scholarly journals Non-destructive Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Tool for Discriminating Between Olive Oils According to Agronomic Practices and for Assessing Quality Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elísabet Martín-Tornero ◽  
Antonio Fernández ◽  
Juan Manuel Pérez-Rodriguez ◽  
Isabel Durán-Merás ◽  
María Henar Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Chemometric Algorithms ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractA non-destructive fluorescence method combined with chemometric algorithms has been developed for discriminating between olive oils. The excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) of two olive oil varieties (Arbosana and Oliana) from two crop seasons, which had undergone two different irrigation treatments (control irrigation strategy and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI)), were recorded. EEMs were analysed using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), followed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) incorporating three PARAFAC components. This analysis was able to discriminate between olive oils according to crop season (100% of predictions in the validation set were correct) and variety (100% of predictions were correct). Moreover, good discrimination (80% of correct predictions) was also achieved when examining olive oils belonging to the same variety but submitted to two different irrigation treatments. Further, the olive oil quality parameters obtained using conventional methods were compared with those obtained using unfolded partial least squares (U-PLS). Good correlation coefficients were obtained for Rancimat hours (r = 0.87), K270 (r = 0.75) and total polyphenol content (r = 0.94).

scholarly journals Identification and Quantification of Olive Oil Quality Parameters Using an Electronic Nose

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Olive Oil Quality ◽  
Quality Categories

An electronic nose (EN), which is a kind of chemical sensor, was employed to check olive oil quality parameters. Fifty samples of olive oil, covering the four quality categories extra virgin, virgin, ordinary virgin and lampante, were gathered from different Palestinian cities. The samples were analysed chemically using routine tests and signals for each chemical were obtained using EN. Each signal acquisition represents the concentration of certain chemical constituents. Partial least squares (PLS) models were used to analyse both chemical and EN data. The results demonstrate that the EN was capable of modelling the acidity parameter with a good performance. The correlation coefficients of the PLS-1 model for acidity were 0.87 and 0.88 for calibration and validation sets, respectively. Furthermore, the values of the standard error of performance to standard deviation (RPD) for acidity were 2.61 and 2.68 for the calibration and the validation sets, respectively. It was found that two principal components (PCs) in the PLS-1 scores plot model explained 86% and 5% of EN and acidity variance, respectively. PLS-1 scores plot showed a high performance in classifying olive oil samples according to quality categories. The results demonstrated that EN can predict/model acidity with good precision. Additionally, EN was able to discriminate between diverse olive oil quality categories.

Retrained Classification of Tyrosinase Inhibitors and “In Silico” Potency Estimation by Using Atom-Type Linear Indices

2013 ◽  
pp. 322-427
Keyword(s):  
External Validation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Oecd Principles ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Global Accuracy

In this paper, the authors present an effort to increase the applicability domain (AD) by means of retraining models using a database of 701 great dissimilar molecules presenting anti-tyrosinase activity and 728 drugs with other uses. Atom-based linear indices and best subset linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to develop individual classification models. Eighteen individual classification-based QSAR models for the tyrosinase inhibitory activity were obtained with global accuracy varying from 88.15-91.60% in the training set and values of Matthews correlation coefficients (C) varying from 0.76-0.82. The external validation set shows globally classifications above 85.99% and 0.72 for C. All individual models were validated and fulfilled by OECD principles. A brief analysis of AD for the training set of 478 compounds and the new active compounds included in the re-training was carried out. Various assembled multiclassifier systems contained eighteen models using different selection criterions were obtained, which provide possibility of select the best strategy for particular problem. The various assembled multiclassifier systems also estimated the potency of active identified compounds. Eighteen validated potency models by OECD principles were used.

scholarly journals Shelf-Life Prediction of Extra Virgin Olive Oils Using an Empirical Model Based on Standard Quality Tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Guillaume ◽  
Leandro Ravetti
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Virgin Olive Oils ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Basic Quality

Extra virgin olive oil shelf-life could be defined as the length of time under normal storage conditions within which no off-flavours or defects are developed and quality parameters such as peroxide value and specific absorbance are retained within accepted limits for this commercial category. Prediction of shelf-life is a desirable goal in the food industry. Even when extra virgin olive oil shelf-life should be one of the most important quality markers for extra virgin olive oil, it is not recognised as a legal parameter in most regulations and standards around the world. The proposed empirical formula to be evaluated in the present study is based on common quality tests with known and predictable result changes over time and influenced by different aspects of extra virgin olive oil with a meaningful influence over its shelf-life. The basic quality tests considered in the formula are Rancimat® or induction time (IND); 1,2-diacylglycerols (DAGs); pyropheophytin a (PPP); and free fatty acids (FFA). This paper reports research into the actual shelf-life of commercially packaged extra virgin olive oils versus the predicted shelf-life of those oils determined by analysing the expected deterioration curves for the three basic quality tests detailed above. Based on the proposed model, shelf-life is predicted by choosing the lowest predicted shelf-life of any of those three tests.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of the Physicochemical Parameters of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Ecotype Oils in the Oasis Region of Degache (Tunisia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Fathi Ben Amar ◽  
Sihem Ben Maachia ◽  
Mohamed Ayadi
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Refraction Index ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Parameter Values

