Effects of environmentally relevant levels of polyethylene microplastic on Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mollusca: Bivalvia): filtration rate and oxidative stress

Author(s):  
Sami Abidli ◽  
Marlene Pinheiro ◽  
Youssef Lahbib ◽  
Teresa Neuparth ◽  
Miguel M. Santos ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. R264-R281
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Feidantsis ◽  
Ioannis A. Giantsis ◽  
Andreas Vratsistas ◽  
Stavroula Makri ◽  
Athanasia-Zoi Pappa ◽  
...  

Long-term exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to temperatures beyond 26°C triggers mussel mortality. The present study aimed to integratively illustrate the correlation between intermediary metabolism, hsp gene expression, and oxidative stress-related proteins in long-term thermally stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis and whether they are affected by thermal stress magnitude and duration. We accordingly evaluated the gene expression profiles, in the posterior adductor muscle (PAM) and the mantle, concerning heat shock protein 70 and 90 ( hsp70 and hsp90), and the antioxidant defense indicators Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and the metallothioneins mt-10 and mt-20. Moreover, we determined antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation, and activities of intermediary metabolism enzymes. The pattern of changes in relative mRNA expression levels indicate that mussels are able to sense thermal stress even when exposed to 22°C and before mussel mortality is initiated. Data indicate a close correlation between the magnitude and duration of thermal stress with lipid peroxidation levels and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the enzymes of intermediary metabolism. The gene expression and increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes support a scenario, according to which exposure to 24°C might trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is closely correlated with anaerobic metabolism under hypometabolic conditions. Increase and maintenance of oxidative stress in conjunction with energy balance disturbance seem to trigger mussel mortality after long-term exposure at temperatures beyond 26°C. Eventually, in the context of preparation for oxidative stress, certain hypotheses and models are suggested, integrating the several steps of cellular stress response.


Author(s):  
Hasan Haci Yeter ◽  
Berfu Korucu ◽  
Elif Burcu Bali ◽  
Ulver Derici

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.


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