scholarly journals Replication of CNTNAP2 association with nonword repetition and support for FOXP2 association with timed reading and motor activities in a dyslexia family sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Peter ◽  
Wendy H. Raskind ◽  
Mark Matsushita ◽  
Mark Lisowski ◽  
Tiffany Vu ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3700-3713
Author(s):  
Saleh Shaalan

Purpose This study examined the performance of Gulf Arabic–speaking children with developmental language disorder (DLD) on a Gulf Arabic nonword repetition (GA-NWR) test and compared it to their age- and language-matched groups. We also investigated the role of syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity in light of NWR theories. Method A new GA-NWR test was conducted with three groups of Gulf Arabic–speaking children: school-age children with DLD, language-matched controls (LCs), and age-matched controls (ACs). The test consisted of two- and three-syllable words that either had no clusters, medial clusters, final clusters, or medial + final clusters. Results The GA-NWR distinguished between the performance of children with DLD and the LC and AC groups. Results showed significant syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity effects. Differences between the DLD and typically developing groups were seen in two- and three-syllable nonwords; however, when compared on nonwords with no clusters, children with DLD were not significantly different from the LC group. Conclusions The GA-NWR test differentiated between children with DLD and their ACs and LCs. Findings, therefore, support its clinical utility in this variety of Arabic. Results showed that phonological processing factors, such as phonological complexity, may have stronger effects when compared to syllable length effects. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12996812


2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Sara C. Steele ◽  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich

Nonword repetition performance has been shown to differentiate monolingual English-speaking children with language impairment (LI) from typically developing children. These tasks have been administered to monolingual speakers of different languages and to simultaneous and sequential bilingual English Language Learners (ELLs) with mixed results. This article includes a review of the nonword repetition performance of monolingual and bilingual speakers and of internationally adopted children. Clinical implications for administration and interpretation of nonword repetition task outcomes are included.


Author(s):  
Rene Zeelenberg ◽  
Eric-Jan Wagenmakers ◽  
Mark Steyvers ◽  
Richard M. Shiffrjn ◽  
Jeroen G. W. Raaijmakers

Author(s):  
Terry R. Greene ◽  
Susan E. Houston ◽  
Candace C. Reinsmith ◽  
Edward S. Reed
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Sofnidar ◽  
Hartina ◽  
Kamid ◽  
Khairul Anwar

Prilaku belajar adalah suatu sikap y ang muncul dari diri siswa dalam menanggapi dan meresponi setiap kegiatan belajar mengajar yang terjadi. salah satu wujud dari prilaku adalah motivasi belajar. Menurut teori behavioristik, belajar adalah perubahan tingkah laku sebagai akibat adanya interaksi antara stimulus (rangsangan) dan respon (tanggapan). Stimulus yang diberikan guru dalam pembelajaran tertuang dalam rancangan aktifitas pembelajaran. Aktivitas pembelajaran merupakan kegiatan yang dirancang guru untuk mewujudkan dan atau menciptkan kondisi belajar siswa (stimulus). Pemilihan aktivitas belajar yang sesuai memungkinkan untuk terjadinya efektivitas pedagogis dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, maupun dapat membentuk prilaku positif siswa (respon) dalam belajar. Desain pembelajaran berbasis outdoor-medelling mathematics memuat serangkain aktivitas kegiatan pembelajaran yang berbassis investigasi konteks masalah outdoor (masalah real life) dengan muatan konten materi modeling mathematics. Pada makalah ini akan membahas prilaku belajar dan bagaimana motivasi terbentuk melaui aktifitas kegiatan pebelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics yang diklasifikasikan menjadi motoractivities mentalactivities, visualactivities, emotionalactivities, motoractivitie.Melalui metode kulitatif deskriptif, dengan mengambil 20 siswa kelas IX-B SMP N 1 Muaro Jambi yang mempunyai gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik. Setelah pelaksanaan pembelajaran, pengambilan data dilakukan melalui angket, dan lembar pengamatan beserta wawancara ke subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran yang dapat memotivasi siswa belajar matematika adalah visualactivities sebesar 74,16%; motoractivities sebesar 96,67%; mentalactivities sebesar 71,66%; dan emotionalactivities sebesar 73,33%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics matematika yang paling dominan dapat memotivasi siswa belajar adalah motoractivities dengan persentasi 96,67% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan sangat memotivasi siswa belajar matematika dalam pembelajaran luar kelas. Indikatornya adalah melakukan percobaan. Kelebihan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics adalah, aktivitas belajar lebih membuat siswa termotivasi untuk belajar matematika. Siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan interaksi dengan teman sesamanya semakin meningkat juga. Adapun kelemahan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran luar kelas adalah sulit untuk siswa terfokus dalam aktivitas belajar yang sedang dilakukan.   Learning behavior is an attitude that arises from students in responding and responding to each teaching and learning activity that occurs. one form of behavior is learning motivation. According to behavioristic theory, learning is a change in behavior as a result of an interaction between stimulus (stimulus) and response (response). The stimulus given by the teacher in learning is contained in the design of learning activities. Learning activities are activities designed by the teacher to realize and or create the conditions for student learning (stimulus). Selection of appropriate learning activities allows for the occurrence of pedagogical effectiveness in achieving learning goals, and can form positive student behavior (response) in learning. Outdoor-based learning mathematics learning design contains a series of learning activities based on the context of outdoor problems (real life problems) with the content of modeling mathematics material. In this paper will discuss learning behavior and how motivation is formed through the activities of learning activities outdoor-modeling mathematics which are classified into mental activities, visual activities, emotional activities, motor activities. Through the descriptive qualitative method, taking 20 students of class IX-B Muaro Jambi Middle School 1 who have visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles. after the implementation of learning, data retrieval was carried out through questionnaires, and observation sheets and interviews to the research subjects. The results showed that learning activities in learning that could motivate students to learn mathematics were visual activities at 74.16%, motor activities at 96.67%, mental activities at 71.66%, and emotional activities at 73.33 %%. Based on the results of the analysis carried out learning activities in mathematics outdoor-modeling mathematics learning the most dominant motivating students to learn is motor activities with a percentage of 96.67% with very good criteria and very motivating students to learn mathematics in learning outside the classroom. The indicator is to experiment. The advantages of learning activities in outdoor-modeling mathematics learning are that learning activities make students more motivated to learn mathematics. Students become more active and interactions with their peers also increase. The weaknesses of learning activities in learning outside the classroom is difficult for students to focus on the learning activities that are being done.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Hobeika ◽  
Matthieu Ghilain ◽  
Loris Schiaratura ◽  
Micheline Lesaffre ◽  
Dominique Huvent-Grelle ◽  
...  

