Soil biological activity and their seasonal variations in response to long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

2009 ◽  
Vol 326 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaofei Ge ◽  
Zhaojun Li ◽  
Fenliang Fan ◽  
Guixin Chu ◽  
Zhenan Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

Effects of Long Term Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2608-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Dora Samuel ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
Carmen Elena Melinte (Frunzulica) ◽  
Lavinia Purza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers

Long term productivity and conservation of soils is critical for sustaining agricultural ecosystems. The specific objective of the work reported was to determine the effects of long term application of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil enzyme activity as an index of soil biology and biochemistry. Three key soil enzymes involved in intracellular metabolism of microorganisms and two soil enzymes involved in phosphorus metabolism were selected. Actual and potential dehydrogenase, catalase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in the 0-20 cm layer of an eroded soil submitted to a complex fertilization experiment. Results showed that addition of mineral fertilizers to organic (green manure and farmyard manure) fertilizers led to a significant increase in each activity because of increased plant biomass production which upon incorporation stimulates soil biological activity. The enzymatic indicators of soil quality calculated from the values of enzymatic activities depending on the kind of fertilizers showed that by the determination of enzymatic activities valuable information can be obtained regarding fertility status of soils. A weak positive correlation between enzymatic indicators of soil quality and maize yield was established. The yield data demonstrate the superiority of farmyard manure which provided greater stability in crop production. Substantial improvement in soil biological activity due to application of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizers contribute in maintaining the productivity and soil health.

Soil organic carbon sequestration potential for Canadian Agricultural Ecoregions calculated using the Introductory Carbon Balance Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Bolinder ◽  
O. Andrén ◽  
T. Kätterer ◽  
L -E Parent
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Sequestration Potential

The potential for storage of atmospheric CO2-C as soil organic C (SOC) in agroecosystems depends largely on soil biological activity and the quantity and quality of annual C inputs to soil. In this study we used the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) approach driven by daily standard weather station data, specific soil properties and crop characteristics at the scale of Canadian agricultural ecoregions. The objectives were to calculate a climate-dependent soil biological activity parameter representative for annual agricultural crop production systems (re_crop) and to estimate the effect of fallow (re_fallow). These parameters are based on the daily product of soil temperature and stored water that influence biological activity in the arable layer, and are used to adjust the decomposition rates of the ICBM SOC pools. We also tested re_crop and re_fallow on SOC stock change data for different site and treatment combinations from long-term field experiments located in some of the ecoregions. An re_crop value of 0.95 for western ecoregions was on average 0.23 units lower than that of the eastern ecoregions, indicating a lower decomposition rate of SOC. Although the estimated annual C inputs to soil for small-grain cereals were on average ≈7.5% higher in the eastern ecoregions (305 vs. 285 g C m-2 yr-1), the overall results suggest that the western ecoregions would have a greater potential to maintain high SOC levels in the long term. However, these parameters varied between ecoregions and, consequently, the SOC sequestration potential was not always higher for the western ecoregions. The effect of fallow was on average ≈0.04, i.e., SOC decomposed slightly faster under fallow. Predictions for 24 out of 33 site and treatment combinations across Canada were significantly improved (P = 0.003), compared with a previous application with the ICBM that did not differentiate between crops and fallow. The methodology used here enabled us to examine regional differences in the potential for SOC sequestration as a balance between annual C inputs to soil and soil biological activity. Key words: Annual C inputs, climate, fallow, soil biological activity, agroecosystems

scholarly journals Effects of maize and winter wheat grown under different cultivation techniques on biological activity of soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furtak Karolina ◽  
Gawryjołek Karolina ◽  
Gajda Anna M ◽  
Gałązka Anna
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Biolog Ecoplate ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Dehydrogenases Activity ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

The aim of the study was to compare the activity and functional biodiversity in soil under two different cereals: common maize and winter wheat, both grown in the same pattern of cultivation techniques: conventional (to 25 cm depth) and reduced (to 10 cm depth). Soil samples for comparative analysis were collected at the same time (July 2016) at a long-term field experiment, which was carried out in 2013–2016. Soil biological activity was determined by measurement of dehydrogenases activity (DHa) with TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) application, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) content by fumigation-extraction method, and functional diversity of soil microorganisms using the Biolog EcoPlate System. The results demonstrated that the cultivation technique had a greater impact on the soil biological activity, compared to the type of cereal. Higher biological activity was found in the soil under reduced tillage in both cereals. Calculated correlations showed that DHa, MBC, MBN and acid phosphatases were positively correlated with each other. The negative correlation obtained between yield and biological parameters of activity in soil was not expected.

Variation in soil bacterial communities by long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Shanthpure ◽  
Devaki Girija ◽  
Panchami Pottekkat Sidharthan ◽  
Moossa Puthen Peedikakkal ◽  
Sneha Sasidharan Nair
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

Long-term influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nutrient build-up and their relationship with microbial properties under a rice-wheat cropping sequence in an acid alfisol

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bedi ◽  
Y. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The long-term effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nutrient build-up and their relationship with microbial properties in a rice-wheat cropping sequence were studied in surface (0–15 cm) and subsurface (15–30 cm) soil samples. This experiment has been in progress since 1990 in the Department of Agronomy, CSK, Palampur with twelve treatments involving combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers. In these treatment combinations, 25 and 50% of the recommended nitrogen levels were supplemented with organic sources, i.e. FYM (farm yard manure), green manure and wheat straw. The buildup of organic matter, and the total and available pools of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur were determined in surface (0–15 cm) and subsurface (15–30 cm) soil samples. The substitution of 25 and 50% nitrogen through organic fertilizers proved to be better than inorganic fertilizers alone. Amongst the organic sources, the substitution of FYM resulted in higher organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur than green manure or wheat straw. The substitution of 50% nitrogen through organic fertilizer was more effective than the substitution of 25% nitrogen. The relationships between the total and available pools of nutrients and the total microbial count, biomass carbon, microbial respiration, and the dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzymes were studied. The total pool of nutrients showed a high, positive, significant relationship with all these parameters.

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