Passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and hematological malignancies in the general population: a systematic review

AbstractIt is known that lifestyle factors affect sporadic miscarriage, but the extent of this on RPL (recurrent pregnancy loss) is less well known. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the associations between lifestyle factors and RPL. Studies that analysed RPL in the context of BMI, smoking, alcohol and caffeine intake were included. The primary and secondary outcomes were odds of having RPL in the general population and odds of further miscarriage, respectively. Underweight and women with BMI > 25 are at higher odds of RPL in the general population (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.12–1.28 and OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06–1.38, respectively). In women with RPL, having BMI > 30 and BMI > 25 has increased odds of further miscarriages (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.25–2.50 and OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.07–1.72, respectively). The quality of the evidence for our findings was low or very low. Being underweight and BMI > 25 contributes significantly to increased risk of RPL (general population). BMI > 25 or BMI > 30 increases the risk of further miscarriages (RPL population). Larger studies addressing the effects of alcohol, cigarette smoking and caffeine on the risk of RPL with optimisation of BMI in this cohort of women are now needed.

Download Full-text

Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

General Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/gpsych-2020-100247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. e100247

Author(s):

Matt Pelton ◽

Matt Ciarletta ◽

Holly Wisnousky ◽

Nicholas Lazzara ◽

Monica Manglani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

General Population ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Advanced Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Meta Regression ◽

Living With Hiv

BackgroundPeople living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) must contend with a significant burden of disease. However, current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality (defined as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide deaths).AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.MethodsPublications were identified from PubMed (MEDLINE), SCOPUS, OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases (from inception to before 1 February 2020). The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV. Researchers independently screened records, extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsA total of 185 199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies (12 cohorts, 27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control). The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons (95%CI: 4.5 to 23.1), translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons. The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 106.9 to 228.2) and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 150.8 to 330.1). Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease (AIDS), the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons. The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as ‘moderate’ quality.ConclusionsThe risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population. Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high. Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA, especially for those with more advanced disease.

Download Full-text

Outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19 patients compared to the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1080/17476348.2021.1920927 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adam A. Dmytriw ◽

Richa Chibbar ◽

Petty Pin Yu Chen ◽

Michael D. Traynor ◽

Dong Wook Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

General Population ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Meta Analysis

Download Full-text

328 Insomnia in older HIV patients: a systematic review

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A131-A131

Author(s):

Igor Freire ◽

Miguel Meira e Cruz ◽

Cristina Salles

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

General Population ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sleep Difficulty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Previous Diagnosis ◽

Worse Prognosis

Abstract Introduction Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in elderly. Although the HIV-positive population have a similar life expectancy when compared to the general population, some factors may interact with immunity conditions and therefore contribute to a worse prognosis. Little is known however, about the frequency of insomnia in older HIV-positive patients. OBJECTIVE: To systematic review the prevalence of insomnia in older HIV-positive patients. Methods Systematic Review. Several databases were consulted (MEDLINE-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, and VHL) and manual searches were performed. The terms used for the search were related to prevalence, HIV, insomnia, and advanced age. The inclusion criteria were: cross-sectional, cohort, and longitudinal studies. The accepted data were in patients with the previous diagnosis of HIV in advanced age, those over 50 years; studies that report the frequency of insomnia or insomnia symptoms (accepted symptoms: difficulty in starting sleep, difficulty in maintaining sleep, multiple awakenings during sleep and early awakening). The criteria for exclusion were: clinical trials, animal studies, letters, abstracts, conference proceedings, studies with other sleep scales that did not include insomnia. Results There were 2805 publications found in the database and a further 10 articles were included manually. Of this total, four were included in this review, resulting in a total of 2,227 participants. The prevalence of insomnia in HIV-positive patients over 50 years varied from 12.5% to 76.5%. Conclusion The frequency of insomnia was higher in the profile of the population studied than in the general population. This should be clinically relevant in order to adequately treat and impact on the prognosis of those patient. Support (if any):

Download Full-text

Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014000949 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 695-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Rosana Poggio ◽

Laura Gutierrez ◽

María G Matta ◽

Natalia Elorriaga ◽

Vilma Irazola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Relative Risk ◽

General Population ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Meta Regression ◽

Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to determine whether elevated dietary Na intake could be associated with CVD mortality.DesignWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies representing the general population. The adjusted relative risks and their 95 % confidence intervals were pooled by the inverse variance method using random-effects models. Heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed.SettingsMEDLINE (since 1973), Embase (since 1975), the Cochrane Library (since 1976), ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar (until September 2013) and secondary referencing were searched for inclusion in the study.SubjectEleven prospective studies with 229 785 participants and average follow-up period of 13·37 years (range 5·5–19 years).ResultsHigher Na intake was significantly associated with higher CVD mortality (relative risk=1·12; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·19). In the sensitivity analysis, the exclusion of studies with important relative weights did not significantly affect the results (relative risk=1·08; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·15). The meta-regression analysis showed that for every increase of 10 mmol/d in Na intake, CVD mortality increased significantly by 1 % (P=0·016). Age, hypertensive status and length of follow-up were also associated with increased CVD mortality.ConclusionsHigher Na intake was associated with higher CVD mortality in the general population; this result suggests a reduction in Na intake to prevent CVD mortality from any cause.

Download Full-text