Molecular–genetic and clinicopathological prognostic factors in patients with gliomas showing total 1p19q loss: gain of chromosome 19p and histological grade III negatively correlate with patient’s prognosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeko Hayashi ◽  
Yohei Kitamura ◽  
Yuichi Hirose ◽  
Kazunari Yoshida ◽  
Hikaru Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Chromosome 19P ◽  
Grade Iii

scholarly journals Prognostic Factors in Canine Mammary Carcinomas and HER2 Expression Relationship

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolle Pereira Soares ◽  
Alessandra Aparecida Medeiros ◽  
Igor De Paula Castro ◽  
Taís Meziara Wilson ◽  
Taís De Almeida Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Her2 Expression ◽  
Mammary Carcinomas ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
In Situ Carcinoma ◽  
Grade Iii

Background: The human epidermal growth factor type 2 (HER2) receptor is a membrane glycoprotein tyrosine kinase. In woman, HER2 expression is diagnosed in 30% of breast carcinomas and it is associated with a worse prognosis, higher rate of recurrence and mortality. In the bitch, the HER2 overexpression in canine mammary tumors is still controversial and the prognostic value remains uncertain. Thus, we aimed to verify the HER2 expression in canine mammary carcinomas and relate it to the type and histological grade, lymph node metastasis and clinical staging.Materials, Methods & Results: Ninety bitches diagnosed with mammary carcinoma were included in this study. The inclusion criteria were bitches with complete clinical examination, thoracic radiographic examination and submitted unilateral or bilateral mastectomy. Ninety-nine samples of mammary carcinoma were used and the fragments of tumor and regional lymph nodes were fixed in 10% neutral formalin for histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. The lesions were evaluated by two pathologists and classified according to the type and histological grade. HER2 expression was performed by semi-quantitative analysis of the slides according to the HerceptTestTM (Dako) recommended score. Simple carcinomas were the most frequent (51.51%) followed by complex carcinomas (46.47%) and in situ carcinoma (2.02%). The histological grade of 97 carcinoma samples was attributed, except in situ carcinoma, 37 (38.14%) of the neoplasms were grade I, 50 (51.55%) grade II and only 10 (10.31%) tumors were classified as grade III. Forty bitches were submitted to clinical staging (TNM) and 42.50% of the bitches received staging in grade I and, 25% of the bitches staged in grade IV and V, with metastases. The HER2 expression, 13/99 samples (13.13%) received score +2, 19/99 (19.19%) score +1 and absence of marking (score 0) was identified in 67 samples (67.80 %). Immunostaining in hyperplastic or normal epithelial cells was evidenced, often in association with weak or moderate cytoplasmic labeling. Of the samples expressing +2 score for HER2 (n = 13), eight samples (17.39%) were complex carcinoma and five (9.80%) simple carcinomas. There was no relationship between HER2 immunostaining with age, tumor size, TNM, histological type, histological gradation, lymph node metastasis and distance. Animals with lymph node metastasis, as well as those diagnosed with distant metastasis, did not present HER2 expression in the tumors.Discussion: The simple carcinoma seems to be the most frequent type histological diagnosed in canine mammary carcinomas, followed by carcinoma in mixed tumor and complex carcinoma. Tubulopapillary carcinomas are more invasive in the female dogs as well as in the woman. Carcinomas grade I and II are more frequent and present a better prognosis for the dog. However, bitches with grade III carcinoma survived for a shorter time when compared to dogs with grade I or II tumors. A factor that may have contributed to the lower number of bitches at worst prognostic stage (EC IV and V) is the current owners’ awareness that they have sought veterinary help earlier, as soon as they detect small nodules in mammary gland. Overexpression of HER2 in women breast cancer is diagnosed in 20-30% of cases, whereas in bitches, this expression is variable. Also the different percentages of canine HER2 immunostaining are due to the lack of standardization for the analysis of the immunostaining, the immunohistochemical techniques employed and the non-specificity of the HER2 antibody. In canine mammary carcinomas the HER2 expression in low and this immunostaining is not related to other established prognostic factors. This study reinforces the hypothesis put forward by other authors that in the bitch the expression of HER2 may not be related to malignancy and tumor progression.

