UV Light-Activated GdYVO4:Eu3+ Nanoparticles Induce Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Leukocytes Without Affecting Erythrocytes In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii Onishchenko ◽  
Valeriy Myasoedov ◽  
Svetlana Yefimova ◽  
Oksana Nakonechna ◽  
Volodymyr Prokopyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Novel Tetrazoles against Acanthamoeba castellanii Belonging to the T4 Genotype

Chemotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassmin Isse Wehelie ◽  
Naveed Ahmed Khan ◽  
Itrat Fatima ◽  
Areeba Anwar ◽  
Kanwal Kanwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives

Background: Acanthamoeba castellanii is a pathogenic free-living amoeba responsible for blinding keratitis and fatal granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. However, treatments are not standardized but can involve the use of amidines, biguanides, and azoles. Objectives: The aim of this study was to synthesize a variety of synthetic tetrazole derivatives and test their activities against A. castellanii. Methods: A series of novel tetrazole compounds were synthesized by one-pot method and characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. These compounds were subjected to amoebicidal, and cytotoxicity assays against A. castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype and human keratinocyte skin cells respectively. Additionally, reactive oxygen species determination and electron microscopy studies were carried out. Furthermore, two of the seven compounds were conjugated with silver nanoparticles to study their antiamoebic potential. Results: A series of seven tetrazole derivatives were synthesized successfully. The selected tetrazoles showed anti-amoebic activities at 10µM concentration against A. castellanii in vitro. The compounds tested caused increased reactive oxygen species generation in A castellanii, and significant morphological damage to amoebal membranes. Moreover, conjugation of silver nanoparticles enhanced antiamoebic effects of two tetrazoles. Conclusions: The results showed that azole compounds hold promise in the development of new formulations of anti-Acanthamoebic agents.

scholarly journals Plasmonic Hot-Electron Reactive Oxygen Species Generation: Fundamentals for Redox Biology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Carrasco ◽  
Juan Carlos Stockert ◽  
Ángeles Juarranz ◽  
Alfonso Blázquez-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Redox Biology

For decades, the possibility to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in biological systems through the use of light was mainly restricted to the photodynamic effect: the photoexcitation of molecules which then engage in charge- or energy-transfer to molecular oxygen (O2) to initiate ROS production. However, the classical photodynamic approach presents drawbacks, like per se chemical reactivity of the photosensitizing agent or fast molecular photobleaching due to in situ ROS generation, to name a few. Recently, a new approach, which promises many advantages, has entered the scene: plasmon-driven hot-electron chemistry. The effect takes advantage of the photoexcitation of plasmonic resonances in metal nanoparticles to induce a new cohort of photochemical and redox reactions. These metal photo-transducers are considered chemically inert and can undergo billions of photoexcitation rounds without bleaching or suffering significant oxidative alterations. Also, their optimal absorption band can be shape- and size-tailored in order to match any of the near infrared (NIR) biological windows, where undesired absorption/scattering are minimal. In this mini review, the basic mechanisms and principal benefits of this light-driven approach to generate ROS will be discussed. Additionally, some significant experiments in vitro and in vivo will be presented, and tentative new avenues for further research will be advanced.

scholarly journals The H2S Donor GYY4137 Stimulates Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in BV2 Cells While Suppressing the Secretion of TNF and Nitric Oxide

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Lazarević ◽  
Emanuela Mazzon ◽  
Miljana Momčilović ◽  
Maria Basile ◽  
Giuseppe Colletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Bv2 Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System

GYY4137 is a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor that has been shown to act in an anti-inflammatory manner in vitro and in vivo. Microglial cells are among the major players in immunoinflammatory, degenerative, and neoplastic disorders of the central nervous system, including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and glioblastoma multiforme. So far, the effects of GYY4137 on microglial cells have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, BV2 microglial cells were stimulated with interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide and treated with GYY4137. The agent did not influence the viability of BV2 cells in concentrations up to 200 μM. It inhibited tumor necrosis factor but not interleukin-6 production. Expression of CD40 and CD86 were reduced under the influence of the donor. The phagocytic ability of BV2 cells and nitric oxide production were also affected by the agent. Surprisingly, GYY4137 upregulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by BV2 cells. The effect was mimicked by another H2S donor, Na2S, and it was not reproduced in macrophages. Our results demonstrate that GYY4137 downregulates inflammatory properties of BV2 cells but increases their ability to generate ROS. Further investigation of this unexpected phenomenon is warranted.

Reactive oxygen species generating photosynthesized ferromagnetic iron oxide nanorods as promising antileishmanial agent

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 755-771
Author(s):  
Arshad Islam ◽  
Quratul Ain ◽  
Amna Munawar ◽  
José Dias Corrêa Junior ◽  
Ajmal Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Ferromagnetic Iron

Aim: To investigate the photodynamic therapeutic potential of ferromagnetic iron oxide nanorods (FIONs), using Trigonella foenum-graecum as a reducing agent, against Leishmania tropica. Materials & methods: FIONs were characterized using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results: FIONs showed excellent activity against L. tropica promastigotes and amastigotes (IC50 0.036 ± 0.003 and 0.072 ± 0.001 μg/ml, respectively) upon 15 min pre-incubation light-emitting diode light (84 lm/W) exposure, resulting in reactive oxygen species generation and induction of cell death via apoptosis. FIONs were found to be highly biocompatible with human erythrocytes (LD50 779 ± 21 μg/ml) and significantly selective (selectivity index >1000) against murine peritoneal macrophages (CC50 102.7 ± 2.9 μg/ml). Conclusion: Due to their noteworthy in vitro antileishmanial properties, FIONs should be further investigated in an in vivo model of the disease.

