scholarly journals Clinical Trials Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Exponentially Increasing: Where are We in Recent Years?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Galderisi ◽  
Gianfranco Peluso ◽  
Giovanni Di Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Immune System Diseases ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Stromal Component

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), present in the stromal component of several tissues, include multipotent stem cells, progenitors, and differentiated cells. MSCs have quickly attracted considerable attention in the clinical field for their regenerative properties and their ability to promote tissue homeostasis following injury. In recent years, MSCs mainly isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord—have been utilized in hundreds of clinical trials for the treatment of various diseases. However, in addition to some successes, MSC-based therapies have experienced several failures. The number of new trials with MSCs is exponentially growing; still, complete results are only available for a limited number of trials. This dearth does not help prevent potentially inefficacious and unnecessary clinical trials. Results from unsuccessful studies may be useful in planning new therapeutic approaches to improve clinical outcomes. In order to bolster critical analysis of trial results, we reviewed the state of art of MSC clinical trials that have been published in the last six years. Most of the 416 published trials evaluated MSCs’ effectiveness in treating cardiovascular diseases, GvHD, and brain and neurological disorders, although some trials sought to treat immune system diseases and wounds and to restore tissue. We also report some unorthodox clinical trials that include unusual studies. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals The Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Kouchakian ◽  
Neda Baghban ◽  
Seyedeh Farzaneh Moniri ◽  
Mandana Baghban ◽  
Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Ethical Concern ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
New Treatment

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of adult stem cells, which are multipotent and possess the ability to differentiate/transdifferentiate into mesodermal and nonmesodermal cell lineages. MSCs display broad immunomodulatory properties since they are capable of secreting growth factors and chemotactic cytokines. Safety, accessibility, and isolation from patients without ethical concern make MSCs valuable sources for cell therapy approaches in autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. Many studies have been conducted on the application of MSCs as a new therapy, but it seems that a low percentage of them is related to clinical trials, especially completed clinical trials. Considering the importance of clinical trials to develop this type of therapy as a new treatment, the current paper is aimed at describing characteristics of MSCs and reviewing relevant clinical studies registered on the NIH database during 2016-2020 to discuss recent advances on MSC-based therapeutic approaches being used in different diseases.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for the Treatment of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: Latest Trends in Isolation, Content Optimization and Delivery Avenues

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Elena Munoz-Perez ◽  
Ainhoa Gonzalez-Pujana ◽  
Manoli Igartua ◽  
Edorta Santos-Vizcaino ◽  
Rosa Maria Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Considering the high prevalence and the complex pharmacological management of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), the search for new therapeutic approaches for their treatment is vital. Although the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied as a potential therapy in this field, direct MSC implantation presents some limitations that could slow down the clinical translation. Since the beneficial effects of MSCs have been mainly attributed to their ability to secrete a plethora of bioactive factors, their secretome has been proposed as a new and promising pathway for the treatment of IMIDs. Formed from soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs), the MSC-derived secretome has been proven to elicit immunomodulatory effects that control the inflammatory processes that occur in IMIDs. This article aims to review the available knowledge on the MSC secretome, evaluating the advances in this field in terms of its composition, production and application, as well as analyzing the pending challenges in the field. Moreover, the latest research involving secretome administration in IMIDs is discussed to provide an updated state-of-the-art for this field. Finally, novel secretome delivery alternatives are reviewed, paying special attention to hydrogel encapsulation as one of the most convenient and promising strategies.

Use of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for cartilage repair clinical trials

Cytotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. S45
Author(s):  
P. Law ◽  
L. Wong ◽  
F. Wong ◽  
S. Tan ◽  
Y. Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Autologous Bone

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winifred Broekman ◽  
Padmini P S J Khedoe ◽  
Koen Schepers ◽  
Helene Roelofs ◽  
Jan Stolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Model Studies

COPD is characterised by tissue destruction and inflammation. Given the lack of curative treatments and the progressive nature of the disease, new treatments for COPD are highly relevant. In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. These properties of MSCs provided a rationale to investigate their potential for treatment of a variety of diseases, including COPD. Preclinical models support the hypothesis that MSCs may have clinical efficacy in COPD. However, although clinical trials have demonstrated the safety of MSC treatment, thus far they have not provided evidence for MSC efficacy in the treatment of COPD. In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research.

scholarly journals Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Post-Myocardial Infarction Therapeutic Toolkit: An Experienced View

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Noelia Muñoz-Domínguez ◽  
Santiago Roura ◽  
Cristina Prat-Vidal ◽  
Joaquim Vives
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Evidence Based Therapy

Outstanding progress has been achieved in developing therapeutic options for reasonably alleviating symptoms and prolonging the lifespan of patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). Current treatments, however, only partially address the functional recovery of post-infarcted myocardium, which is in fact the major goal for effective primary care. In this context, we largely investigated novel cell and TE tissue engineering therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair, particularly using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and natural extracellular matrices, from pre-clinical studies to clinical application. A further step in this field is offered by MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EV), which are naturally released nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles with a key role in cell-to-cell communication. Herein, in this review, we further describe and discuss the rationale, outcomes and challenges of our evidence-based therapy approaches using Wharton’s jelly MSC and derived EV in post-MI management.

scholarly journals In vivo Genome Editing Therapeutic Approaches for Neurological Disorders: Where Are We in the Translational Pipeline?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Lubroth ◽  
Gaia Colasante ◽  
Gabriele Lignani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Translational Neuroscience ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Biotechnology Companies

In vivo genome editing tools, such as those based on CRISPR, have been increasingly utilized in both basic and translational neuroscience research. There are currently nine in vivo non-CNS genome editing therapies in clinical trials, and the pre-clinical pipeline of major biotechnology companies demonstrate that this number will continue to grow. Several biotechnology companies commercializing in vivo genome editing and modification technologies are developing therapies for CNS disorders with accompanying large partnering deals. In this review, the authors discuss the current genome editing and modification therapy pipeline and those in development to treat CNS disorders. The authors also discuss the technical and commercial limitations to translation of these same therapies and potential avenues to overcome these hurdles.

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