The triggering signal dictates the effect of docosahexaenoic acid on lymphocyte function in vitro

Lipids ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 869-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Jenski ◽  
John M. Scherer ◽  
LaDawn D. Caldwell ◽  
Victori A. Ney ◽  
William Stillwell
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Lymphocyte Function

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Compromises Lymphocyte Function in Neonatal Dairy Calves

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wilmer Cuervo ◽  
Lorraine M. Sordillo ◽  
Angel Abuelo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Impact

Dairy calves are unable to mount an effective immune response during their first weeks of life, which contributes to increased disease susceptibility during this period. Oxidative stress (OS) diminishes the immune cell capabilities of humans and adult cows, and dairy calves also experience OS during their first month of life. However, the impact that OS may have on neonatal calf immunity remains unexplored. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the impact of OS on newborn calf lymphocyte functions. For this, we conducted two experiments. First, we assessed the association of OS status throughout the first month of age and the circulating concentrations of the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL) 4, as well as the expression of cytokine-encoding genes IFNG, IL2, IL4, and IL10 in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) of 12 calves. Subsequently, we isolated PBMCs from another 6 neonatal calves to investigate in vitro the effect of OS on immune responses in terms of activation of lymphocytes, cytokine expression, and antibody production following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or bovine herpesvirus-1. The results were compared statistically through mixed models. Calves exposed to high OS status in their first month of age showed higher concentrations of IL-4 and expression of IL4 and IL10 and lower concentrations of IFN-γ and expression of IFNG and IL2 than calves exposed to lower OS. In vitro, OS reduced lymphocyte activation, production of antibodies, and protein and gene expression of key cytokines. Collectively, our results demonstrate that OS can compromise some immune responses of newborn calves. Hence, further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of how OS affects the different lymphocyte subsets and the potential of ameliorating OS in newborn calves as a strategy to augment the functional capacity of calf immune cells, as well as enhance calves’ resistance to infections.

In vitro study of docosahexaenoic acid incorporation into phosphatidylcholine by enzymes of rat heart

1990 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Bouroudian ◽  
Gilles Nalbone ◽  
Alain Grynberg ◽  
Jeannie Leonardi ◽  
Huguette Lafont
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Acid Incorporation

An in vitro study of the role of docosahexaenoic acid in human tau protein aggregation

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (14) ◽  
pp. 3176-3181
Author(s):  
Elham Sadat Mostafavi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nasiri Khalili ◽  
Sirus Khodadadi ◽  
Gholam Hossein Riazi
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals A Device and Methodology for Continuous Hypothermic Perfusion of Explanted Large Mammalian Hearts, Followed by In Vitro Langendorff Reanimation: Pilot Studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin M. Brusen ◽  
Christopher D. Rolfes ◽  
Stephen A. Howard ◽  
Michael G. Bateman ◽  
Paul A. Iaizzo
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Preservation Solution ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Crystalloid Solution ◽  
Hypothermic Perfusion ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

The current methodologies of clinical heart transplantation limit the ischemic window to 4–6 h. Periods longer than this can induce dysfunction in the organ and can lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality. An alternative to the current methods of static cold storage (CS) is continuous hypothermic perfusion (CHP), where a hypothermic oxygenated crystalloid solution is mechanically perfused through the coronary arteries. This has been shown to preserve the function for up to 72 h, but the techniques have yet to be optimized. We have developed an apparatus and methodology for performing CHP on large mammalian hearts, followed by reanimation in our in vitro Langendorff apparatus (The Visible HeartTM). We are also investigating the utility of the cardioprotective agents docosahexaenoic acid and [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin, both of which have shown cardioprotective effects in our laboratory, and we believe that their addition to the preservation solution can further extend the transplant window. A series of pilot studies has been performed to date, with modestly successful results. Hearts preserved with CHP seem to show better functionality than CS hearts but far worse functionality than hearts reanimated immediately after explant. We hope to use this system to optimize CHP methodology and eventually develop a system for prolonging the window for heart transplantation.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE LYMPHOCYTE IN IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIONS IN VITRO

1966 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
William McFarland ◽  
Dorothy H. Heilman ◽  
John F. Moorhead
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Mixed Leukocyte Reaction ◽  
Cell Debris ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Immunological Reactions

The motile lymphocyte in vitro has a prominent "tail" that becomes a means of "attachment" to other cells and debris during interaction. The term "uropod" is proposed to designate this specialized cytoplasmic projection which appears totally different, anatomically and functionally, from the pseudopods. Observations of lymphoblasts during mitosis indicate that the uropod is formed immediately following mitosis at the point of final cytoplasmic connection between daughter cells, a fact that may prove significant as lymphocyte function is better understood. In the mixed leukocyte reaction the lymphocyte interacts with macrophages, cell debris, and lymphoblasts via the uropod, suggesting that stimulatory material may be acquired through this specialized appendage. Lymphoblast-lymphocyte interaction is noteworthy and implies that immunologically committed cells may be mustered through horizontal as well as vertical processes: horizontally by lymphoblast-lymphocyte interaction and vertically by mitosis of transformed lymphoblasts. The possible relevance of these in vitro observations to lymphocyte functions in vivo is discussed.