scholarly journals Astrocytic Tumors in Mexico: An Overview of Characteristics and Prognosis in an Open Reference Center for Low-Income Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Jesús Quetzalcoatl Beltrán ◽  
Julian Eduardo Soto-Abraham ◽  
Jorge Vidaurreta-Serrano ◽  
Laura Graciela Chavez Macias ◽  
Erick Gómez Apo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Glasgow Outcome Scale ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Grade Iii

ABSTRACT Objective: The authors aimed to analyze the current epidemiology of high- and low-grade gliomas, follow-up strategies, and prognosis in a national reference center of a developing country. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with intracranial gliomas from January 2012 to January 2016 were reviewed. Data were classified by age, symptoms, Karnofsky functional scale (KFS), tumor location, extent of resection (EOR), histopathology, hospital stay, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS), adjuvant treatments, overall survival (OS), and mortality. Results: Astrocytomas accounted for 28.2% of the intracranial tumors and 53.5% were male. Headache was the most common symptom, while sensory disturbance was the least frequent. The right cerebral hemisphere was involved in 56.5% of cases and frontal lobe in 31.3%. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 18.1% cases, 35.3% subtotal resection, and 46.4% biopsy. Regarding the astrocytomas, 43.3% were low grade and 56.4% high grade. Low-grade tumors had the highest frequency in the fourth decade of life, while Grade III and IV in the fifth and seventh decades of life, respectively. In high-grade lesions, there was a slight male predominance (~1.4:1). The initial KFS was regularly 80 for low-grade gliomas and 60 for high-grade. By 1-month postdischarge, the score decreased by 10 points. About half of the patients (47.5%) received adjuvant therapy after surgery. From the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), the majority had a form of disability and 30-month OS was above 88% for Grade I-II and 0% for Grade III and IV. Conclusions: Astrocytic tumors were the most frequently noted intra-axial tumors. Age, histological grade, and EOR are important prognostic factors. These results are similar to other reports; however, increased variability was noted when treatment-related factors were considered. Additional studies are necessary to identify the factors related to these treatment results. Highlights: • There are no data describing the basic epidemiology and prognosis of high-grade and low-grade gliomas in Mexico.• Intracranial astrocytomas account for 28.2% tumors in our institution.• Age, histological grade, and EOR are important prognostic factors.• Poor overall survival was achieved in our target population.

scholarly journals Stereology in Grading and Prognosis of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582098513
Author(s):  
Mafalda Casanova ◽  
Sandra Branco ◽  
Inês Berenguer Veiga ◽  
André Barros ◽  
Pedro Faísca
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽  
Grade Iii

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) are currently graded according to Patnaik and Kiupel grading schemes. The qualitative and semiquantitative parameters applied in these schemes may lead to inter- and intraobserver variability. This study investigates the prognostic value of volume-weighted mean nuclear volume ([Formula: see text]), a stereological estimation that provides information about nuclear size and its variability. [Formula: see text] of 55 ccMCTs was estimated using the “point-sampled intercept” method and compared with histological grade and clinical outcome. The clinical history of dogs treated with surgical excision alone was available for 30 ccMCTs. Statistical differences in [Formula: see text] were found between grade II ([Formula: see text]= 115 ± 29 µm3) and grade III ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 197 ± 63 µm3), as well as between low-grade ([Formula: see text]= 113 ± 28 µm3) and high-grade ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 184 ± 63 µm3). An optimal cutoff value of [Formula: see text] ≥ 150 µm3 and [Formula: see text] ≥ 140 µm3 was determined for grade III and high-grade ccMCTs, respectively. In terms of prognosis, [Formula: see text] was not able to predict the clinical outcome in 42% of the cases; however, cases with [Formula: see text]<125 µm3 had a favorable outcome. These results indicate that, despite having limited prognostic value when used as a solitary parameter, [Formula: see text] is highly reproducible and is associated with histological grade as well as with benign behavior.

Evaluation of microvessel density (MVD) in canine mammary tumours by quantitative immunohistochemistry of the claudin-5 molecule

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Jakab ◽  
Judit Halász ◽  
András Kiss ◽  
Zsuzsa Schaff ◽  
Attila Szász ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Computer Image Analysis ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Quantitative Immunohistochemistry ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Canine Mammary Gland ◽  
Grade Iii

