scholarly journals An Overall Furnace Model for the Silicomanganese Process

JOM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Sparta ◽  
Vetle Kjær Risinggård ◽  
Kristian Etienne Einarsrud ◽  
Svenn Anton Halvorsen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Process Chemistry ◽  
Process Complexity ◽  
Submerged Arc

AbstractControlling and optimizing smelting processes in submerged-arc furnaces are complicated by the limited amount of information available regarding the internal conditions. Computer models can help to bridge this knowledge gap. Due to the process complexity, computer models are commonly restricted to electrical conditions, thermal conditions, or chemical reactions, for instance. We have developed an overall model for a pilot-scale silicomanganese furnace that simultaneously considers electrical and thermal conditions, process chemistry, and flow of solid and liquid substances. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive silicomanganese furnace model. The model has been compared to experimental data. Using information about the inner state of the furnace provided by the model, we are able to predict and explain an increase in temperature during over-coking as well as changes in the product compositions.

Submerged-Arc Furnaces for Smelting Aluminum Ores

JOM ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Glasser ◽  
W. E. Few
Keyword(s):  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Submerged Arc

The Properties of Carbon Blends in Submerged arc Furnaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit R Surup ◽  
Nicholas Smith-Hanssen ◽  
Merete Tangstad
Keyword(s):  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Submerged Arc

scholarly journals Multi-task Bayesian Optimization of Chemical Reactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobi Felton ◽  
Daniel Wigh ◽  
Alexei Lapkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Bayesian Optimization ◽  
Reaction Optimization ◽  
Similar Chemical

Recent work has shown how Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient method for optimizing expensive experiments such as chemical reactions. However, in previous studies, each optimization has been started from scratch with no information about previous or similar chemical optimization studies. Therefore, BO can still require more iterations than many experimental budgets provide. Here, we overcome this challenge using multi-task BO. Through<i> in silico</i> benchmarking studies, we show how past experimental data can be leveraged to improve the quality and speed of reaction optimization.

scholarly journals The Combination of Narrative News and VR Games: Comparison of Various Forms of News Games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Feng ◽  
Makoto Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Text Format ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Learning Platforms

The information explosion makes it easier to ignore information that requires social attention, and news games can make that information stand out. There is also considerable research that shows that people are more likely to remember narrative content. Virtual environments can also increase the amount of information a person can recall. If these elements are blended together, it may help people remember important information. This research aims to provide directional results for researchers interested in combining VR and narrative, enumerating the advantages and limitations of using text or non-text plot prompts in news games. It also provides hints for the use of virtual environments as learning platforms in news games. The research method is to first derive a theoretical derivation, then create a sample of news games, and then compare the experimental data of the sample to prove the theory. The research compares the survey data of a VR game that presents a story in non-text format (Group VR), a game that presents the story in non-text format (Group NVR), a VR game that presents the story in text (Group VRIT), and a game that presents the story in text (Group NVRIT) will be compared and analyzed. This paper describes the experiment. The results of the experiment show that among the four groups, the means that can make subjects remember the most information is a VR news game with a storyline. And there is a positive correlation between subjects' experience and confidence in recognizing memories, and empathy is positively correlated with the correctness of memories. In addition, the effects of "VR," "experience," and "presenting a story from text or video" on the percentage of correct answers differed depending on the type of question.

scholarly journals Combining of Narrative News and VR Games: Comparison of Various Forms of News Games

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Feng ◽  
Makoto Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Text Format ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Learning Platforms

