Are seed and dispersal characteristics of plants capable of predicting colonization of post-mining sites?

Heavy metals pollution potential in National Iron Ore Mining Company, Itakpe was investigated. Two mining sites located at the east mining pits such as M3O, which is 370 m above sea level and M2O, which is 350 m above sea level were studied. Sequential extraction techniques was utilised to examine the distribution effect of the heavy metals pollution potential on the environment. Twelve representative (six-soil, two-sediment, two-plant and two-water) samples were collected, pre-treated and prepared for this study. The atomic absorption spectrometer was used to analyse the concentration of the metals after the sequential and single-stage extractions were determined. Results showed that Chromium, Arsenic, Cadmium and Copper are more bioavailable in the study area than Lead and Iron. This findings indicate that human, animals and plants are exposed to toxic elements (metals and metalloids).

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Problems in Detoxifying Fresh Waters Polluted by Base Metal Minewaters

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1971.005 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 53-79

Author(s):

Vaclav Kresta ◽

Gerald B. Ward

Keyword(s):

Chelating Agents ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Total Dosage ◽

Toxic Compounds ◽

Mining Sites ◽

Know How ◽

Chemical Agents ◽

Copper And Zinc ◽

Receiving Waters

Abstract At many mining sites process (milling) and drainage waters escape treatment and cause receiving waters to become contaminated above avoidance or even toxic levels for fish. The present know-how on chemical agents which can be used to complex with copper and zinc to form non-toxic compounds is limited to chelating agents such as NTA or EDTA. Preferential reaction with trivalent ions such as iron means that such ions must be tied up before complexation of copper and zinc can occur. As the amount of iron in contaminated water is usually two to eight times higher than that of copper and zinc, high dosages of chelating agents are usually required. In this project, the use of salts of anthranilic acid, especially calcium anthranilate, was investigated. The consumption of anthranilateions was found to be about the same as that of NTA or EDTA, i.e. four milligrams per milligram of copper or zinc. The total dosage to be applied to contaminated waters would be, however, several times lower as iron is not involved in the reactions and copper and zinc are complexed in that order. Toxicity tests to compare the efficiency and dasages of calcium anthranilate and NTA or EDTA are presently being carried out.

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Thematic mapping of the abandoned mining hazard: a pilot study for the South Wales Coalfield

Geological Society London Engineering Geology Special Publications ◽

10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.31 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 255-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Statham ◽

C. Golightly ◽

G. Treharne

Keyword(s):

Back Analysis ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Historical Record ◽

Mining Subsidence ◽

Present Condition ◽

Opencast Mining ◽

The South ◽

Mining Sites ◽

South Wales ◽

Method Of Production

AbstractThe Department of the Environment and the Welsh Office jointly sponsored a South Wales Desk Study into the feasibility of producing thematic maps of the Mining subsidence risk for planners. A method was to be developed and tested for a 25 km2 Pilot Area centred on Ebbw Vale.The study was started by collecting geological and mining data for the Pilot Area and compiling this information on a map. It was then intended to prepare the mining subsidence map from this map by back analysing subsidence incidents to determine the hazardous areas. This simple approach could not be followed for two reasons. First, the record of mining was incomplete and it was therefore necessary to define ‘worked’ seams and areas from the total historical record and not only from the surviving mine plans. Secondly, insufficient subsidence incidents were discovered in the Pilot Area to carry out meaningful back analysis.The study was extended to collect all readily available records of subsidence incidents throughout the Coalfield. A total of 388 were traced, mainly dating from 1960. About threequarters were collapses through superficial materials and were either close to the outcrop or above mine entries, the remaining 25% propagated to the ground surface through rock. The upper limit of migration was typically 8 times the extracted height where the dip was shallow, incrasing to as much as 18 times for steep dips. Selected grout contracts and opencast mining sites were also examined to gain information on the present condition of old workings and to study the ‘reputations’ of the various seams for voids.The results of the coalfield study were applied to the Pilot Area to produce a 1:10 000 scale Development Advice Map, ‘Mining Subsidence for use by developers and planners’. The map is zoned to show areas where specialist advice is necessary to support a planning application and it also shows all mine entries traced by the desk study. The method of production is general for the South Wales Coalfield and further maps could be prepared, using the Coalfield Study, quickly and cheaply.

