scholarly journals Complete resource pooling of a load-balancing policy for a network of battery swapping stations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Sloothaak ◽  
James Cruise ◽  
Seva Shneer ◽  
Maria Vlasiou ◽  
Bert Zwart
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Queueing Network ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Resource Pooling ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Reduce Carbon Emission

AbstractTo reduce carbon emission in the transportation sector, there is currently a steady move taking place to an electrified transportation system. This brings about various issues for which a promising solution involves the construction and operation of a battery swapping infrastructure rather than in-vehicle charging of batteries. In this paper, we study a closed Markovian queueing network that allows for spare batteries under a dynamic arrival policy. We propose a provisioning rule for the capacity levels and show that these lead to near-optimal resource utilization, while guaranteeing good quality-of-service levels for electric vehicle users. Key in the derivations is to prove a state-space collapse result, which in turn implies that performance levels are as good as if there would have been a single station with an aggregated number of resources, thus achieving complete resource pooling.

CREATING WALKING LED TRANSIT STATIONS FOR WOMEN IN MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Yong Adilah Shamsul Harumain ◽  
Nur Farhana Azmi ◽  
Suhaini Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Female User

Transit stations are generally well known as nodes of spaces where percentage of people walking are relatively high. The issue is do more planning is actually given to create walkability. Creating walking led transit stations involves planning of walking distance, providing facilities like pathways, toilets, seating and lighting. On the other hand, creating walking led transit station for women uncover a new epitome. Walking becomes one of the most important forms of mobility for women in developing countries nowadays. Encouraging women to use public transportation is not just about another effort to promote the use of public transportation but also another great endeavour to reduce numbers of traffic on the road. This also means, creating an effort to control accidents rate, reducing carbon emission, improving health and eventually, developing the quality of life. Hence, in this paper, we sought first to find out the factors that motivate women to walk at transit stations in Malaysia. A questionnaire survey with 562 female user of Light Railway Transit (LRT) was conducted at LRT stations along Kelana Jaya Line. Both built and non-built environment characteristics, particularly distance, safety and facilities were found as factors that are consistently associated with women walkability. With these findings, the paper highlights the criteria  which are needed to create and make betterment of transit stations not just for women but also for walkability in general.

The structure and application of an automated system for monitoring passenger traffic

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Anikeev
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Transport Control

Various methods of collecting data on passenger traffic, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. It is shown that in order to improve the quality of transport services, it is necessary to regularly collect and refine data on passenger traffic. The goals and methods of obtaining information about passenger traffic in the system of municipal passenger transport are indicated. All currently existing methods are divided into three categories: data collection using technical means, data collection with the help of censors and volunteers, and interpretation of fare payments. All the methods presented in the article were compared in terms of labor intensity, costs and accuracy of the results obtained. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered. The general structure of an automated system for collecting data on passenger traffic is presented. The necessity of creating a centralized system for collecting and processing data associated with all passenger transport control systems has been substantiated. The tasks solved by this system at all levels of transport services for passengers are shown. Each of the tasks is assigned to one of three service levels: pre-transport, transport and post-transport. It is shown that only solving problems at all levels can ensure high-quality operation of the municipal passenger transport system.

The Importance of Skin Disease as Assessed by “Willingness-To-Pay”

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Parks ◽  
Rajesh Balkrishnan ◽  
Line Hamel-Gariépy ◽  
Steven R. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
The Impact

Background: To achieve optimal resource allocation in health care, it is necessary to value competing resource uses according to the benefit derived from those uses. Skin disease makes as great an impact as other serious medical conditions when assessed by effects on health-related quality of life. Objective: To confirm the high impact of skin disease by comparing patients' willingness to pay (WTP) to be cured or relieved from symptoms of skin and nonskin conditions. Methods: We searched the published literature on WTP to compare the impact of dermatologic conditions with the impact of other medical conditions. A total of 46 articles were identified of which 10 included information on willingness to pay for cure reported on a monthly basis. Results: WTP for skin diseases fell in the range of $125–260/month and was comparable or higher than all but one of the other identified conditions. Conclusion: Willingness to pay for relief from skin diseases is comparable to that for relief of other serious medical conditions. Skin diseases are associated with a significant adverse impact on patients' lives.