The information explosion makes it easier to ignore information that requires social attention, and news games can make that information stand out. There is also considerable research that shows that people are more likely to remember narrative content. Virtual environments can also increase the amount of information a person can recall. If these elements are blended together, it may help people remember important information. This research aims to provide directional results for researchers interested in combining VR and narrative, enumerating the advantages and limitations of using text or non-text plot prompts in news games. It also provides hints for the use of virtual environments as learning platforms in news games. The research method is to first derive a theoretical derivation, then create a sample of news games, and then compare the experimental data of the sample to prove the theory. The research compares the survey data of a VR game that presents a story in non-text format (Group VR), a game that presents the story in non-text format (Group NVR), a VR game that presents the story in text (Group VRIT), and a game that presents the story in text (Group NVRIT) will be compared and analyzed. This paper describes the experiment. The results of the experiment show that among the four groups, the means that can make subjects remember the most information is a VR news game with a storyline. And there is a positive correlation between subjects' experience and confidence in recognizing memories, and empathy is positively correlated with the correctness of memories. In addition, the effects of "VR," "experience," and "presenting a story from text or video" on the percentage of correct answers differed depending on the type of question.

Effects of Alternating Currents in the Hearth of Submerged Arc Furnaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Fromreide ◽  
Svenn Anton Halvorsen ◽  
Manuel Sparta ◽  
Vetle K Risinggård ◽  
Pilar Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Submerged Arc

Power–gap relationships in low consistency refining

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Enrique Rubiano Berna ◽  
Mark Martinez ◽  
James Olson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Mill Scale ◽  
Control Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Mechanical Pulps ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Distance between stationary and rotating refining plates, gap, has a direct and significant impact on refining power. Gap is almost universally used to control power in low consistency refining operations. The relationship between power and gap are affected by refiner size, pulp type, plate pattern and refining conditions. In this study, a correlation was developed to describe the power–gap relationships at a wide range of refining conditions and furnish. The correlation was developed using pilot-scale refining data of mechanical pulps. Results showed that a properly defined dimensionless power number is suitable to describe refining power as well as to compare different refiners under the same grounds. The developed correlation was also used to predict mill-scale refining data showing good agreement with between predicted and measured values. Finally, experimental data from force sensor measurements supports the correlation’s theoretical assumptions.

scholarly journals Geothermal source heat pump performance for a greenhouse heating system: an experimental study

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Sotirios Anifantis ◽  
Simone Pascuzzi ◽  
Giacomo Scarascia-Mugnozza
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

Greenhouses play a significant function in the modern agriculture economy even if require great amount of energy for heating systems. An interesting solution to alleviate the energy costs and environmental problems may be represented by the use of geothermal energy. The aim of this paper, based on measured experimental data, such as the inside greenhouse temperature and the heat pump performance (input and output temperatures of the working fluid, electric consumption), was the evaluation of the suitability of low enthalpy geothermal heat sources for agricultural needs such as greenhouses heating. The study was carried out at the experimental farm of the University of Bari, where a greenhouse was arranged with a heating system connected to a ground-source heat pump (GSHP), which had to cover the thermal energy request. The experimental results of this survey highlight the capability of the geothermal heat source to ensue thermal conditions suitable for cultivation in greenhouses even if the compressor inside the heat pump have operated continuously in a fluctuating state without ever reaching the steady condition. Probably, to increase the performance of the heat pump and then its coefficient of performance within GSHP systems for heating greenhouses, it is important to analyse and maximise the power conductivity of the greenhouse heating system, before to design an expensive borehole ground exchanger. Nevertheless, according to the experimental data obtained, the GSHP systems are effective, efficient and environmental friendly and may be useful to supply the heating energy demand of greenhouses.

The Interaction of Carbon Black with Sulfur, MBT and TMTD in Vulcanization

1961 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Blokh ◽  
Ch. L. Melamed
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Abstract The experimental data collected on the interaction of active centers of carbon black with the rubber on the one hand and of the active centers of carbon black with the sulfur and accelerators, and also with the antioxidants, on the other hand, provide a sound basis for belief that the problem of reinforcement of rubber by active fillers in the process of vulcanization cannot be explained from the physical aspect alone. The facts indicate the considerable importance of the chemical reactions between the active groups of carbon black and the compounding ingredients in the course of vulcanization.

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