scholarly journals Index of Atmospheric Purity reflects the ecological conditions better than the environmental pollution in the Carpathian forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2691-2706
Author(s):  
Magdalena Tanona ◽  
Paweł Czarnota
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
High Degree

Abstract The Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP) is a popular tool used for the assessment of air quality in polluted urban areas, on the basis of phytosociological data of epiphytic lichen communities. We hypothesized that this indicator could also be used in less polluted forest areas to determine the quality of ecological conditions for lichens. The aim of the present study was to verify the use of IAP method in the assessment of environmental pollution, and alternatively for the assessment of general ecological conditions in protected mountain forests of Gorce National Park (Polish Western Carpathians) based on the epiphytic lichen biota associated with Picea abies. The spatial distribution of IAP values on monitored sites in GNP was compared with: 1) spatial distribution of accumulated sulfur, nitrogen, selected heavy metals, and total heavy metals in Hypogymnia physodes thalli in 1993 and 2018 (30 sites), 2) mean ecological indicator values characterizing species requirements for light (L), substrate reaction (R) and nutrients (N), in 1993, 2013 and 2018 (33 sites). Generalized linear model and redundancy analysis were performed for disclosing most influencing factors affecting lichen communities. The study revealed a few negligible relationships between IAP values and accumulation of such elements as Ni, Mn, Cd, and Cr in both monitoring periods. Simultaneously, IAP can be useful for the identification of forest areas with a high degree of naturalness.

Monitoring the Anthropogenic Toxicity of Spontaneous Flora in Neamt County through Studies of the Honey Bee Chemical Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2150-2159
Author(s):  
Dan Bodescu ◽  
George Ungureanu ◽  
Radu Adrian Moraru ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Costica Bejinariu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Energy Productivity

The products of honey bees can be used as indicators and monitors of a variety of environmental pollutants because of the bees� ability to collect materials that reflect their immediate environmental conditions. Human activities produce more waste and administrate the pesticides, the amounts and toxicity of which often exceed the environment�s homeostatic capacity to cleanse itself, and this is constantly transforming due to intensive agricultural practices necessary to increase food production as human population grows. The main sources for contamination of honey with heavy metals are represented by placing hives near urban areas with heavy car traffic, or industrialized areas and the use on the entire circuit of production, objects or containers made of materials unsuitable (unacceptable). For that reason regular monitoring of the environment is so important. Honey bees, thanks to their morphological features, and also bee products are regarded as good indicators of environmental pollution by toxic substances, be these heavy metals, radioactive elements or persistent organic pollutants such as pesticides. Consequently, it is important to estimate the environmental fate and Eco toxicological effects of these different xenobiotic. Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have been used as biological indicators of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) in two intensely cultivated in areas of Neamt County, Romania. This area is representative for the pre-mountain and mountain zone of Romania. The stratified sample has been face-to-face interviewed in 2016 regarding the data from the year 2015. The total consumption specific for the honey production was about 628 MJ hive-1, and the energy output reached 235 MJ hive-1, determining an energy productivity of 0.030 kg MJ-1 and an energy use efficiency of 0.37. Specific energy amounted 33.3MJ kg-1 due to the inefficiency of traveling during the apiaries movements and the inappropriate correlation between the apiaries size and the zonal melliferous potential. In this paper available literature data and information on the morphological features of the honey bee, the utilization of the honey bee and its products as indicators of environmental pollution, and a historical outline of some of the legislation relating to beekeeping have been critically compared and discussed.

A Numerical Study of the Concentration of Some Heavy Metals in Tasmanian Oysters

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Ratkowsky ◽  
S. J. Thrower ◽  
I. J. Eustace ◽  
June Olley
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Numerical Classification ◽  
Urbanized Areas

Inferential techniques of numerical classification and principal coordinate analysis have been used to interpret data obtained on the Zn, Cd, and Cu concentration of 48 samples of oysters, comprising 473 individuals, grown at a variety of places around the Tasmanian coastline. A close association was obtained between proximity to heavily urbanized areas and concentration of metals found, oysters growing nearest urban areas having the highest concentrations of one or more of the metals. It appears that areas for commercial oyster growing should be sought in regions far from centers of urbanization and industrialization. Examination of samples of native oysters could be useful in providing an index or measure of environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the environment of the city of Vladivostok

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Botir Giyasov ◽  
Ruslan Giyasov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
The City

The problem of environment degradation in cities due to the development of megalopolises is demanding urgent attention. The rapid growth of modern cities caused by the need to improve the living conditions contributes to the construction of new buildings and structures, the development of transport and engineering networks. As a result, the density of urban environment increases, the congestion of transport networks increases, leading to environmental pollution and aggravating the environmental situation in cities. The article is devoted to the analysis of the environment of major cities in Russia using the example of the city of Vladivostok. The main factors influencing the environmental pollution, which are characteristic only of modern cities, have been identified. The relationship between energy consumption by various branches of the economy and environmental pollution has been established. Using the example of the city of Vladivostok, the analysis of the aerodynamics of the urban space is carried out, and the parameters for changing the wind speed with the changes in the height of the building have been revealed. The role of convective flows in improving the urban environment has been justified. The main reasons aggravating the environment of cities have been found out. These include significant harmful emissions from vehicles and air exchange in urban areas disturbed due to dense buildings, which leads to a high concentration of harmful substances that pollute the city.

