scholarly journals Sorption and desorption kinetics of PFOS to pristine microplastic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettie Cormier ◽  
Flora Borchet ◽  
Anna Kärrman ◽  
Marta Szot ◽  
Leo W. Y. Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Pfos Concentration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractThe sorption processes of persistent organic pollutants on microplastics particles are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study investigated the sorption processes of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) on polyethylene (PE) microplastic particles (MPs) which are representing a prominent environmental pollutant and one of the most abundant microplastic polymers in the aquatic environment, respectively. The focus was set on the investigation of the impact of the particle size on PFOS sorption using four different PE MPs size ranges. The sorption kinetics for 6 months was studied with one selected size range of PE MPs. Besides, the desorption of PFOS from PE MPs under simulated digestive conditions was carried out by using artificial gut fluid mimicking the intestinal juice of fish. The investigation of the size effects of particles over 6 months demonstrated a linear increase of PFOS concentration sorbed onto PE with a decrease of the particle size. Thus, our findings implicate efficient sorption of PFOS onto PE MPs of different sizes. The results showed that PFOS desorbed from the PE MPs into the artificial gut fluid with a rate of 70 to 80%. Besides, a longer exposure of PE MPs to PFOS leads to a higher concentration adsorbed by PE MPs, which may favor the ingestion of higher concentration of PFOS, and thus represents a higher risk to transfer relevant concentrations of PFOS during digestion.

Sorption Kinetics of Non-Ionic Organic Pollutants Onto Suspended Sediments

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Liljestrand ◽  
Y. D. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The results of controlled batch experimental studies of the adsorption and desorption kinetics of dichlorobenzene to 1) size fractionated, washed sediments, 2) aggregate, washed sediment, 3) dissolved/colloidal sediment materials, and 4) bulk sediments,are used to determine the effect of inhomogeneous mixtures on the overall sorption rates. The size-segregated sediments are modeled as spherical particles with a porous outer shell of organic matter for sorption and an inert, inorganic core. The characteristic times of intraparticle diffusive transport are found to vary with particle size by about two orders of magnitude. The distribution of natural organic matter content with particle size results in sorption rates which differ greatly from that predicted by the monodisperse, homogeneous particle model. Coupled, reversible reactions between the solute and each solid size fraction are presented as a conceptual model for the interpretation of the empirical results of batch experiments.

Influence of aluminum location on hydrogen sorption kinetics of magnesium-based materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixue Zhou ◽  
Tonghuan Zhang ◽  
Naifei Wang ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Haili Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Hydrogen Desorption ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Reactive Milling ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Apparent Activation Energies ◽  
Kinetics Of

Hydrogen storage materials from Mg – Al alloy and Mg + Al mixture were prepared by reactive milling under H 2 atmosphere with carbonized anthracite as milling aid. The crystal structure of the materials and influence of Al location on hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics were investigated. Results show that Mg partly got hydrided into β- MgH 2 and γ- MgH 2 during reactive milling. The average crystallite sizes of β- MgH 2 in the as-milled Mg – Al alloy and Mg + Al mixture were calculated by Scherrer equation to be 10 nm and 17 nm, respectively. In the process of hydrogen desorption, the catalytic ability of Al in Mg crystal lattice was not as effective as that on particle surface. The apparent activation energies for hydrogen desorption of the two materials were estimated by Kissinger equation to be 112.2 kJ/mol and 63.7 kJ/mol, respectively. Mg 17 Al 12 reacted with H 2 to convert into MgH 2 and elemental Al during static hydrogenation at 300°C. For the hydrogenated Mg + Al mixture, the obvious increase of crystallite size resulted in a low rate of hydrogen absorption and a high temperature for hydrogen desorption.

