scholarly journals Mediating Students’ Fixation with Grades in an Inquiry-Based Undergraduate Biology Course

Author(s):  
Dayna Jean DeFeo ◽  
Trang C. Tran ◽  
Sarah Gerken

Abstract The paper analyzes focus group data to explore student perceptions of an inquiry-based undergraduate biology course. Though the course was designed to mimic the scientific process by incorporating uncertainty, peer review, and self-reflection, students came to class focused on getting As and with a developed schema for didactic instruction and passive learning. They perceived the autonomy and self-directedness of the learning experience as a threat to their grades, and responded with strategies that protected their grades and ego, but were deleterious to learning. Students could identify merits of the inquiry-based approach; however, they made clear: they prioritized grades, and were unwilling to trust an unfamiliar pedagogy if they perceived it jeopardized their grades. In the framework of self-regulated learning, the discussion considers how to scaffold students to foreground learning over achievement.

Author(s):  
Justin W. Bouw ◽  
Vasudha Gupta ◽  
Ana L. Hincapie

Purpose: To date, no studies in the literature have examined student delivery of team-based learning (TBL) modules in the classroom. We aimed to assess student perceptions of a student-led TBL elective. Methods: Third-year pharmacy students were assigned topics in teams and developed learning objectives, a 15-minute mini-lecture, and a TBL application exercise and presented them to student colleagues. Students completed a survey upon completion of the course and participated in a focus group discussion to share their views on learning. Results: The majority of students (n=23/30) agreed that creating TBL modules enhanced their understanding of concepts, improved their self-directed learning skills (n=26/30), and improved their comprehension of TBL pedagogy (n=27/30). However, 60% disagreed with incorporating student-generated TBL modules into core curricular classes. Focus group data identified student-perceived barriers to success in the elective, in particular the development of TBL application exercises. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that students positively perceived student-led TBL as encouraging proactive learning from peer-to-peer teaching.


2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
Kelsey J. Metzger ◽  
Joanna Yang Yowler

The processes of mitosis and meiosis are oft-cited and long-standing examples of concepts that are difficult for students to learn and understand. While there are many examples in the literature of “how-to-do-it,” innovative instructional approaches for teaching mitosis and meiosis, publications that include measurement of learning gains are fewer. Moreover, when measurement of learning gains are reported, the outcomes of innovative approaches are most often compared to outcomes from traditional lecture-format instruction. In contrast, this research compares two active-learning approaches to teaching meiosis through modeling in an introductory undergraduate biology course for health sciences majors. Items from the published, validated Meiosis Concept Inventory were used for pre- and post-instruction assessment. In addition, we collected data regarding student perceptions of the learning experience in each modeling scenario through two Likert-scale items and two free-response items. Overall, students demonstrated significant learning gains from pre- to post-assessment. We found no significant differences in performance on the posttest between the two modeling approaches, indicating that the selection of the modeling activity used to support student learning can be made on the basis of other criteria, such as instructor preference, physical classroom layout, or available supplies.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 238212051774638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C Robertson ◽  
Leslie C Fowler

Feedback, especially timely, specific, and actionable feedback, frequently does not occur. Efforts to better understand methods to improve the effectiveness of feedback are an important area of educational research. This study represents preliminary work as part of a plan to investigate the perceptions of a student-driven system to request feedback from faculty using a mobile device and Web-based application. We hypothesize that medical students will perceive learner-initiated, timely feedback to be an essential component of clinical education. Furthermore, we predict that students will recognize the use of a mobile device and Web application to be an advantageous and effective method when requesting feedback from supervising physicians. Focus group data from 18 students enrolled in a 4-week anesthesia clerkship revealed the following themes: (1) students often have to solicit feedback, (2) timely feedback is perceived as being advantageous, (3) feedback from faculty is perceived to be more effective, (4) requesting feedback from faculty physicians poses challenges, (5) the decision to request feedback may be influenced by the student’s clinical performance, and (6) using a mobile device and Web application may not guarantee timely feedback. Students perceived using a mobile Web-based application to initiate feedback from supervising physicians to be a valuable method of assessment. However, challenges and barriers were identified.


