scholarly journals Influence of different heat treatment programs on properties of sol–gel synthesized (Na0·5K0·5)NbO3 (KNN) thin films

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
S WIEGAND ◽  
S FLEGE ◽  
O BAAKE ◽  
W ENSINGER
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Treatment Programs

LiNiO2 Thin Films Fabricated by Diffusion of Li on Ni Tapes

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 505-508
Author(s):  
Cheol Jin Kim ◽  
In Sup Ahn ◽  
Kwon Koo Cho ◽  
Sung Gap Lee ◽  
Jun Ki Chung
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Cold Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Cold Rolling And Annealing

LiNiO2 thin films for the application of cathode of the rechargeable battery were fabricated by Li ion diffusion on the surface oxidized NiO layer. Bi-axially textured Ni-tapes with 50 ~ 80 μm thickness were fabricated using cold rolling and annealing of Ni-rod prepared by cold isostatic pressing of Ni powder. Surface oxidation of Ni-tapes were conducted using tube furnace or line-focused infrared heater at 700 °C for 150 sec in flowing oxygen atmosphere, resulted in NiO layer with thickness of 400 and 800 μm, respectively. After Li was deposited on the NiO layer by thermal evaporation, LiNiO2 was formed by Li diffusion through the NiO layer during subsequent heat treatment using IR heater with various heat treatment conditions. IR-heating resulted in the smoother surface and finer grain size of NiO and LiNiO2 layer compared to the tube-furnace heating. The average grain size of LiNiO2 layer was 0.5~1 μm, which is much smaller than that of sol-gel processed LiNiO2. The reacted LiNiO2 region showed homogeneous composition throughout the thickness and did not show any noticeable defects frequently found in the solid state reacted LiNiO2, but crack and delamination between the reacted LiNiO2 and Ni occurred as the reaction time increased above 4hrs.

Copper-alumina materials made by infiltration in boehmite

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2271-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pierre ◽  
D. Pierre ◽  
A.C. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Direct Infiltration

New materials were made by infiltration of sol-gel boehmite thin films with copper acetate. The structure and phase transformation of these materials during heat treatment were studied. It was found that infiltration in the boehmite state did not end up in the same material as direct infiltration in the θ-alumina derived from boehmite, even after both types of materials were heat-treated at 900 °C. Infiltration in boehmite makes it possible to synthesize sandwich structures comprised of alternate layers of CuO and of γ-alumina.

Sol-Gel Synthesis of thin Films for use as Planar Waveguides

1990 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. Dale ◽  
H.H. Fox ◽  
Brian J.J. Zelinski ◽  
Laura Weller-Brophy
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Planar Waveguides ◽  
Antireflective Coatings ◽  
Synthesis Techniques ◽  
Prism Coupler ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
The University ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

SiO2-TiO2 sol-gel solutions and synthesis techniques have been developed to produce thin films of proper index, thickness and quality for use as planar waveguides. The composition of the synthesized films ranged from 50 to 68 mole % TiO2 and produced layers with indices ranging from 1.7 to 1.8. Final film thicknesses ranged from 1000 to 3000 A and varied as a function of the coating chemistry and conditions. Also, changes in film shrinkage and index with heat treatment were determined and compared to literature data on similar films used as antireflective coatings. Finally, confirmation of the waveguiding qualities of these films was made through prism coupler measurements conducted by the University of Arizona Optical Sciences Center.

Phase Transformations in Sol-Gel PZT Thin Films

2000 ◽  
Vol 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Eakin ◽  
M.G. Norton ◽  
D.F. Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Crystalline Films ◽  
In Situ Heating

AbstractThin films of PZT were deposited onto platinized and bare single crystal NaCl using spin coating and sol-gel precursors. These films were then analyzed using in situ heating in a transmission electron microscope. The results of in situ heating are compared with those of an ex situ heat treatment in a standard furnace, mimicking the heat treatment given to entire wafers of these materials for use in MEMS and ferroelectric applications. Films are shown to transform from amorphous to nanocrystalline over the course of days when held at room temperature. While chemical variations are found between films crystallized in ambient conditions and films crystallized in the vacuum conditions of the microscope, the resulting crystal structures appear to be insensitive to these differences. Significant changes in crystal structure are found at 500°C, primarily the change from largely amorphous to the beginnings of clearly crystalline films. Crystallization does occur over the course of weeks at room temperature in these films. Structural changes are more modest in these films when heated in the TEM then those observed on actual wafers. The presence of Pt significantly influences both the resulting structure and morphology in both in situ and ex situ heated films. Without Pt present, the films appear to form small, 10 nm grains consisting of both cubic and tetragonal phases, whereas in the case of the Pt larger, 100 nm grains of a tetragonal phase are formed.

Effects of cooling rate and post-heat treatment on properties of ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel method

2011 ◽  
Vol 257 (21) ◽  
pp. 9019-9023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su Kim ◽  
Kwang Gug Yim ◽  
Dong-Yul Lee ◽  
Jin Soo Kim ◽  
Jong Su Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
Post Heat Treatment ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

The effect of heat treatment in the reducing atmosphere on the physical properties of TiO2 thin films prepared by sol–gel method

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Sadat Ghorashi ◽  
Azarmidokht Hosseinnia ◽  
Fereydoun Alikhani Hessari ◽  
Yadolah Ganjkhanlou
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere
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