In our recent investigation, angiogenesis was evaluated and quantified by immunohistochemical evaluation of microvessel density (MVD) using claudin-5 (CLDN-5) as a marker for vascular endothelium in 67 canine mammary gland tumours. Computer image analysis was used to measure the intratumoural MVD. Higher intratumoural MVD was detected in malignant simple neoplasms compared with benign tumours. Furthermore, the results of MVD were correlated with histological grade, higher grades being accompanied by higher MVD. In simple adenomas and grade I tubular-tubulopapillary simple carcinomas the intratumoural microvessels were wide and regular in shape with evident erythrocytes in their lumen. In grade III solid carcinomas the microvessels were smaller, less regular and had irregular shape, often without a distinct lumen, and isolated endothelial cells were frequently present. In the complex carcinomas MVD was low and the intratumoural microvessels were mostly irregular in shape without a distinct lumen. The evaluation of MVD by CLDN-5 immunohistochemistry may give useful additional information on the angiogenic potential of breast cancers in dogs.

THE INFLUENCE OF VOLUMETRIC TUMOR DOUBLING TIME ON SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH INTRACRANIAL TUMORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Yadav Ambica ◽  
Tandon Anupama
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
P Value ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Tumor Doubling Time ◽  
Initial Tumor

Objective:To evaluate inuence of volumetric tumor doubling time on survival of patients with intracranial tumors. Study design: 20 patients with intracranial tumor of either sex and any age were included, if two imaging scans were available/could be done in which change in tomor volume was appreciable and the tumor margins were well demarcated. Based on change in tumor volume, tumor doubling time (DT) and predictive survival time (PST) were calculated. Patients were followed up for 6 months or longer for actual survival time (AST). Results: The histological grade was found to have a signicant correlation with DT (P value 0.046) and PST of the tumor (P value 0.038). DT and PSTwere found to be signicantly lower in high grade astrocytomas. Age, gender, tumor location and initial tumor volume were not found to have a signicant correlation with DTand PST. When DTwas compared to PST, excellent correlation was seen which was statistically signicant (Pvalue < 0.001) and suggested a linear relationship. Conclusion: Computed Tomography (CT) & Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can accurately dene the intracranial tumors and can reliably measure their volume. Calculation of tumor volume, change in tumor volume, DT and PST based on imaging studies is easy and reproducible. DT and PST have an excellent correlation & there is a linear relationship between the two. Histological grade and DT are the signicant prognostic factors while age, gender, tumor location and initial tumor volume are not signicant prognostic factors in patients with brain tumors.

Association between breast cancer’s prognostic factors and 3D textural features of non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted breast MRI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Lepola ◽  
Otso Arponen ◽  
Hidemi Okuma ◽  
Kirsi Holli-Helenius ◽  
Heikki Junkkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Breast Mri ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Tumour Grade ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Objectives: The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate whether three-dimensional texture analysis (3D-TA) features of non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI associate with traditional prognostic factors and disease-free survival (DFS) of breast cancer. Methods: 3D-T1-weighted images from 78 patients with 81 malignant histopathologically verified breast lesions were retrospectively analysed using standard-size volumes of interest. Grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) based features were selected for statistical analysis. In statistics the Mann–Whitney U and the Kruskal–Wallis tests, the Cox proportional hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier method were used. Results: Tumours with higher histological grade were significantly associated with higher contrast (1voxel: p = 0.033, two voxels: p = 0.036). All the entropy parameters showed significant correlation with tumour grade (p = 0.015–0.050) but there were no statistically significant associations between other TA parameters and tumour grade. The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) was correlated with contrast and sum entropy parameters. A higher sum variance TA parameter was a significant predictor of shorter DFS. Conclusion: Texture parameters, assessed by 3D-TA from non-enhanced T1-weighted images, indicate tumour heterogeneity but have limited independent prognostic value. However, they are associated with tumour grade, NPI, and DFS. These parameters could be used as an adjunct to contrast-enhanced TA parameters. Advances in knowledge: 3D texture analysis of non-contrast enhanced T1-weighted breast MRI associates with tumour grade, NPI, and DFS. The use of non-contrast 3D TA parameters in adjunct with contrast-enhanced 3D TA parameters warrants further research.

scholarly journals P14.78 Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy as a salvage therapy for recurrent high-grade gliomas: Single-center experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii86-iii86
Author(s):  
T Reynaud ◽  
A Bertaut ◽  
W Farah ◽  
D Thibouw ◽  
G Crehange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Grade Gliomas ◽  
Grade Iii