AbstractAlthough music therapy may engender clinical benefits in patients with neurodegenerative disease, the impacts of social and musical factors of such activities on socio-emotional and motor engagements are poorly understood. To address this issue, non-verbal behaviors of 97 patients with or without major cognitive impairment (CI) were assessed when listening to music or a metronome in front of a musician who was present physically (live) or virtually (video). Socio-emotional engagement was quantified as emotional facial expression production and gaze direction. Motor engagement was quantified as overall body motion and the production of rhythmic movements. In both groups, positive facial expressions were more frequent and rhythmic motor activities lasted longer with music than with a metronome, and during a live performance rather than a video performance. Relative to patients without CI, patients with CI moved less with music, expressed fewer emotions, and spent less time looking at the musician in the video condition and in the metronome condition. The relative reductions in motor and socio-emotional engagements in patients with CI might be markers of disease progression. However, the presence of a live partner induces older adults to engage emotionally and physically in musical activities emphasizing the relevance of using live performance as motivational levers during music therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Stefania C. Ficarella ◽  
Andrea Desantis ◽  
Alexandre Zénon ◽  
Boris Burle

Motor preparation, based on one’s goals and expectations, allows for prompt reactions to stimulations from the environment. Proactive and reactive inhibitory mechanisms modulate this preparation and interact to allow a flexible control of responses. In this study, we investigate these two control mechanisms with an ad hoc cued Go/NoGo Simon paradigm in a within-subjects design, and by measuring subliminal motor activities through electromyographic recordings. Go cues instructed participants to prepare a response and wait for target onset to execute it (Go target) or inhibit it (NoGo target). Proactive inhibition keeps the prepared response in check, hence preventing false alarms. Preparing the cue-coherent effector in advance speeded up responses, even when it turned out to be the incorrect effector and reactive inhibition was needed to perform the action with the contralateral one. These results suggest that informative cues allow for the investigation of the interaction between proactive and reactive action inhibition. Partial errors’ analysis suggests that their appearance in compatible conflict-free trials depends on cue type and prior preparatory motor activity. Motor preparation plays a key role in determining whether proactive inhibition is needed to flexibly control behavior, and it should be considered when investigating proactive/reactive inhibition.


2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Washington ◽  
Holly K. Craig

Language screenings represent an important tool for early identification of language impairments in young children between 3 and 5 years of age. This investigation examined the utility of a well-established set of assessment measures for screening young African American children. One hundred and ninety-six children participated in the screening. Based upon the outcomes of the screening, 25 children who failed and a random sample of 56 children who passed were administered a larger language and cognitive assessment battery. Sensitivity and specificity of the screening were determined to be high. The number of different words, the Kaufman Nonverbal Scale, and nonword repetition accounted for a significant amount of the variance in performance. The screening is brief, valid, and culturally fair for use with preschool- and kindergarten-aged African American children living in urban settings.


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