Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Promising Tool for Bone Regeneration

This is preliminary study in order to investigate the effect of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on bone regeneration in an animal model. New Zealand rabbits were used as animal model. The critical defect was created in femoral bone and transplantation of DPSCs applied into bone defect. A colorimetric assay was used to detect ALP level in rabbit’s serum. Bone tissue regeneration was evaluated by histological analysis. In the 2nd week, the treated rabbit show increasing in the activity of ALP (157,925 μU) compared to control rabbit (155,361 μU). This increasing trend continues significantly in DPSCs rabbit (169.750 μU) compared to control rabbit (160.406) after 4 weeks. Histological evaluation revealed that the amount of bone lamellae and osteocytes were filled the defect area of DPSCs treated rabbit. Conclusions: Transplantation of DPSCs accelerating bone regeneration by raising ALP level and forming new bone tissue.

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Bone regeneration by human dental pulp stem cells using a helioxanthin derivative and cell-sheet technology

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-018-0783-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Yasuyuki Fujii ◽

Yoko Kawase-Koga ◽

Hironori Hojo ◽

Fumiko Yano ◽

Marika Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Cell Sheet ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Human Dental Pulp ◽

Cell Sheet Technology

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Effect of extracellular matrix and dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration with 3D printed PLA/HA composite scaffolds

10.22203/ecm.v041a15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 204-215

Author(s):

I Gendviliene ◽

◽

E Simoliunas ◽

M Alksne ◽

S Dibart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Negative Control ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Female Rats ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gender Specific Differences

The demand for bone grafting procedures in various fields of medicine is increasing. Existing substitutes in clinical practice do not meet all the criteria required for an ideal bone scaffold, so new materials are being sought. This study evaluated bone regeneration using a critical-size Wistar rat’s calvarial defect model. 12 male and 12 female rats were evenly divided into 3 groups: 1. Negative and positive (Geistlich Bio-Oss®) controls; 2. polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA/hydroxyapatite (HA); 3. PLA/HA cellularised with dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and PLA/HA extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. PLA/HA filament was created using hot-melt extrusion equipment. All scaffolds were fabricated using a 3D printer. DPSC were isolated from the incisors of adult Wistar rats. The defects were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histology, 8 weeks after surgery. µCT revealed that the Bio-Oss group generated 1.49 mm3 and PLA/HA ECM 1.495 mm3 more bone volume than the negative control. Histology showed a statistically significant difference between negative control and both (Bio-Oss and PLA/HA ECM) groups in rats of both genders. Moreover, histology showed gender-specific differences in all experimental groups and a statistically significant difference between cellularised PLA/HA and PLA/HA ECM groups in female rats. Qualitative histology showed the pronounced inflammation reaction during biodegradation in the PLA group. In conclusion, the bone-forming ability was comparable between the Bio-Oss and PLA/HA ECM scaffolds. Further research is needed to analyse the effects of ECM and PLA/HA ratio on osteoregeneration.

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Micro-CT and PET analysis of bone regeneration induced by biodegradable scaffolds as carriers for dental pulp stem cells in a rat model of calvarial “critical size” defect: Preliminary data

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials ◽

10.1002/jbm.b.33064 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 815-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Susanna Annibali ◽

Diana Bellavia ◽

Livia Ottolenghi ◽

Andrea Cicconetti ◽

Maria Paola Cristalli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Rat Model ◽

Preliminary Data ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Critical Size ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Critical Size Defect ◽

Biodegradable Scaffolds

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Association of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Ricinus Bone Compound in a Model of Bone Defect

JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH ◽

10.34178/jbth.v3i3.129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 267-278

Author(s):

Alan Jesus ◽

Adriano Jesus ◽

Flávia Lima ◽

Luiz Freitas ◽

Cássio Meira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Osteogenic Potential ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Control Group

Autogenous bone grafting is needed in some bone tissue defects; however, it causes secondary surgical wounds and morbidity. Tissue bioengineering may be an alternative approach for bone regeneration. Here we investigated the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DPSC) in association with a Ricinus bone compound (RBC) in a model of bone defect. The influence of the biomaterial RBC on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSC was assessed in vitro by MTT metabolism and alizarin red staining, respectively. The morphologic analysis was performed using the optic and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. For the in vivo study, 54 Wistar rats submitted to calvarial defects were filled with RBC or RBC+DPSC. A control group had the defects filled only with blood clots. Analyses were performed 15, 30 and 60 days after treatment using digital radiography, optical microscopy, SEM and chemical analysis by electron dispersive spectroscopy. The Ricinus bone compound (RBC) did not inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. No spontaneous regeneration was observed in the control group. The area of the calvarial defect of the RBC+DPSC group showed greater radiopacity on day 15. The RBC presented no reabsorption, was biocompatible and showed osteointegration, working as a mechanical filling. Only sparse ossification areas were found and those were larger and more developed on the RBC+DPSC group when compared to animals treated only with RBC. RBC in association with DPSC is a promising combination for applications in bone regeneration.

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Antibacterial Activity and Cytocompatibility of Bone Cement Enriched with Antibiotic, Nanosilver, and Nanocopper for Bone Regeneration

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9081114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcin Wekwejt ◽

Anna Michno ◽

Karolina Truchan ◽

Anna Pałubicka ◽

Beata Świeczko-Żurek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Bone Cement ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Blood Platelets ◽

Base Material ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Bacterial Strains

Bacterial infections due to bone replacement surgeries require modifications of bone cement with antibacterial components. This study aimed to investigate whether the incorporation of gentamicin or nanometals into bone cement may reduce and to what extent bacterial growth without the loss of overall cytocompatibility and adverse effects in vitro. The bone cement Cemex was used as the base material, modified either with gentamicin sulfate or nanometals: Silver or copper. The inhibition of bacterial adhesion and growth was examined against five different bacterial strains along with integrity of erythrocytes, viability of blood platelets, and dental pulp stem cells. Bone cement modified with nanoAg or nanoCu revealed greater bactericidal effects and prevented the biofilm formation better compared to antibiotic-loaded bone cement. The cement containing nanoAg displayed good cytocompatibility without noticeable hemolysis of erythrocytes or blood platelet disfunction and good viability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). On the contrary, the nanoCu cement enhanced hemolysis of erythrocytes, reduced the platelets aggregation, and decreased DPSC viability. Based on these studies, we suggest the modification of bone cement with nanoAg may be a good strategy to provide improved implant fixative for bone regeneration purposes.

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Strontium folate loaded biohybrid scaffolds seeded with dental pulp stem cells induce in vivo bone regeneration in critical sized defects

Biomaterials Science ◽

10.1039/c6bm00459h ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 1596-1604 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Marcela Martin-del-Campo ◽

Raul Rosales-Ibañez ◽

Keila Alvarado ◽

Jose G. Sampedro ◽

Christian A. Garcia-Sepulveda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽

Critical Bone Defects ◽

Complete Regeneration

Strontium folate loaded biohybrid scaffolds enhance dental pulp stem cells replication and differentiation, promoting complete regeneration of critical bone defects.

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