Sorption and desorption kinetics of Np(V) on magnetite and hematite

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nakata ◽  
S. Nagasaki ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
Y. Sakamoto ◽  
T. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Desorption Method

Sorption kinetics of Np(V) on magnetite and hematite were investigated, and a sequential desorption method was applied to investigate changes in the chemical form of Np sorbed according to the amount of time they were in contact with the Np solution. It was found that the sorption process consists of fast sorption and slow sorption which reaches equilibrium in 1 h. According to the desorption results, it was conjectured (i) that fast sorption is attributable to sorption on/into the surface and non-crystalline phases of iron oxides for magnetite and hematite in both acidic and alkaline solutions, (ii) that sorption on/into the crystalline phase also contributes to fast sorption for hematite in an alkaline solution, and (iii) that slow sorption represents sorption into the crystalline phase of magnetite in both acidic and alkaline solutions and that of hematite in an acidic solution. From the results of sorption and desorption kinetics, it was concluded that the equilibrium between various chemical forms of sorbed Np was achieved in about 1 week, although the amount of sorbed Np reached an equilibrium in only 1 h.

scholarly journals Particle size distribution factor as an indicator for the impact of the Eyjafjallajökull ash plume at ground level in Augsburg, Germany

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 16417-16437 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pitz ◽  
J. Gu ◽  
J. Soentgen ◽  
A. Peters ◽  
J. Cyrys
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Ash Plume ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. During the time period of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption in 2010 increased mass concentration of PM10 (particulate matter, diameter <10 μm) were observed at ground level in Augsburg, Germany. In particular on 19 and 20 April 2010 the daily PM10 limit value of 50 μg m−3 was exceeded. Because ambient particles are in general a complex mixture originating from different sources, a source apportionment method (positive matrix factorization; PMF) was applied to particle size distribution data in the size range from 3 nm to 10 μm to identify and estimate the volcanic ash contribution to the overall PM10 load in the ambient air in Augsburg. A PMF factor with relevant particle mass concentration in the size range between 1 and 4 μm (maximum at 2 μm) was associated with long range transported dust. This factor increased from background concentration to high levels simultaneously with the arrival of the volcanic ash plume in the planetary boundary layer. Hence, we assume that this factor could be used as an indicator for the impact of the Eyjafjallajökull ash plume on ground level in Augsburg. From 17 to 22 April 2010 long range transported dust factor contributed on average 30.2 % (11.6 μg m−3) to PM10. On 19 April 2010 at 20:00 UTC+1 the maximum percentage of the long range transported dust factor accounted for around 65 % (35 μg m−3) to PM10 and three hours later the maximum absolute value with around 48 μg m−3 (61 %) was observed. Additional PMF analyses for a Saharan dust event occurred in May and June 2008 suggest, that the long range transported dust factor could also be used as an indicator for Saharan dust events.

scholarly journals Particle size distribution factor as an indicator for the impact of the Eyjafjallajökull ash plume at ground level in Augsburg, Germany

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 9367-9374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pitz ◽  
J. Gu ◽  
J. Soentgen ◽  
A. Peters ◽  
J. Cyrys
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Ash Plume ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. During the time period of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption in 2010 increased mass concentration of PM10 (particulate matter, diameter <10 μm) were observed at ground level in Augsburg, Germany. In particular on 19 and 20 April 2010 the daily PM10 limit value of 50 μg m−3 was exceeded. Because ambient particles are in general a complex mixture originating from different sources, a source apportionment method (positive matrix factorization (PMF)) was applied to particle size distribution data in the size range from 3 nm to 10 μm to identify and estimate the volcanic ash contribution to the overall PM10 load in the ambient air in Augsburg. A PMF factor with relevant particle mass concentration in the size range between 1 and 4 μm (maximum at 2 μm) was associated with long range transported dust. This factor increased from background concentration to high levels simultaneously with the arrival of the volcanic ash plume in the planetary boundary layer. Hence, we assume that this factor could be used as an indicator for the impact of the Eyjafjallajökull ash plume on ground level in Augsburg. From 17 to 22 April 2010 long range transported dust factor contributed on average 30 % (12 μg m−3) to PM10. On 19 April 2010 at 20:00 UTC+1 the maximum percentage of the long range transported dust factor accounted for around 65 % (35 μg m−3) to PM10 and three hours later the maximum absolute value with around 48 μg m−3 (61 %) was observed. Additional PMF analyses for a Saharan dust event occurred in May and June 2008 suggest, that the long range transported dust factor could also be used as an indicator for Saharan dust events.

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