Author(s):  
Crystal T Tse ◽  
Kyle W Scholz ◽  
Katherine Lithgow

We provide evidence to substantiate the learning potential of eportfolios by focusing on instructor variables that influence eportfolio learning experiences. We conducted a mixed-methods study of over 800 students across 30 courses. Using survey, interview, and focus group data, we argue that instructors’ approaches to eportfolio activities play a critical but underappreciated role in whether the eportfolio will be a valued student learning experience. By adapting categorizations of deep, surface, and strategic learning, we argue that an instructor’s approach to eportfolios can be classified in a similar manner. We analyze how the instructor adheres to eportfolio best practices, and how the instructor manages student expectations and relays the importance of the eportfolio. As a result, we propose that instructors too can adopt a deep, surface, or strategic approach to eportfolios. Our data show that students generally benefit most when instructors adopt a deep, intentional approach to eportfolios, such as having a long-term investment in the course (e.g., teaching it more than one time), taking a hands-on approach with the administration of the eportfolio, and collaboratively designing the eportfolio activity. Nous présentons des preuves afin de justifier le potentiel d’apprentissage des ePortfolios en nous concentrant sur les variables des instructeurs qui influencent les expériences d’apprentissage présentées par les ePortfolios. Nous avons mené une étude à méthodologie mixte auprès de plus de 800 étudiants dans 30 cours différents. Nous avons recueilli des données suite à des sondages, des entrevues et des groupes de discussion et nous en avons déduit que les activités préparées pour les ePortfolios par les instructeurs jouent un rôle primordial mais toutefois non apprécié à sa juste valeur pour déterminer si le ePortfolio va être une expérience d’apprentissage enrichissante. En adaptant des catégorisations d’apprentissage profond, de surface et stratégique, nous pensons que l’approche d’un instructeur vis-à-vis du ePortfolio peut être classifiée de la même manière. Nous analysons la manière dont l’instructeur adhère aux meilleures pratiques du ePortfolio ainsi que la manière dont l’instructeur gère les attentes des étudiants et transmet l’importance du ePortfolio. En conséquence, nous proposons que les instructeurs eux aussi peuvent adopter une approche profonde, en surface et stratégique vis-à-vis des ePortfolios. Nos données indiquent qu’en général, les étudiants bénéficient le plus quand les instructeurs adoptent une approche profonde et intentionnelle vis-à-vis des ePortfolios, comme par exemple le fait de consacrer un investissement à long-terme dans le cours (par exemple, le fait de l’enseigner davantage qu’une seule fois), d’adopter une approche pratique vis-à-vis de l’administration du ePortfolio, et en assurant la conception en collaboration des activités du ePortfolio.


Author(s):  
Stephanos Anastasiadis ◽  
Justin O'Brien

This paper presents the results of an investigation into taught master’s students’ expectations and experience of being supervised during their final project. It does so using exploratory survey and focus group data from one UK institution with a high proportion of international students. The paper adds to the limited literature on master’s students’ experience, and makes two further main contributions. It finds that students both expect supervisor engagement and respond well to it, and argues that focusing on key elements of the dyadic supervision process can disproportionately improve student’s overall learning and satisfaction. In addition to furthering knowledge in this area, the research suggests numerous practical implications and lines of potential future inquiry.


Author(s):  
Claire de la Varre ◽  
Julie Keane ◽  
Matthew J. Irvin ◽  
Wallace Hannum

This chapter describes the design of a sociotechnical system to support rural high school students in an online distance education (ODE) course. The design is based on the American Psychological Association’s Learner- Centered Psychological Principles (LCPs). The system includes a Web-based module to train school-based facilitators to create a socially-supportive local environment for students and encourage community building among facilitators. The system also includes an online instrument for collecting data on learner-centered practices in the classroom and student perceptions of these. ODE typically has high attrition rates, in part because participants’ social needs are often neglected, leading to perceptions of isolation. Additionally, success in online courses depends on students’ abilities to engage in self-regulated learning, effective timemanagement and self-reflection, skills that many students in high school are still learning and may need help with as they engage in ODE. This system is an attempt to address these issues.