Cooperative Communication System Architectures for Cellular Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 522-547
Author(s):  
Mischa Dohler ◽  
Djamal-Eddine Meddour ◽  
Sidi-Mohammed Senouci ◽  
Hassnaa Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Cooperative Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Coverage Problems ◽  
The Cost

An ever-growing demand for higher data-rates has facilitated the growth of wireless networks in the past decades. These networks, however, are known to exhibit capacity and coverage problems, hence jeopardizing the promised quality of service towards the end-user. To overcome these problems, prohibitive investment costs in terms of base station or access point rollouts would be required if traditional, non-scalable, cell-splitting, and micro-cell capacity dimension procedures were applied. The prime aim of current R&D initiatives is, hence, to develop innovative network solutions that decrease the cost per bit/s/Hz over the wireless link. To this end, cooperative networks have emerged as an efficient and promising solution. We discuss in this chapter some key research and deployment issues, with emphasis on cooperative architectures, networking, and security solutions. We expose some motivations to use such networks, as well as latest state-of-the-art developments, open research challenges, and business models.

Optimal Resource Usage in Multi-Cloud Computing Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena Goswami ◽  
Choudhury Nishkanta Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Queueing Network ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Cloud Computing Environment ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Optimal Resource Management ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Multi Cloud

Cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm for accessing distributed computing resources such as infrastructure, hardware platform, and software applications on-demand over the internet as services. This paper presents an optimal resource management framework for multi-cloud computing environment. The authors model the behavior and performance of applications to integrate different service-providers for end-to-end-requirements. Each service model caters to specific type of requirements and there are already number of players with own customized products/services offered. Intercloud Federation and Service delegation models are part of Multi-Cloud environment where the broader target is to achieve infinite pool of resources. They propose an analytical queueing network model to improve the efficiency of the system. Numerical results indicate that the proposed provisioning technique detects changes in arrival pattern, resource demands that occur over time and allocates multiple virtualized IT resources accordingly to achieve application Quality of Service targets.

scholarly journals A Novel Consistent Quality Driven for JEM Based Distributed Video Coding

Algorithms ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Trieu Duong ◽  
Huy Phi Cong ◽  
Xiem Hoang Van
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Distributed Video Coding ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Optimal Values

Distributed video coding (DVC) is an attractive and promising solution for low complexity constrained video applications, such as wireless sensor networks or wireless surveillance systems. In DVC, visual quality consistency is one of the most important issues to evaluate the performance of a DVC codec. However, it is the fact that the quality of the decoded frames that is achieved in most recent DVC codecs is not consistent and it is varied with high quality fluctuation. In this paper, we propose a novel DVC solution named Joint exploration model based DVC (JEM-DVC) to solve the problem, which can provide not only higher performance as compared to the traditional DVC solutions, but also an effective scheme for the quality consistency control. We first employ several advanced techniques that are provided in the Joint exploration model (JEM) of the future video coding standard (FVC) in the proposed JEM-DVC solution to effectively improve the performance of JEM-DVC codec. Subsequently, for consistent quality control, we propose two novel methods, named key frame quantization (KF-Q) and Wyner-Zip frame quantization (WZF-Q), which determine the optimal values of the quantization parameter (QP) and quantization matrix (QM) applied for the key and WZ frame coding, respectively. The optimal values of QP and QM are adaptively controlled and updated for every key and WZ frames to guarantee the consistent video quality for the proposed codec unlike the conventional approaches. Our proposed JEM-DVC is the first DVC codec in literature that employs the JEM coding technique, and then all of the results that are presented in this paper are new. The experimental results show that the proposed JEM-DVC significantly outperforms the relevant DVC benchmarks, notably the DISCOVER DVC and the recent H.265/HEVC based DVC, in terms of both Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) performance and consistent visual quality.

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