scholarly journals Presence of TRPA1 Modifies CD4+/CD8+ T Lymphocyte Ratio and Activation

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Katalin Szabó ◽  
Ágnes Kemény ◽  
Noémi Balázs ◽  
Esam Khanfar ◽  
Zoltán Sándor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Targeted Deletion ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor

Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has been reported to influence neuroinflammation and lymphocyte function. We analysed the immune phenotype and activation characteristics of TRPA1-deficient mice (knockout—KO) generated by targeted deletion of the pore-loop domain of the ion channel. We compared TRPA1 mRNA and protein expression in monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations isolated from primary and secondary lymphatic organs of wild type (WT) and KO mice. qRT-PCR and flow cytometric studies indicated a higher level of TRPA1 in monocytes than in lymphocytes, but both were orders of magnitude lower than in sensory neurons. We found lower CD4+/CD8+ thymocyte ratios, diminished CD4/CD8 rates, and B cell numbers in the KO mice. Early activation marker CD69 was lower in CD4+ T cells of KO, while the level of CD8+/CD25+ cells was higher. In vitro TcR-mediated activation did not result in significant differences in CD69 level between WT and KO splenocytes, but lower cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, and RANTES) secretion was observed in KO splenocytes. Basal intracellular Ca2+ level and TcR-induced Ca2+ signal in T lymphocytes did not differ significantly, but interestingly, imiquimod-induced Ca2+ level in KO thymocytes was higher. Our results support the role of TRPA1 in the regulation of activation, cytokine production, and T and B lymphocytes composition in mice.

scholarly journals Lymphokine abnormalities in aplastic anemia: implications for the mechanism of action of antithymocyte globulin

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
P Gascon ◽  
NC Zoumbos ◽  
G Scala ◽  
JY Djeu ◽  
JG Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Flow Microfluorometry ◽  
Nonadherent Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Response

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) provides effective therapy for many patients with aplastic anemia, and its mechanism of action has been presumed to be secondary to lymphocytotoxicity. However, our studies of lymphocyte function in aplastic anemia show marked abnormalities of lymphokine production, which ATG may modulate. In 12 of 17 patients with aplastic anemia, interleukin 2 (IL2) production was markedly elevated in vitro (P less than .01 by paired statistical analysis). Expression of the IL2 receptor, or Tac antigen, on peripheral lymphocytes assessed by flow microfluorometry was also increased above the normal range in 11 of 15 cases. Studies of ATG suggested that it might act to stimulate lymphocyte function. In vitro, ATG is a mitogen, as measured by incorporation of 3H-thymidine into blood mononuclear cells; the response of cells to ATG from patients with aplastic anemia was exaggerated in comparison with normals. Cell proliferation was accompanied by production of IL2 to levels that were, in some cases, similar to those obtained with lectin stimulation. Finally, supernatants from lymphocytes cultured in the presence of ATG were able to replace adherent cells in providing growth factors for the support of nonadherent cells in methylcellulose hematopoietic colony assays. These results provide a mechanism for an “immunostimulatory” action of ATG in effecting hematopoietic response in some patients with aplastic anemia.

Evaluating the In Vitro Metabolism of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Sheep Rumen Fluid

Lipids ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Aldai ◽  
Gonzalo Hervás ◽  
Álvaro Belenguer ◽  
Pilar Frutos ◽  
Angel R. Mantecón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Metabolism ◽  
Sheep Rumen

scholarly journals PAH- and PCB-induced Alterations of Protein Tyrosine Kinase and Cytokine Gene Transcription in Harbor Seal (Phoca Vitulina) PBMC

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. C. Neale ◽  
Thomas P. Kenny ◽  
Ronald S. Tjeerdema ◽  
M. Eric Gershwin
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Harbor Seal ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Protein Tyrosine

Mechanisms underlyingin vitroimmunomodulatory effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated in harbor seal peripheral leukocytes, via real-time PCR. We examined the relative genetic expression of the protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs)FynandItk, which play a critical role in T cell activation, and IL-2, a cytokine of central importance in initiating adaptive immune responses. IL-1, the macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory cytokine of innate immunity, was also included as a measure of macrophage function. Harbor seal PBMC were exposed to the prototypic immunotoxic PAH benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-169), a model immunotoxic PCB, or DMSO (vehicle control). Exposure of Con A-stimulated harbor seal PBMC to both BaP and CB-169 produced significantly altered expression in all four targets relative to vehicle controls. The PTKsFynandItkwere both up-regulated following exposure to BaP and CB-169. In contrast, transcripts for IL-2 and IL-1 were decreased relative to controls by both treatments. Our findings are consistent with those of previous researchers working with human and rodent systems and support a hypothesis of contaminant-altered lymphocyte function mediated (at least in part) by disruption of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and cytokine production.

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