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Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Zinc, and Iron Concentration Patterns in Three Marine Fish Species from Two Different Mining Sites inside the Gulf of California, Mexico

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020844 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 844

Author(s):

Elisa Serviere-Zaragoza ◽

Salvador E. Lluch-Cota ◽

Alejandra Mazariegos-Villarreal ◽

Eduardo F. Balart ◽

Hugo Valencia-Valdez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Gulf Of California ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Iron Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Mining Sites ◽

Copper Zinc ◽

Cadmium Lead

In the Gulf of California; mineral deposits have contributed to high metal contents in coastal environments. This study examined cadmium; lead; copper; zinc; and iron contents in three fish species; Kyphosus vaigiensis (herbivore), Stegastes rectifraenum (omnivore), and Balistes polylepis (carnivore) at two mining sites. Metal concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes were estimated using mass spectrophotometry. Also, we assessed the risk to human health from the consumption of these three species based on permissible limits; although only two of them (Kyphosus and Balistes) are consumed as food. Metal concentrations differed among fish species; except for iron. The highest concentrations of metals were not always recorded in the species at the highest trophic level; i.e., Balistes. The highest concentrations (dry weight) recorded were cadmium (0.21 ± 0.03 µg g−1) and lead (1.67 ± 0.26 µg g−1), in S. rectifraenum; copper (1.60 ± 0.49 µg g−1) and zinc (67.30 ± 8.79 µg g−1), in B. polylepis; and iron (27.06 ± 2.58 µg g−1), in K. vaigiensis. Our findings show that each element accumulates differently in particular marine organisms; depending on the physiology of the species and the biogeochemistry of its habitat; which in turn is affected by the anthropogenic activities in adjacent areas. No risk of heavy metals toxicity is expected from the human consumption of the species and sites studied

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Rock-Solubilizing Microbial Inoculums Have Enormous Potential as Ecological Remediation Agents to Promote Plant Growth

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12030357 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 357

Author(s):

Zhaohui Jia ◽

Miaojing Meng ◽

Chong Li ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Lu Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Ecological Restoration ◽

Root Nodules ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Growth Index ◽

Nodule Formation ◽

Bare Rock ◽

Mining Sites ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia L

Anthropogenic overexploitation poses significant threats to the ecosystems that surround mining sites, which also have tremendous negative impacts on human health and society safety. The technological capacity of the ecological restoration of mine sites is imminent, however, it remains a challenge to sustain the green restorative effects of ecological reconstruction. As a promising and environmentally friendly method, the use of microbial technologies to improve existing ecological restoration strategies have shown to be effective. Nonetheless, research into the mechanisms and influences of rock-solubilizing microbial inoculums on plant growth is negligible and the lack of this knowledge inhibits the broader application of this technology. We compared the effects of rock-solubilizing microbial inoculums on two plant species. The results revealed that rock-solubilizing microbial inoculums significantly increased the number of nodules and the total nodule volume of Robinia pseudoacacia L. but not of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. The reason of the opposite reactions is possibly because the growth of R. pseudoacacia was significantly correlated with nodule formation, whereas L. bicolor’s growth index was more closely related to soil characteristics and if soil nitrogen content was sufficient to support its growth. Further, we found that soil sucrase activity contributed the most to the height of R. pseudoacacia, and the total volume of root nodules contributed most to its ground diameter and leaf area. Differently, we found a high contribution of total soil carbon to seedling height and ground diameter of L. bicolor, and the soil phosphatase activity contributed the most to the L. bicolor’ s leaf area. Our work suggests that the addition of rock-solubilizing microbial inoculums can enhance the supply capacity of soil nutrients and the ability of plants to take up nutrients for the promotion of plant growth. Altogether, our study provides technical support for the practical application of rock-solubilizing microbes on bare rock in the future.

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