scholarly journals The role of knowledge about user behaviour in demand response management of domestic hot water usage

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1797-1809
Author(s):  
Seyed Amin Tabatabaei ◽  
Michel Klein
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
User Behaviour

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Estimation of Domestic Hot Water Usage with Temperature and Vibration Sensors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Booysen
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Water Heaters

Electric water heaters are responsible for a large portion of electricity consumption and water usage in the domestic sector. Smart water heaters alleviate the strain on the electricity supply grid and reduce water consumption through behavioural change, but the installation of in-line flow meters is inconvenient and expensive. A non-invasive water flow meter is proposed as an alternative. Non-invasive flow measurement is more common for high flow rates in the industrial sector than for domestic applications. Various non-invasive water measurement methods are investigated in the context of domestic hot water, and a combination of thermal- and vibration-sensing is proposed. The proposed solution uses inexpensive, easily installable, non-invasive sensors and a novel algorithm to provide the same flow measurement accuracy as existing in-line meters. The algorithm detects the beginning and end of water consumption events with an accuracy of 95.6%. Quantitative flow rate estimation was possible for flow rates greater than 5 L min⁻¹ with an accuracy of 89%, while volumetric usage estimation had an accuracy of more than 93%. The algorithm limitations were applied to field data, revealing that water consumption could be detected with an error of less than 12% within the limitations of the proposed algorithm. The paper presents a successful proof of concept for a non-invasive alternative to domestic hot water flow rate measurement.

scholarly journals Implementing User Behaviour on Dynamic Building Simulations for Energy Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-318
Author(s):  
Carlos Jimenez-Bescos ◽  
Xabat Oregi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Building Simulation ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
User Behaviour ◽  
Building Simulations

Abstract User behaviour influences the energy consumption of domestic properties with different range of variations and this has an effect on the results of building simulations based on default or general values, as opposed to implementing user behaviour. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and quantify the effect of implementing user behaviour in building dynamic simulation to calculate heating and domestic how water energy consumption to reduce the performance gap. The results for space heating and domestic hot water from dynamic building simulations will be compare to actual energy bills for a general building simulation technique and a calibrated building simulation, incorporating user behaviour details. By using user behaviour details to create calibrated building simulations, a correlation to actual energy bills of over 90 % can be achieved for a dataset of 22 properties. This study has shown that by incorporating user behaviour into building simulations, a more accurate estimation of energy consumption can be achieved. More importantly, the methodology approach allows the user behaviour parameters to be collected by means of a questionnaire, providing an easy and low budget approach to incorporate user behaviour into dynamic building simulations to reduce the performance.

scholarly journals Reduction of Heat Losses Using Quadruple Heating Pre-Insulated Networks: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4699
Author(s):  
Tomasz Janusz Teleszewski ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk ◽  
Antonio Rodero
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Conductive Heat ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Heating Pipes

The paper presents an analysis of heat loss and reductions of annual emissions of air pollutants of a quadruple pre-insulated heating network by comparing this solution with the existing pre-insulated network consisting of four pre-insulated single pipes and the variant consisting of two twin pipe pre-insulated. For calculations, an existing heating network located in central Poland was adopted, where heat is transported for heating purposes of buildings and domestic hot water with circulation of domestic hot water through four separate pre-insulated underground pipes. The idea of the construction of four pre-insulated pipes presented in the paper consists in the location of four steel pipes in a common round thermal insulation, which perform the role of heat transport for heating purposes in multi-family buildings (supply and return) and two pipes transporting hot water (a pipe with domestic hot water with circulation). In Poland, heating pipes used in multi-family housing have a larger diameter compared to domestic hot water pipes, which is why standard twin pipe heating pipes have been used in the construction of four pre-insulated networks, in which the domestic hot water pipe has been added to the thermal insulation and circulation of domestic hot water. In order to determine heat losses, a simplified two-dimensional model of conductive heat transfer was developed using Fortran to create a computer program. The results of numerical simulations show that the use of twin pipes for the construction of pre-insulated quadruple networks has contributed to a significant reduction in heat loss in relation to the existing single pre-insulated network (up to 57.1%), while reducing the thermal insulation field of the cross-section of the pre-insulated pipe by 21.4%.

Sporadic Legionnaires' disease: the role of domestic electric hot-water tanks

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. DUFRESNE ◽  
M. C. LOCAS ◽  
A. DUCHESNE ◽  
C. RESTIERI ◽  
J. ISMAÏL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Water Tanks

SUMMARYSporadic community-acquired legionellosis (SCAL) can be acquired through contaminated aerosols from residential potable water. Electricity-dependent hot-water tanks are widely used in the province of Quebec (Canada) and have been shown to be frequently contaminated withLegionellaspp. We prospectively investigated the homes of culture-proven SCAL patients from Quebec in order to establish the proportion of patients whose domestic potable hot-water system was contaminated with the sameLegionellaisolate that caused their pneumonia. Water samples were collected in each patient's home. Environmental and clinical isolates were compared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Thirty-six patients were enrolled into the study.Legionellawas recovered in 12/36 (33%) homes. The residential and clinical isolates were found to be microbiologically related in 5/36 (14%) patients. Contaminated electricity-heated domestic hot-water systems contribute to the acquisition of SCAL. The proportion is similar to previous reports, but may be underestimated.

OPTIMAL HIGH PRESSURE CORRELATION FOR R744 DIRECT EXPANSION SOLAR ASSISTED HEAT PUMP FOR DOMESTIC HOT WATER

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Moreira Duarte ◽  
Tiago de Freitas Paulino ◽  
Sabrina Nogueira Rabelo ◽  
Luiz Machado ◽  
Antônio Maia
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Direct Expansion ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

Future Water Demands: The Role of Technology and User Behaviour

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter Hunt ◽  
Sarah Zadeh ◽  
Chris Rogers
Keyword(s):  
User Behaviour ◽  
Water Demands
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