scholarly journals Telephone consultations to manage paediatric outpatient clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic: a service evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowri M. Edwards ◽  
Mair Parry
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
North West ◽  
Population Spread ◽  
Large Geographical Area ◽  
Paediatric Outpatient

Abstract Background North West Wales is predominantly rural with a relatively small population spread over a large geographical area. The rapid development of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a radical re-thinking of how to provide continuing paediatric outpatient care in the face of a lockdown. The solution adopted was to use telephone consultations. Aims This study took place during the summer of 2020, after the first lockdown had been relaxed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of telephone consultations as an alternative to conventional paediatric outpatient appointments and assess whether it could continue to have a useful role beyond the pandemic. Methods Two hundred ninety-five telephone surveys were conducted with respondents, most of whom were carers of paediatric outpatients. Questions explored the child’s underlying condition, respondents’ attitudes towards the service received, social factors including distance previously travelled to the hospital and whether they would find ongoing telephone review acceptable or not. Results Sixty-one percent of respondents expressed a positive interest in ongoing telephone consultations. They commented particularly on compatibility with work commitments, childcare arrangements and travel times. Those travelling more than 1 h were particularly positive in their support. Respondents expressed the continued need for face-to-face review if the child’s condition changed acutely. Conclusion Telephone consultations are an acceptable means of improving clinic punctuality, accessibility and convenience for families in rural areas, with ongoing potential beyond the pandemic. Careful consideration is required of the individual’s needs and requirement for physical examination when extending the use of telephone consultations.

Addressing dementia needs in Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Irene Blackberry ◽  
Clare Wilding ◽  
Michael Bauer ◽  
Margaret Winbolt ◽  
Hilary Davis
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Local Primary Care ◽  
Large Geographical Area ◽  
Policy Objectives

Delivering dementia care in rural Australia remains a challenge. Large geographical area, small population, and lack of skilled workforce cause inequity in health outcomes for people living in rural areas. While a third of older people live outside metropolitan areas, the proportion of older people is higher and 40% of people with dementia reside in rural areas. In this chapter, we present government policy to address dementia, the second cause of death in Australia. We showcase latest research and innovative approaches to rural dementia care that aim to build from government policy objectives and here we talk about approaches that include technologies, care pathways, and training volunteers and local primary care workforce in the rural Australian context.

284 Acute neurology in aneurin bevan university health board

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. A43.1-A43
Author(s):  
Joe Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Acute Medicine ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Large Geographical Area

Aneurin Bevan University Health Board (ABUHB) provides for a population of 6 40 000 in South East Wales, in addition to South Powys. The large geographical area contains 3 sites with acute unselected medical intake as well as 3 other hospitals. The neurology department, comprising 6 consultants (1 stroke/neurology), 1 associate specialist and 1 trainee, is based in Newport. Service evaluation (2013) revealed that 1 in 6 neurology clinic appointments were used to see patients discharged from acute medicine, with a median waiting time of 14 weeks. In 2015 the ‘Neurologist of the Week’ service was launched; 5 consultants participate on a weekly rota. Routine work is cancelled and replaced with a 10 DCC (~40 hours) acute neurology week. This includes 3 acute clinics (each 3 patients), daily MAU round for the largest site, and a triage and advice service for primary and secondary care. Visits to other hospital sites are made when needed. The service has led to significant improvements in quality of care, neurology training and undergraduate teaching and is highly valued by colleagues. Repeated evaluations show ~55% of acute clinic patients are discharged, with ~40% of appointments preventing or shortening an admission. Diagnosis is significantly changed in ~40% of consultations.

scholarly journals Cost estimation methods for internet infrastructure deployment in Rural Sarawak: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Abel Chai Yu Hao ◽  
Chean Hung Lai ◽  
Hieng Tiong Su ◽  
Yi Lung Then ◽  
Fei Siang Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Network Infrastructure ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Large Geographical Area

<p>In rural Sarawak, the internet accessibility is low due to unreliable power grids to support telecommunication network and large geographical area. The risk for network infrastructure implementation is high for Internet Service Provider (ISP), thus more practical and accurate cost estimation methods should be used [1-3]. This paper reviews different types of cost estimation methods and the accuracy and feasibility of each methods are discussed and compared for network infrastructure implementation in rural Sarawak. The unique characteristics of rural Sarawak are considered in this work, including the topography, development of rural areas and acceptance of new technologies. Different cost estimation methods are identified for different senarios and availability of data.</p>

scholarly journals The Third Sector: The “Other” Actors of Rural Development, Andalusia 2000–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13976
Author(s):  
Eugenio Cejudo-García ◽  
Francisco Navarro-Valverde ◽  
José Antonio Cañete-Pérez ◽  
Noelia Ruiz-Moya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Third ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Large Geographical Area ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
The Third Sector

Civil society plays an essential role in the development of our rural areas. In spite of this, little research has been conducted on the role of non-profit organizations, often referred to in general terms as the third sector, within the framework of the LEADER program for rural development, especially in such a large geographical area as Andalusia, the study area of this research. The diversity of the groups that make up the “Others” group of rural development stakeholders is one of its most important characteristics. Over the course of the study period (2000–2015), these organizations have played a very significant role in Andalusia in both quantitative and qualitative terms. In order to find out more about the diversity of third sector organizations and to quantify and evaluate their importance, we carried out a detailed analysis of all the LEADER projects commenced in Andalusia between 2000 and 2015. The quantitative and quantitative results obtained highlight the diversity of these projects and how widely their presence varied from one type of rural area to the next. Our research reopens the debate about the growing role played by non-profit organizations in developed societies at a global level and within LEADER in particular.

