scholarly journals Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to Nitric Oxide Stress Related to Respiratory Burst Oxidase-Like 2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tse-Min Lee ◽  
Eva YuHua Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Insertion Mutant ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Photosynthesis Inhibition ◽  
Respiratory Burst Oxidase

The acclimation mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to nitric oxide (NO) was studied by exposure to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor. Treatment with 0.1 or 0.3 mM SNAP transiently inhibited photosynthesis within 1 h, followed by a recovery without growth impairment, while 1.0 mM SNAP treatment caused irreversible photosynthesis inhibition and mortality. The SNAP effects are avoided in the presence of the NO scavenger, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO). RNA-seq, qPCR, and biochemical analyses were conducted to decode the metabolic shifts under sub-lethal NO stress by exposure to 0.3 mM SNAP in the presence or absence of 0.4 mM cPTIO. These findings revealed that the acclimation to NO stress comprises a temporally orchestrated implementation of metabolic processes: 1. trigger of NO scavenging elements to reduce NO level; 2. prevention of photo-oxidative risk through photosynthesis inhibition and antioxidant defense system induction; 3. acclimation to nitrogen and sulfur shortage; 4. degradation of damaged proteins through protein trafficking machinery (ubiquitin, SNARE, and autophagy) and molecular chaperone system for dynamic regulation of protein homeostasis. NO increased NADPH oxidase activity and respiratory burst oxidase-like 2 (RBOL2) transcript abundance, which were not observed in the rbol2 insertion mutant. Changes in gene expression in the rbol2 mutant and increased mortality under NO stress demonstrate that NADPH oxidase (RBOL2) is involved in the modulation of some acclimation processes (NO scavenging, antioxidant defense system, autophagy, and heat shock proteins) for Chlamydomonas to cope with NO stress. Our findings provide insight into the molecular events underlying acclimation mechanisms in Chlamydomonas to sub-lethal NO stress.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Against Nitric Oxide Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva YuHua Kuo ◽  
Tse-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Protein Trafficking ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Translational Activity ◽  
Photosynthesis Inhibition

The acclimation mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to nitric oxide (NO) was studied by exposure to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor. Treatment with 0.1 or 0.3 mM SNAP transiently inhibited photosynthesis within 1 h, followed by a recovery, while 1.0 mM SNAP treatment caused irreversible photosynthesis inhibition and mortality. The SNAP effects are avoided in the presence of the NO scavenger, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO). RNA-seq, qPCR, and biochemical analyses were conducted to decode the metabolic shifts under NO stress by exposure to 0.3 mM SNAP in the presence or absence of 0.4 mM cPTIO. These findings revealed that the acclimation to NO stress comprises a temporally orchestrated implementation of metabolic processes: (1). modulation of NADPH oxidase (respiratory burst oxidase-like 2, RBOL2) and ROS signaling pathways for downstream mechanism regulation, (2). trigger of NO scavenging elements to reduce NO level; (3). prevention of photo-oxidative risk through photosynthesis inhibition and antioxidant defense system induction; (4). acclimation to nitrogen and sulfur shortage; (5). attenuation of transcriptional and translational activity together with degradation of damaged proteins through protein trafficking machinery (ubiquitin, SNARE, and autophagy) and molecular chaperone system for dynamic regulation of protein homeostasis. In addition, the expression of the gene encoding NADPH oxidase, RBOL2, showed a transient increase while that of RBOL1 was slightly decreased after NO challenge. It reflects that NADPH oxidase, a regulator in ROS-mediated signaling pathway, may be involved in the responses of Chlamydomonas to NO stress. In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the molecular events underlying acclimation mechanisms in Chlamydomonas to NO stress.

Effect of Nitric Oxide on Lachnum YMU50 Extracellular Polyphenol Accumulation and Antioxidant Defense System

2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 1761-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-shuang Qian ◽  
Jing Ji ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Farnaz Shaikh ◽  
Hui-yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Adaptogenic effect of phlojodicarpus sibiricus extract on cerebral ischemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Gulyaev ◽  
Vasiliy V. Taraskin ◽  
Ekaterina Z. Urbanova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Adaptogenic Effect ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the study was to determine the adaptogenic effect of the extract from the roots of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus during ischemic influence on the left hemisphere of the brain. Experiments were conducted on Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200-220 g. Unilateral cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery under ether anesthesia. Adaptogenic anti-ischemic effect of Ph. sibiricus was determined by the number of desquamated endotheliocytes, nitrogen oxide metabolites – nitrites in the blood, by the content of lipid peroxidation products – malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the antioxidant defense system in the brain tissue. It is established that Ph. sibiricus has an anti-ischemic effect, reduces the number of endotheliocytes desquamated, increases the level of nitric oxide in the blood (p ≤ 0.05), stimulates SOD and catalase activity, reducing the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of MDA in the brain during ischemic exposure (p ≤ 0.05). Preventive administration of Ph. sibiricus extract has an adaptogenic effect in unilateral cerebral ischemia, which consists in reducing desquamated endotheliocytes, increasing the production of nitric oxide by endothelium, increasing the antioxidant defense system and reducing the intensity of oxidative reactions in the brain. Adaptogenic effect of Ph. sibiricus extract is caused by endothelium protective and antioxidant effects.

Baccharis trimera Improves the Antioxidant Defense System and Inhibits iNOS and NADPH Oxidase Expression in a Rat Model of Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 975-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Cruz Padua ◽  
Joamyr Rossoni Junior ◽  
Cíntia de Brito Magalhaes ◽  
Janaina Seiberf ◽  
Carolina Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Baccharis Trimera

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Pre-Treatment Advances Seed Germination and Alleviates Copper-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Indian Mustard

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Bilal A. Rather ◽  
Iqbal R. Mir ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
Naser A. Anjum ◽  
Nafees A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Pre Treatment

This investigation tested the efficiency of nitric oxide (NO) in alleviation of Cu-induced adverse impacts on seed germination and photosynthesis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Pre-treatment of B. juncea seeds with sodium nitroprusside (SNP; NO donor) significantly improved the seed germination rate and also alleviated Cu-accrued oxidative stress. However, in the absence of NO, Cu caused a higher reduction in seed germination rate. The presence of NO strengthened the antioxidant defense system (glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) and thereby sustained the lower lipid peroxidation, reduced H2O2 content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in Cu-exposed seeds. NO pre-treated seeds also retained a higher amylase activity and exhibited an improved seed germination rate. This effect of NO under Cu stress was also seen in plants originated from the NO pre-treated seeds, where the role of NO pre-treatment was reflected in the improved photosynthetic potential of B. juncea. Overall, NO pre-treatment not only improved the germination rate in seeds but also carried its effects in the grown seedlings evidenced as improved photosynthesis and growth. Potential mechanisms involved in the action of NO pre-treatment included NO-mediated significant strengthening of the antioxidant defense system and decreases in Cu-caused oxidative stress parameters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document