Synergistic antioxidant activity of size controllable chitosan-templated Prussian blue nanoparticle

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 2567-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeryeon Oh ◽  
Jin Sil Lee ◽  
Daekyung Sung ◽  
Jin Hyung Lee ◽  
Sang Hyun Moh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Aim: Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) have been reported as excellent antioxidant agents owing to their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species. However, their poor stability in vivo limits their use in biomedical applications. Materials & methods: In this study, we developed chitosan-templated PB NPs using water-soluble chitosan samples with molecular weights ranging from 3 to 100 kDa, which stabilized the PB NPs and improved their antioxidant activity. Results & conclusion: The chitosan-templated PB NPs coordinated with the optimal chitosan molecular weight had uniform sphere-like particles, improved stability and effective scavenging activity of in vitro reactive oxygen species generation in murine fibroblast cells stimulated by oxidative stress agents without any cytotoxicity, implying that they could be promising antioxidant agents.

scholarly journals PSI-21 The effects of kuromanin supplementation during oocyte maturation on the in vitro production of pig embryos

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
Miranda Mentler ◽  
Emma Hicks ◽  
Brian D Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Pronuclear Formation

Abstract The imbalance of reactive oxygen species levels and antioxidants impact oocyte matruation. Elderberries (Sambucus sp.) have been identified as possessing the ability to alleviate oxidative stress. An antioxidant class found in elderberry is anthocyanidin, which includes kuromanin. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of kuromanin supplementation to the media during oocyte maturation. Oocytes (n = 692, r=3) were supplemented with 100 or 200 μM kuromanin during 40-44 h of maturation and then evaluated at the end of maturation for the formation of reactive oxygen species, fertilization characteristics, and rates of embryonic cleavage and blastocyst development at 48 h and 144 h after IVF, respectively. There were no significant differences between no kuromanin supplementation and 100 μM kuromanin supplementation when comparing reactive oxygen species generation at the end of oocyte maturation. Supplementation of 200 μM kuromanin significantly increased (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species generation in oocytes compared to the other groups. There were no significant differences between no kuromanin supplementation and 100 μM kuromanin supplementation when comparing penetration and polyspermic penetration rates and male pronuclear formation. Supplementation of 200 μM kuromanin significantly decreased (P < 0.05) penetration and polyspermic penetration rates and male pronuclear formation compared to the other groups. There were no significant differences between no kuromanin supplementation and 100 μM kuromanin supplementation when comparing the percentage of cleaved embryos by 48 h after IVF and the percentage of those reaching the blastocyst stage by 144 h after IVF. Supplementation of 200 μM kuromanin significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the cleavage rates by 48 h after IVF and the blastocyst formation rates by 144 h after IVF compared to all other treatment groups. These results indicate that supplementing 200 μM kuromanin is detrimental to oocyte maturation and lower levels (100 μM) do not have a significant effect compared to not supplementing the oocytes when evaluating in vitro fertilization and early embryonic development characteristics.

scholarly journals PSI-22 The effects of cyanidin supplementation during oocyte maturation on the in vitro production of pig embryos

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 243-243
Author(s):  
Emma Hicks ◽  
Miranda Mentler ◽  
Brian D Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pronuclear Formation

Abstract Oxidative stress has a negative effect on embryonic development during the in vitro production of pig embryos. The imbalance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants impact oocyte maturation. Berries from the elder plant (Sambucus sp.) have been identified as containing high levels of a broad spectrum of antioxidants. One of the predominant antioxidant classes of compounds found in elderberry extract is anthocyanin, which includes the antioxidant cyanidin. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of cyanidin supplementation to the media during oocyte maturation. Oocytes (n = 815, r=3) were supplemented with 100 or 200 μM cyanidin during 40–44 h of maturation and then evaluated at the end of maturation for the formation of reactive oxygen species, fertilization characteristics, and rates of embryonic cleavage and blastocyst development at 48 h and 144 h after IVF, respectively. There were no significant differences between no cyanidin supplementation and 200 μM cyanidin supplementation when comparing reactive oxygen species generation at the end of oocyte maturation. Supplementation of 100 μM cyanidin significantly decreased (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species generation in oocytes compared to the other groups. There were no significant differences between no cyanidin supplementation and 200 μM cyanidin supplementation when comparing penetration and polyspermic penetration rates and male pronuclear formation. Supplementation of 100 μM cyanidin significantly decreased (P < 0.05) polyspermic penetration rates and significantly increased (P < 0.05) male pronuclear formation rates compared to the other groups. There were no significant differences between the treatment groups when comparing the percentage of cleaved embryos by 48 h after IVF. Supplementation of 100 μM cyanidin significantly increased (P < 0.05) the blastocyst formation rates by 144 h after IVF compared to all other treatment groups. These results indicate that supplementing 100 μM cyanidin to the media during oocyte maturation reduces reactive oxygen species formation and improves in vitro fertilization and early embryonic development in pigs.

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