Risk Factors for Acute Retinopathy of Prematurity

Background and Objectives: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of blindness in preterm infants. We studied the relationship between different perinatal characteristics, i.e., sex; gestational age (GA); birth weight (BW); C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations; ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and surfactant administration; and the incidence of Stage 1–3 ROP. Materials and Methods: This study included 247 preterm infants with gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks that were successfully screened for ROP. Univariate and multivariate binary analyses were performed to find the most significant risk factors for ROP (Stage 1–3), while multivariate multinomial analysis was used to find the most significant risk factors for specific ROP stages, i.e., Stage 1, 2, and 3. Results: The incidence of ROP (Stage 1–3) was 66.40% (164 infants), while that of Stage 1, 2, and 3 ROP was 15.38% (38 infants), 27.53% (68 infants), and 23.48% (58 infants), respectively. Following univariate analysis, multiple perinatal characteristics, i.e., GA; BW; and ventilation, CPAP, and surfactant administration, were found to be statistically significant risk factors for ROP (p < 0.001). However, in a multivariate model using the same characteristics, only BW and ventilation were significant ROP predictors (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Multivariate multinomial analysis revealed that BW was only significantly correlated with Stage 2 and 3 ROP (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), while ventilation was only significantly correlated with Stage 2 ROP (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicate that GA; BW; and the use of ventilation, CPAP, and surfactant were all significant risk factors for ROP (Stage 1–3), but only BW and ventilation were significantly correlated with ROP and specific stages of the disease, namely Stage 2 and 3 ROP and Stage 2 ROP, respectively, in multivariate models.

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Comparison of Mean Platelet Counts in Preterm Infants with and without Retinopathy of Prematurity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3783

Author(s):

Zi Di Lim ◽

Edwin Pheng ◽

Evelyn Tai Li Min ◽

Hans Van Rostenberghe ◽

Ismail Shatriah

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Primary Source ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Repeated Measure ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Related Risk ◽

Measure Analysis ◽

Repeated Measure Analysis ◽

Over Time

Platelets are a primary source of pro- and anti-angiogenic cytokines. However, the evidence of their role in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is controversial. This retrospective study aimed to compare mean weekly platelet counts between infants with and without ROP over the first 6 weeks of life. A total of 93 infants matched by gestational age and birth weight were recruited (31 with ROP, 62 without ROP). Weekly mean platelet counts and other related risk factors were documented. The repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the repeated measure analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to compare mean platelet counts over time between the two groups, with and without adjusting for confounders. We found significant differences in the weekly mean platelet counts of infants with and without ROP over the first 6 weeks of life (p = 0.002). These differences disappeared after adjusting for covariates (p = 0.489). Lower mean platelet counts in ROP infants are not directly related to ROP, but rather to the presence of other risk factors for ROP, such as culture-proven sepsis, blood transfusion and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

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Incidence, Risk Factors and Screening Evaluation of Retinopathy of Prematurity in High Birthweight Infants: A Large Cohort Study in Turkey

Ophthalmic Epidemiology ◽

10.1080/09286586.2021.1894582 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Volkan Dericioğlu ◽

Sedat Butur ◽

Hande Celiker ◽

Özlem Şahin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Large Cohort ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Large Cohort Study

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Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Netherlands: A Comparison of Two Cohorts

Neonatology ◽

10.1159/000517247 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kasia Trzcionkowska ◽

Floris Groenendaal ◽

Peter Andriessen ◽

Peter H. Dijk ◽

Frank A.M. van den Dungen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Screening Guideline ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Second Period ◽

Perinatal Database ◽

Rop Screening

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains an important cause for preventable blindness. Aside from gestational age (GA) and birth weight, risk factor assessment can be important for determination of infants at risk of (severe) ROP. Methods: Prospective, multivariable risk-analysis study (NEDROP-2) was conducted, including all infants born in 2017 in the Netherlands considered eligible for ROP screening by pediatricians. Ophthalmologists provided data of screened infants, which were combined with risk factors from the national perinatal database (Perined). Clinical data and potential risk factors were compared to the first national ROP inventory (NEDROP-1, 2009). During the second period, more strict risk factor-based screening inclusion criteria were applied. Results: Of 1,287 eligible infants, 933 (72.5%) were screened for ROP and matched with the Perined data. Any ROP was found in 264 infants (28.3% of screened population, 2009: 21.9%) and severe ROP (sROP) (stage ≥3) in 41 infants (4.4%, 2009: 2.1%). The risk for any ROP is decreased with a higher GA (odds ratio [OR] 0.59 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.66) and increased for small for GA (SGA) (1.73, 1.11–2.62), mechanical ventilation >7 days (2.13, 1.35–3.37) and postnatal corticosteroids (2.57, 1.44–4.66). For sROP, significant factors were GA (OR 0.37 and CI 0.27–0.50), SGA (OR 5.65 and CI 2.17–14.92), postnatal corticosteroids (OR 3.81 and CI 1.72–8.40), and perforated necrotizing enterocolitis (OR 7.55 and CI 2.29–24.48). Conclusion: In the Netherlands, sROP was diagnosed more frequently since 2009. No new risk factors for ROP were determined in the present study, apart from those already included in the current screening guideline.

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