2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera C. Mazurak ◽  
Ellen Whybrow ◽  
Stanley Varnhagen ◽  
Catherine J. Field

Questions often arise about the quality of an educational experience in a distance format. Debate exists as to whether the relatively new format of on-line education can offer an equivalent learning experience for students, and the perception remains that virtual learning is impersonal. We examined students’ experience in an introductory undergraduate nutrition course that had been remodelled as an asynchronous, active-learning, student-centred model. The investigation used the framework of instructional message design, a concept based on cognitive science principles, to highlight themes in student survey and focus group data. Results indicate that a motivating and accessible quality educational experience is possible in an on-line format through a student-centred model. Such a model provides a means to offer education to a diverse and larger audience. Further investigation is needed to determine faculty professional development needs and cost-effective ways to expand the model. Such a model provides alternatives to expand delivery to encourage interest in the field, and to provide continuing education for allied professionals and the general public.


Author(s):  
Tia Goldring ◽  
Emma Harper ◽  
Ricky Jassal ◽  
Lorrianne Joseph ◽  
Alison Kelly ◽  
...  

Transition to higher education is challenging, and may be more difficult for some groups than others. The transition from level 3 foundation year into level 4 offers the opportunity to explore student perspectives. Qualitative survey and focus group data were collected from current and previous Level 3 students, to ascertain student perceptions about induction, level of belonging, confidence about Level 4 and to identify useful support sources.  Over a third of eligible Level 3 students (n=102) participated, but numbers of eligible participants from Levels 4, 5 and 6 were limited. Despite the heterogeneous nature of Level 3 students the majority of students recognised the value of the foundation year. Data suggested that Level 3 students did not identify with the university. Those who did highlighted the importance of social outlets such as clubs and societies. A major cause of dissatisfaction was perceived lack of clarity about the foundation year, including the programme, subjects and physical location of the course. This was apparent across all ethnicities, age groups and both genders. Among previous Level 3 students, personal sources of support were uniformly valued although the precise source varied by year of study. Support from academic staff, via office hours and as personal tutors, was rated as most important.  Enabling academic staff to offer support to students throughout their study, and clear consistent information available throughout an ongoing transition, may help to minimise these issues.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacky Forsyth ◽  
Lisa Cowap

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate students’ perceptions of the value, impact, benefits and disadvantages of in-house, university-based work experience vs off-campus work experience. Design/methodology/approach Three focus groups, one consisting of students who had undertaken work experience off-campus at an employers’ workplace (n=6), one consisting of students who had undertaken work experience in-house with a university-based employer (n=6), and a third mixed group (n=6, consisting of students who had undertaken both types), were formed. Focus group data were supplemented by interviews (n=3). Data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Findings Based on student perceptions, both types of work experience were thought to: enhance future employment; provide career insight; enable skill/experience acquisition and application; and be useful for building relationships. Work experience that occurred in-house was, in addition, perceived to be cost effective; enabling students to be more closely supervised and supported; good for relationship building between and within students/staff; beneficial for increasing student attainment; and enabling students to see the link between theory and practice more clearly. In-house work experience was, however, deemed to be restricted in terms of variety, and links with and perceptions of external stakeholders. Research limitations/implications The study is limited in that it is based on the perceptions of students undertaking unique types of integrated work experience within one faculty at one university. Practical implications When deciding on whether in-house or off-campus work experiences are offered, consideration should be given to level of support, supervision, observation, and travel and time costs. Originality/value Original views of students regarding in-house work experience have been gathered, which can be used to inform in-course workplace practices.


2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Ginsberg

Abstract This qualitative study examined student perceptions regarding a hybrid classroom format in which part of their learning took place in a traditional classroom and part of their learning occurred in an online platform. Pre-course and post-course anonymous essays suggest that students may be open to learning in this context; however, they have specific concerns as well. Students raised issues regarding faculty communication patterns, learning styles, and the value of clear connections between online and traditional learning experiences. Student concerns and feedback need to be addressed through the course design and by the instructor in order for them to have a positive learning experience in a hybrid format course.


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