Abstract BACKGROUND The standard of care for patients with recurrent glioblastoma or grade III glioma has not yet been clearly defined and many approaches are available for salvage strategies. These include surgery, re-irradiation or systemic agents. For the treatment of High-Grade (HGG) recurrence by radiation therapy, Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (HFSRT) is an interesting approach because it is minimally invasive, ambulatory, short-lasting and well tolerated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of and safety to HFSRT as alvage treatment for patients suffering from HGG relapse in our cancer center and to compare these results with the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between March 2012 and March 2017, 32 consecutive patients (12 women, 20 men) treated in a single-center were retrospectively included included in this study.Grade III gliomas were diagnosed in 14 patients and grade IV in 18 patients. Thirty-four lesions were treated with HFSRT on LINAC. HFSRT delivered a dose of 30 Gy in six fractions of 5Gy (27 Gy in three fractions for one patient) with two or three fractions per week. The treatment plans were normalized to 100% at the isocenter, and prescribed to the 80 % isodose line. Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS HFSRT characteristics: The median tumor volume was of 6.1 (0.1–42.2) cm3 and the median PTV was 15 (0.6–67.5) cm3. The median maximum dose, median minimum dose and median mean dose were 38.7 (32.7–42.0) Gy, 29.1 (14.0–32.4) Gy and 35.1 (31.5–37.5) Gy, respectively. Median follow-up was 20.9 months. Median overall survival (OS) following HFSRT was 15.6 months (Median OS for patients patients with GBM and grade III glioma were 8.2 and 19.5 months, respectively; p=0.0496). Progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.7 months (Median PFS for patients with GBM and grade III glioma were 3.6 and 4.5months, respectively; p=0.2424). In multivariate analysis, tumor grade III (p=0.0027), an ECOG status &lt;2 at the time of reirradiation (p=0.0023) and a mean dose &gt;35 Gy (p=0.0055) significantly improved OS. A maximum reirradiation dose above 38 Gy (p=0.0179) was significantly associated with longer PFS. Treatment was well tolerated, no acute toxicity &gt; grade 2 was observed. During the follow-up, ten patients (31.25%) had suspected radionecrosis. In six patients, this suspicion corresponded to tumor progression. For the other patients, radionecrosis was suggested on multi-modal MRI. CONCLUSION HFSRT appears to be a feasible and effective salvage treatment option for recurrent high-grade gliomas, with OS of 15.6 months. Prognostic factors associated with longer OS were a good general state of health and grade III glioma. Dosimetric data suggested that the dose gradient had an impact on tumor control and indicate that a study with dose-escalation is warranted. These results need to be confirmed in a prospective study with a greater number of patients.

scholarly journals Follicular lymphoma patients with a high FLIPI score and a high tumor burden: A risk stratification model

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bosko Andjelic ◽  
Milena Todorovic-Balint ◽  
Darko Antic ◽  
Jelena Bila ◽  
Vladislava Djurasinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
International Prognostic Index ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
High Tumor Burden

Background/Aim. The widely accepted Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) divides patients into three risk groups based on the score of adverse prognostic factors. The estimated 5-year survival in patients with a high FLIPI score is around 50%. The aim of this study was to analyse the prognostic value of clinical and laboratory parameters that are not included in the FLIPI and the New Prognostic Index for Follicular Lymphoma developed by the International Follicular Lymphoma Prognostic Factor Project (FLIPI2) indices, in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with a high FLIPI score and high tumor burden. Methods. The retrospective analysis included 57 newly diagnosed patients with FL, a high FLIPI score and a high tumor burden. All the patients were diagnosed and treated between April 2000 and June 2007 at the Clinic for Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade. Results. The patients with a histological grade > 1, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ? 45 mm/h and hypoalbuminemia had a significantly worse overall survival (p = 0.015; p = 0.001; p = 0.008, respectively), while there was a tendency toward worse overall survival in the patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) > 1 (p = 0.075). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified a histological grade > 1, ESR ? 45 mm/h and hypoalbuminemia as independent risk factors for a poor outcome. Based on a cumulative score of unfavourable prognostic factors, patients who had 0 or 1 unfavourable factors had a significantly better 5-year overall survival compared to patients with 2 or 3 risk factors (75% vs 24.1%, p = 0.000). Conclusion. The obtained results suggest that from the examined prognostic parameters histological grade > 1, ESR ? 45 mm/h and hypoalbuminemia can contribute in defining patients who need more aggressive initial treatment approach, if two or three of these parameters are present on presentation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document