scholarly journals 88: Effectiveness of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Transport within a Large Geographical Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. e66-e66
Author(s):  
S Redpath ◽  
B Lemyre ◽  
H Moore ◽  
J Ponnuthurai ◽  
J Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Large Geographical Area

Systemic School Improvement Interventions in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
School Improvement ◽  
South African ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
North West ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Academic Review

Looking at two smaller-scale systemic school improvement projects implemented in selected district circuits in the North West and Eastern Cape by partnerships between government, JET Education Services, and private sector organisations, this book captures and reflects on the experiences of the practitioners involved. The Systemic School Improvement Model developed by JET to address an identified range of interconnected challenges at district, school, classroom and household level, is made up of seven components. In reflecting on what worked and what did not in the implementation of these different components, the different chapters set out some of the practical lessons learnt, which could be used to improve the design and implementation of similar education improvement projects. Many of the lessons in this field that remain under-recorded to date relate to the step-by-step processes followed, the relationship dynamics encountered at different levels of the education system, and the local realities confronting schools and districts in South Africa's rural areas. Drawing on field data that is often not available to researchers, the book endeavours to address this gap and record these lessons. It is not intended to provide an academic review of the systemic school improvement projects. It is presented rather to offer other development practitioners working to improve the quality of education in South African schools, an understanding of some of the real practical and logistical challenges that arise and how these may be resolved to take further school improvement projects forward at a wider district, provincial and national scale.

MORE ON THE QUESTION OF RURAL AREAS MULTIFUNCTIONALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2397-2415
Author(s):  
A.I. Kostyaev ◽  
◽  
S.B. Letunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Market Perception ◽  
Market Consequences

The approaches of Russian and foreign scientists to studying rural areas multifunctionality differ significantly. Domestic researchers consider this problem from the standpoint of public goods in agricultural production, agricultural production diversification, rural population livelihoods, land use, and sustainable development of rural areas. In all cases, we are talking about implementation of functions within rural areas without raising the question of buying and selling their intangible attributes. In foreign publications, two pragmatic approaches are seen within the concept of multifunctionality. The first approach is the market perception of rural areas as consumer spaces. In this case, the intangible attributes of the territories (landscape, nature, heritage or culture) are considered as a sold and bought product. The second approach is an approach from the standpoint of protection against negative market consequences in international food trade. The non-productive functions of agriculture are taken into account in the WTO negotiations as non-trade factors. This helps to protect the agriculture of many countries from the destructive effects of foreign trade. The article proposes to move from staged studies of the issue of multifunctionality to a constructive consideration of the material and non-material potential for implementing the rural areas' production and non-production functions. The purpose of the study is to determine the material and non-material basis of rural areas multifunctionality using the example of the North-West of Russia. The objectives of the study are to establish the capabilities of rural areas to perform their functions of: a) the international, b) the federal, c) the regional and d) the local significance; and on the basis of the idea of multifunctionality, to determine the ways for creating consumer spaces in rural areas. The following methods were used: decomposition of goals, the index one, the monographic and the grouping method. We used the materials by: Rosstat, Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, Ministry of Culture of Russia. Municipal areas with the orientation of agricultural products to the international, federal and regional markets have been identified. The characteristic of intangible attributes - the carriers of non-production functions of rural areas for the international, federal, regional and local levels - was given. The objects of specially protected natural areas and objects of cultural heritage are considered in accordance with their level of importance. The sequence of forming the consumer spaces in rural areas has been established in the direction from defining a geographical image through creating an image to developing a brand.

scholarly journals Identification of Leishmania spp. in horses and a dog from rural areas of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2687-2694
Author(s):  
Gabriela Döwich Pradella ◽  
◽  
Taiane Acunha Escobar ◽  
Claudia Acosta Duarte ◽  
Irina Lübeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the genus Leishmania. The disease is transmitted by the bite of a sand fly vector. Although the main reservoirs are dogs, other hosts can be infected and may play this role. Rio Grande do Sul western region, located on the triple border of Brazil-Uruguay-Argentina, represents a VL transmission area. The goal of the present study was to identify Leishmania spp. infection in animals from rural areas of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul. Nine farms in the Uruguaiana municipality, Rio Grande do Sul state, were included. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 113 animals (canine [n=22], equine [n=91]) for detection of Leishmania spp. DNA was isolated and polymerase chain reaction was performed. Eight (7%) animals with Leishmania spp. infection were detected on two farms in the same geographical area, seven of which were horses and one was canine, all of which were asymptomatic. To investigate the species of Leishmania, one of the positive equine samples was subjected to direct sequencing, which confirmed the presence of L. infantum genetic material. Results of this study confirm the presence of L. infantum-infected animals in rural areas of Uruguaiana, and provide evidence supporting further investigation of risk factors for dissemination in such areas.

scholarly journals Role of the Elected Panchayat Samity Members in National Health and Family Welfare Programs: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Barman
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
National Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Tier System ◽  
Agrarian Communities ◽  
Block Level

The geographical area of this study is West Bengal - a constituent state (province) of India. The state government policy aims at administrative decentralization through Panchayats (or Village Councils) in rural areas. It is a 3-tier system, comprising a Gram Panchayat in every village, Panchayat Samity (block level), and Zilla Parishad (district level). Focusing mainly on Panchayat Samity members, the study explores the knowledge, attitudes, participation, and involvement of the Panchayat Samity members in National Health and Family Welfare Programs. The categories of respondents are the Health Committee members of Panchayat Samity, and health personnel of Block Primary Health Center and Rural Hospital. With a positive frame of mind, they are found to be involved in promoting awareness about health and family planning, and in providing child immunization and other health measures to predominantly agrarian communities.

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