Alterations of dynamic functional connectivity between visual and executive-control networks in schizophrenia

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevailing chronic mental disorder with lifetime recurring episodes. Recurrent depression (RD) has been reported to be associated with greater severity of depression, higher relapse rate and prominent functioning impairments than first-episode depression (FED), suggesting the progressive nature of depression. However, there is still little evidence regarding brain functional connectome. In this study, 95 medication-free MDD patients (35 with FED and 60 with RD) and 111 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. After six months of treatment with paroxetine, 56 patients achieved clinical remission and finished their second scan. Network-based statistics analysis was used to explore the changes in functional connectivity. The results revealed that, compared with HCs, patients with FED exhibited hypoconnectivity in the somatomotor, default mode and dorsal attention networks, and RD exhibited hyperconnectivity in the somatomotor, salience, executive control, default mode and dorsal attention networks, as well as within and between salience and executive control networks. Moreover, the disrupted components in patients with current MDD did not change significantly when the patients achieved remission after treatment, and sub-hyperconnectivity and sub-hypoconnectivity were still found in those with remitted RD. Additionally, the hypoconnectivity in FED and hyperconnectivity in RD were associated with the number of episodes and total illness duration. This study provides initial evidence supporting that impairment of intrinsic functional connectivity across the course of depression is a progressive process.

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A Reproducible Neurobiology of Depressive Rumination

10.1101/365759 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

D.A. Pisner ◽

J. Shumake ◽

C.G. Beevers ◽

D.M. Schnyer

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Executive Control ◽

Structural Basis ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Control Networks ◽

Depressive Rumination ◽

White Matter Microstructure ◽

The Right

AbstractDepressive Rumination (DR), which involves a repetitive focus on one’s distress, has been linked to alterations in functional connectivity of the ‘triple-network’, consisting of Default-Mode, Salience, and Executive Control networks. A structural basis for these functional alterations that can dually explain DR’s persistence as a stable trait remains unexplored, however. Using diffusion and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we investigated multimodal relationships between DR severity, white-matter microstructure, and resting-state functional connectivity in depressed adults, and then directly replicated our results in a phenotypically-matched, independent sample (total N = 78). Among the fully-replicated findings, DR severity was associated with: (a) global microstructure of the right Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus and local microstructure of distributed primary-fiber and crossing-fiber white-matter; (b) an imbalance of functional connectivity segregation and integration of the triple-network; and (c) ‘multi-layer’ associations linking these microstructural and functional connectivity biomarkers to one another. Taken together, the results provide reproducible evidence for a multi-layer, microstructural-functional network model of rumination in the depressed brain.

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Eating in the absence of hunger in young children is related to brain reward network hyperactivity and reduced functional connectivity in executive control networks

Pediatric Obesity ◽

10.1111/ijpo.12502 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. e12502 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Allison L. B. Shapiro ◽

Susan L. Johnson ◽

Brianne Sutton ◽

Kristina T. Legget ◽

Dana Dabelea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Young Children ◽

Executive Control ◽

Control Networks ◽

Brain Reward ◽

Reward Network

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Salience network dynamics underlying successful resistance of temptation

10.1101/129676 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Rosa Steimke ◽

Jason S. Nomi ◽

Vince D Calhoun ◽

Christine Stelzel ◽

Lena M. Paschke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Target Location ◽

Network Dynamics ◽

Self Control ◽

Salience Network ◽

Primary Role ◽

Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽

Control Networks

AbstractSelf-control and the ability to resist temptation are critical for successful completion of long-term goals. Contemporary models in cognitive neuroscience emphasize the primary role of prefrontal cognitive control networks in aligning behavior with such goals. Here we use gaze pattern analysis and dynamic functional connectivity fMRI data to explore how individual differences in the ability to resist temptation are related to intrinsic brain dynamics of the cognitive control and salience networks. Behaviorally, individuals exhibit greater gaze distance from target location (e.g. higher distractibility) during presentation of tempting erotic images compared with neutral images. Individuals whose intrinsic dynamic functional connectivity patterns gravitate towards configurations in which salience detection systems are less strongly coupled with visual systems resist tempting distractors more effectively. The ability to resist tempting distractors was not significantly related to intrinsic dynamics of the cognitive control network. These results suggest that susceptibility to temptation is governed in part by individual differences in salience network dynamics, and provide novel evidence for involvement of brain systems outside canonical cognitive control networks in contributing to individual differences in self-control.

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Language Network Connectivity Increases in Early Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201584 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Aurélie Pistono ◽

Mehdi Senoussi ◽

Laura Guerrier ◽

Marie Rafiq ◽

Mélanie Gimeno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Executive Control ◽

Resting State ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Control Networks ◽

Multivariate Pattern ◽

Mci Due To Ad ◽

Language Network

Background: Language production deficits occur early in the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, only a few studies have focused on language network’s functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD. Objective: The current study aims to uncover the extent of language alteration at the MCI stage, at a behavioral and neural level, using univariate and multivariate analyses of structural MRI and resting-state fMRI. Methods: Twenty-four MCI due to AD participants and 24 matched healthy controls underwent a comprehensive language evaluation, a structural T1-3D MRI, and resting-state fMRI. We performed seed-based analyses, using the left inferior frontal gyrus and left posterior temporal gyrus as seeds. Then, we analyzed connectivity between executive control networks and language network in each group. Finally, we used multivariate pattern analyses to test whether the two groups could be distinguished based on the pattern of atrophy within the language network; within the executive control networks, as well as the pattern of functional connectivity within the language network and within the executive control networks. Results: MCI due to AD participants had language impairment during standardized language tasks and connected-speech production. Regarding functional connectivity, univariate analyses were not able to discriminate participants, while multivariate pattern analyses could significantly predict participants’ group. Language network’s functional connectivity could discriminate MCI due to AD participants better than executive control networks. Most notably, they revealed an increased connectivity at the MCI stage, positively correlated with language performance. Conclusion: Multivariate analyses represent a useful tool for investigating the functional and structural (re-)organization of the neural bases of language.

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Toward a Neural Model of the Openness-Psychoticism Dimension: Functional Connectivity in the Default and Frontoparietal Control Networks

10.31234/osf.io/7uzmj ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Scott D. Blain ◽

Rachael Grazioplene ◽

Yizhou Ma ◽

Colin G. DeYoung

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Neural Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Control Networks ◽

Psychosis Proneness ◽

Human Connectome Project ◽

Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽

Personality Psychopathology

Psychosis proneness has been linked to heightened Openness to Experience and to cognitive deficits. Openness and psychotic disorders are associated with the default and frontoparietal networks, and the latter network is also robustly associated with intelligence. We tested the hypothesis that functional connectivity of the default and frontoparietal networks is a neural correlate of the openness-psychoticism dimension. Participants in the Human Connectome Project (N = 1003) completed measures of psychoticism, openness, and intelligence. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify intrinsic connectivity networks. Structural equation modeling revealed relations among personality, intelligence, and network coherence. Psychoticism, openness, and especially their shared variance, were related positively to default network coherence and negatively to frontoparietal coherence. These associations remained after controlling for intelligence. Intelligence was positively related to frontoparietal coherence. Research suggests psychoticism and openness are linked in part through their association with connectivity in networks involving experiential simulation and cognitive control. We propose a model of psychosis risk that highlights roles of the default and frontoparietal networks. Findings echo research on functional connectivity in psychosis patients, suggesting shared mechanisms across the personality-psychopathology continuum.

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