic DNA/RNA obtained from whole blood samples of asymptomatic, severe COVID-19 patients and equally matched healthy controls. The methylation level of HSPA1L was significantly decreased and the mRNA expression was increased in both asymptomatic and severe COVID-19 blood samples suggesting its epigenetic regulation by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Functionally, HSPA1L is known to facilitate host viral replication and has been proposed as a potential target for antiviral prophylaxis and treatment.

Characterisation of a novel UV filter in the lens of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lyons ◽  
Peter Karuso ◽  
Joanne F. Jamie ◽  
Mukoma F. Simpanya ◽  
Frank Giblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Uv Filter ◽  
Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus

scholarly journals Phasevarions Mediate Epigenetic Regulation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Neisseria meningitidis

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 4219-4221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda E.-C. Jen ◽  
Kate L. Seib ◽  
Michael P. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Genes

ABSTRACTPhase variation is a common feature of host-adapted bacterial pathogens such asNeisseria meningitidis. Recently, we reported that this rapid on/off switching of gene expression occurs in DNA methyltransferases, altering expression in multiple genes via changes in global methylation. In the current study, we compared MIC values of strains with ModA11, ModA12, and ModD1 phasevarions, revealing MIC differences due to ModA11 and ModA12 switching, with a ModA11_OFF strain showing 4-fold reduced susceptibilities to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin.

Prostacyclin synthase (PTGIS) expression and epigenetic regulation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22160-e22160
Author(s):  
S. G. Gray ◽  
M. C. Cathcart ◽  
N. Al-Sarraf ◽  
G. P. Pidgeon ◽  
K. J. O'Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
Prostacyclin Synthase

e22160 Background: Prostacyclin synthase (PTGIS) inhibits platelet aggregation and promotes vasodilation. Overexpression of this gene has been shown to inhibit lung cancer growth in a mouse model. Hypermethylation of the PTGIS promoter resulting in downregulation of PTGIS expression has been implicated in colorectal cancer. In this study we have examined both the expression patterns and epigenetic regulation of PTGIS in NSCLC. Methods: DNA/RNA and protein was extracted from matched tumour/normal samples (Thoracic Oncology Research Group BioBank, St James Hospital). PTGIS in these samples and a panel of retrospective resected lung samples was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. A panel of NSCLC cell lines were treated with inhibitors to histone deacetylases (HDi) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTi) and PTGIS expression examined by RT-PCR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to examine changes to the PTGIS promoter in response to HDi. Results: PTGIS was found to have variable expression in both tumour samples and a panel of lung cancer cell lines. PTGIS expression was demonstrated in the vascular endothelial and bronchial epithelial cells of normal and cancerous sections. A striking variation in intratumoural PTGIS expression was observed. Methylation analysis of cell lines demonstrated hypermethylation of the PTGIS promoter. Treating cells with epigenetic inhibitors resulted in significant upregulation of PTGIS expression. Direct chromatin remodelling of the PTGIS promoter was confirmed. Conclusions: PTGIS is epigenetically regulated. The discrepancy between PTGIS mRNA and protein levels in tumor samples indicates that post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of PTGIS is central to expression and requires further elucidation. Increased PTGIS expression is a potential therapeutic strategy for tumour prevention. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Social conditioned place preference in the captive ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus): Social reward as a natural phenotype.

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garet P. Lahvis ◽  
Jules B. Panksepp ◽  
Bruce C. Kennedy ◽  
Clarinda R. Wilson ◽  
Dana K. Merriman
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Social Reward ◽  
Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus

scholarly journals Differential responses of prairie rodents to edge effects from recreational trails

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 113-140
Author(s):  
Cameron M. Shorb ◽  
Laur A. Freymiller ◽  
Daniel L. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effects ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus ◽  
Habitat Edge ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Recreational Trails ◽  
Ecological Variable

Edge effects are a common phenomenon in which an ecological variable changes with respect to distance from a habitat edge. Recreational trails may constitute a habitat edge for prairie rodents because of high human presence, high predator presence, or limited shelter compared to the prairie core. Despite the prevalence of trails in conservation parcels, their effect on wildlife distribution remains largely unstudied. We examined the impacts of recreational trails on small mammal activity in the restored prairies of the Cowling Arboretum at Carleton College. The prairies were restored from 1995 to 2008 and now comprise a contiguous prairie block of approximately 155 ha. Over 2 consecutive summers, we used infrared motion-sensing cameras to record the relative amount of time rodents spend at baited stations placed at different distances from the trail. The results varied between taxa: voles (Microtus spp.) avoided trail edges whereas mouse (Cricetidae and Dipodidae) and thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) activity was unaffected by trail proximity. Trails may therefore have species-specific effects on small mammals, with potential consequences for the connectivity and distribution of populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document