scholarly journals Mapping and Spatial Pattern Analysis of COVID -19 in Central Iran Using the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Jesri ◽  
Abedin Saghafipour ◽  
Alireza Koopaei ◽  
Babak Farzinnia ◽  
Moharram Karami Jooshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Districts ◽  
Geographical Factors

Abstract Background: Using geographical analysis to identify geographical factors affecting the prevalence of COVID-19 infection can effect on public health policies to control of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial analysis of COVID-19 regions in Qom Province, using the local indicators of spatial association (LISA). In a descriptive-analytical study, the total number of individuals infected with COVID-19 in Qom Province, from February 19, to September 2020, were included in the study. The spatial distribution in urban areas was determined using the Moran coefficient in GIS. in addition, the spatial autocorrelation of the coronavirus in the different urban districts of the province was calculated using LISA method. Results: The prevalence of COVID -19 in Qom province was estimated to be 356.75 per 100,000 populations. The pattern of spatial distribution of the prevalence of COVID -19 in Qom was clustered. The District 3 (Imam Khomeini St.), and District 6 (Imamzadeh Ebrahim St.), were set in HH category of LISA as two foci of COVID-19 in Qom province. Conclusions: Based on LISA, District 1 (Bajak) of urban districts was set in LH category. It means this district is located in a low value area surrounded by high values. One of the most important geographical factors affecting the incidence of coronavirus is based on spatial distribution model, distance and spatial proximity. So, health policy makers, should impose more restrictions on the observance of health protocols to control of the coronavirus.

scholarly journals First Description of Various Bacteria Resistant to Heavy Metals and Antibiotics Isolated from Polluted Sites in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMAR BEN MILOUD ◽  
OLFA DZIRI ◽  
SANA FERJANI ◽  
MUNTASIR MD ALI ◽  
MOHAMED MYSARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
High Degree

Environmental bacteria belonging to various families were isolated from polluted water collected from ten different sites in Tunisia. Sites were chosen near industrial and urban areas known for their high degree of pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate cross-resistance between heavy metals (HM), i.e., silver, mercury and copper (Ag, Hg, and Cu), and antibiotics. In an initial screening, 80 isolates were selected on ampicillin, and 39 isolates, retained for further analysis, could grow on a Tris-buffered mineral medium with gluconate as carbon source. Isolates were identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence. Results showed the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes, especially all isolates harbored the blaTEM gene. Some of them (15.38%) harbored blaSHV. Moreover, several were even ESBLs and MBLs-producers, which can threaten the human health. On the other hand, 92.30%, 56.41%, and 51.28% of the isolates harbored the heavy metals resistance genes silE, cusA, and merA, respectively. These genes confer resistance to silver, copper, and mercury. A cross-resistance between antibiotics and heavy metals was detected in 97.43% of our isolates.

Factors Affecting Financial Literacy of Vietnamese Adults: A Case Study for Hanoi and Nghe An

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tue Nguyen Dang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financial Behaviors ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Literacy Level

This research examines the factors affecting the financial literacy of Vietnamese adults. Using a sample of 266 observations of adults in 2 big cities in Vietnam (Hanoi and Vinh in Nghe An Province), the author evaluates the literacy level of adults in these urban areas. The financial literacy of the interviewed people is low. The multiple regression results show that lower financial literacy levels associate with higher age and married status and higher financial literacy levels associate with higher education, more family members, the person making financial decisions and the person attending a useful financial course. This research also explores the association between financial literacy and financial behaviors of individuals employing logistic models. It is found that higher financial literacy associates with less probability of overspending and higher probability of saving money and careful spending. Higher financial literacy is also found to associate with higher probability of opening a savings account and making various investments. 

Агрономическая эффективность промышленной (голландской) технологии возделывания картофеля

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coy ◽  
A.V. Shuravilin ◽  
O.A. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния промышленной технологии возделывания картофеля на развитие, урожайность и качество продукции. Выявлена положительная реакция растений на подкормку K2SO4 в период посадки. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ урожайности и качества клубней выявил высокую степень достоверности результатов опыта. Содержание нитратов и тяжелых металлов в клубнях было ниже допустимых величин.The results of studies on the impact of industrial technology of potato cultivation on growth, yield and quality of products. There was a positive response of plants to fertilizer K2SO4 in the period of planting. Correlation and regression analysis of yield and quality of tubers revealed a high degree of reliability of the results of experience. The contents of nitrates and heavy metals in tubers was below the permissible values.

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