Effect of Nitric Oxide on Lachnum YMU50 Extracellular Polyphenol Accumulation and Antioxidant Defense System

2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 1761-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-shuang Qian ◽  
Jing Ji ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Farnaz Shaikh ◽  
Hui-yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Adaptogenic effect of phlojodicarpus sibiricus extract on cerebral ischemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Gulyaev ◽  
Vasiliy V. Taraskin ◽  
Ekaterina Z. Urbanova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Adaptogenic Effect ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the study was to determine the adaptogenic effect of the extract from the roots of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus during ischemic influence on the left hemisphere of the brain. Experiments were conducted on Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200-220 g. Unilateral cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery under ether anesthesia. Adaptogenic anti-ischemic effect of Ph. sibiricus was determined by the number of desquamated endotheliocytes, nitrogen oxide metabolites – nitrites in the blood, by the content of lipid peroxidation products – malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the antioxidant defense system in the brain tissue. It is established that Ph. sibiricus has an anti-ischemic effect, reduces the number of endotheliocytes desquamated, increases the level of nitric oxide in the blood (p ≤ 0.05), stimulates SOD and catalase activity, reducing the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of MDA in the brain during ischemic exposure (p ≤ 0.05). Preventive administration of Ph. sibiricus extract has an adaptogenic effect in unilateral cerebral ischemia, which consists in reducing desquamated endotheliocytes, increasing the production of nitric oxide by endothelium, increasing the antioxidant defense system and reducing the intensity of oxidative reactions in the brain. Adaptogenic effect of Ph. sibiricus extract is caused by endothelium protective and antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to Nitric Oxide Stress Related to Respiratory Burst Oxidase-Like 2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tse-Min Lee ◽  
Eva YuHua Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Insertion Mutant ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Photosynthesis Inhibition ◽  
Respiratory Burst Oxidase

The acclimation mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to nitric oxide (NO) was studied by exposure to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor. Treatment with 0.1 or 0.3 mM SNAP transiently inhibited photosynthesis within 1 h, followed by a recovery without growth impairment, while 1.0 mM SNAP treatment caused irreversible photosynthesis inhibition and mortality. The SNAP effects are avoided in the presence of the NO scavenger, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO). RNA-seq, qPCR, and biochemical analyses were conducted to decode the metabolic shifts under sub-lethal NO stress by exposure to 0.3 mM SNAP in the presence or absence of 0.4 mM cPTIO. These findings revealed that the acclimation to NO stress comprises a temporally orchestrated implementation of metabolic processes: 1. trigger of NO scavenging elements to reduce NO level; 2. prevention of photo-oxidative risk through photosynthesis inhibition and antioxidant defense system induction; 3. acclimation to nitrogen and sulfur shortage; 4. degradation of damaged proteins through protein trafficking machinery (ubiquitin, SNARE, and autophagy) and molecular chaperone system for dynamic regulation of protein homeostasis. NO increased NADPH oxidase activity and respiratory burst oxidase-like 2 (RBOL2) transcript abundance, which were not observed in the rbol2 insertion mutant. Changes in gene expression in the rbol2 mutant and increased mortality under NO stress demonstrate that NADPH oxidase (RBOL2) is involved in the modulation of some acclimation processes (NO scavenging, antioxidant defense system, autophagy, and heat shock proteins) for Chlamydomonas to cope with NO stress. Our findings provide insight into the molecular events underlying acclimation mechanisms in Chlamydomonas to sub-lethal NO stress.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Pre-Treatment Advances Seed Germination and Alleviates Copper-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Indian Mustard

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Bilal A. Rather ◽  
Iqbal R. Mir ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
Naser A. Anjum ◽  
Nafees A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Pre Treatment

This investigation tested the efficiency of nitric oxide (NO) in alleviation of Cu-induced adverse impacts on seed germination and photosynthesis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Pre-treatment of B. juncea seeds with sodium nitroprusside (SNP; NO donor) significantly improved the seed germination rate and also alleviated Cu-accrued oxidative stress. However, in the absence of NO, Cu caused a higher reduction in seed germination rate. The presence of NO strengthened the antioxidant defense system (glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) and thereby sustained the lower lipid peroxidation, reduced H2O2 content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in Cu-exposed seeds. NO pre-treated seeds also retained a higher amylase activity and exhibited an improved seed germination rate. This effect of NO under Cu stress was also seen in plants originated from the NO pre-treated seeds, where the role of NO pre-treatment was reflected in the improved photosynthetic potential of B. juncea. Overall, NO pre-treatment not only improved the germination rate in seeds but also carried its effects in the grown seedlings evidenced as improved photosynthesis and growth. Potential mechanisms involved in the action of NO pre-treatment included NO-mediated significant strengthening of the antioxidant defense system and decreases in Cu-caused oxidative stress parameters.

scholarly journals Effects of Abscisic Acid and Nitric Oxide on Chilling Resistance and Activation of the Antioxidant System in Walnut Shoots In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningguang Dong ◽  
Jianxun Qi ◽  
Yuanfa Li ◽  
Yonghao Chen ◽  
Yanbin Hao
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

The roles of abscisic acid (ABA) and nitric oxide (NO) and the relationship between NO and ABA on chilling resistance and activation of antioxidant activities in walnut (Juglans regia) shoots in vitro under chilling stress were investigated. Walnut shoots were treated with ABA, the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), ABA in combination with the NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), PTIO, SNP in combination with the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor fluridone (Flu), and Flu. Their effects on chilling tolerance, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the antioxidant defense system were analyzed. The results showed that ABA treatment markedly alleviated the decreases in the maximal photochemical efficiency and survival and the increases in electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation induced by chilling stress, suggesting that application of ABA could improve the chilling tolerance. Further analyses showed that ABA enhanced antioxidant defense and slowed down the accumulation of ROS caused by chilling. Similar results were observed when exogenous SNP was applied. ABA in combination with PTIO or PTIO alone differentially abolished these protective effects of ABA. However, treatment with NO in combination with Flu or Flu alone did not affect the SNP-induced protective effect against CI or the activation of antioxidant activities under conditions of chilling stress. In addition, ABA treatment increased the NO content under chilling conditions, which was suppressed by the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor Flu or NO scavenger PTIO. Conversely, SNP application induced the same ABA rise observed in control plants in response to chilling. Taken together, these results suggested that ABA may confer chilling tolerance in walnut shoots in vitro by enhancing the antioxidant defense system, which is partially mediated by NO, preventing the overproduction of ROS to alleviate the oxidative injury induced by chilling.

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