SummaryA total of seventeen olive ecotypes were identified in the oasis region of Degache (Tozeur, Tunisia). The following physicochemical parameters of their oils were studied: acidity, refraction index, polyphenol, chlorophyll and carotene contents, oleic, palmitic and linoleic acid levels and the UV absorbance (K232 and K270). The acidity, K232 and K270 parameter values were used to classify most of the olive oils considered as ‘extra virgin’. The highest carotene, chlorophyll and polyphenol contents of the olive oils examined were found to be 13.60 ppm, 9.10 ppm and 796 ppm, respectively. The oleic acid level of the olive oils considered ranged between 47% and 73%, whereas the palimtic acid level ranged between 11.8% and 23%, and the linoleic acid level ranged between 8.8% and 22.5%. Therefore, the fatty acid composition of the most olive oils considered was in keeping with the IOC norms. The Pearson correlation coefficients obtained were found to be negatively significant for the oleic, palmitic and linoleic acid levels recorded. The cluster and principal component analyses performed revealed the importance of fatty acids and polyphenol contents in the clustering of olive ecotypes. The selection of olive ecotypes according to oil quality is possible, requiring further studies focusing especially on their agronomic characters.

scholarly journals Conventional and Ultra-fast Analysis Exposing the Harvest Date Impact on Lebanese Olive Oil: The Soury Variety

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Omar H. Dib ◽  
Christophe B. Y. Cordella ◽  
Rita Yaacoub ◽  
Hussein Dib ◽  
Nathalie Locquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
The Impact

The impact of harvest period on the quality parameters, polyphenols, fatty acids, sterols, and volatile compounds of Lebanese olive oil from the Soury variety was investigated in this study. Two groups of olive oil were compared, each with a specific harvest date. HD1 was harvested in October, whereas HD2 was picked in November. The analysis of both olive oil categories showed that HD2 witnessed a significant increase in all quality parameters except K270 and a decrease in total polyphenol content from 138 mg/mL to 44 mg/mL. Oleic and linoleic acids had an inverse relation, where the former decreased and the latter increased with the harvest date’s advancement. Palmitic acid in both groups was higher than the standards set for extra virgin olive oil. The relative amount of β -Sitosterol was mainly found to decrease, while those of stigmasterol, ∆5,24 -stigmastadienol, ∆7 -stigmastenol, and ∆7 -avenasterol increased with delaying harvest time. As for the volatile compounds, principle component analysis was used on the flash GC data to differentiate HD1 from HD2. Ethanol was found mostly characterizing HD2, whereas HD1 was influenced by 1-hexanol and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal. It can be concluded that the Soury variety should be harvested early, and a delay would result in the declassification of Lebanese olive oil quality from extra virgin to virgin olive oil.

scholarly journals Visible Near Infrared Spectroscopy as a Green Technology: An Environmental Impact Comparative Study on Olive Oil Analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Casson ◽  
Roberto Beghi ◽  
Valentina Giovenzana ◽  
Ilaria Fiorindo ◽  
Alessio Tugnolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
The European Union

The olive oil industry is a significant productive sector in the European Union and the related production process is characterised by practices and techniques associated with several adverse effects on the environment. In the literature, many works on the environmental impact assessment of the olive oil chain have been carried out but the effects of the analytical analyses procedures were considered to be negligible. Currently, the reduction of solvents and of energy consumption in the laboratory has become a crucial aspect to be investigated. In this scenario, non-destructive optical methods based on visible/near-infrared (vis/NIR) spectroscopy represent a simple, rapid, and easy-to-use method to predict olive and olive oil quality parameters. Therefore, the aim of the work was to evaluate the environmental impact of the use of optical vis/NIR technologies for analytical assessment in comparison to chemical analyses on olive oil. The life cycle assessment method (LCA) was used. The functional unit defined for this study was the analysis and a “from cradle to grave” approach was applied. The vis/NIR technology results were distinctly better, by 36 times on average, than the chemical methods. Attention must be paid to the calibration phase of the vis/NIR instrumentation: In this case, the two methods must coexist for this initial procedure to obtain the required reference data for a reliable chemometric model. In conclusion, the vis/NIR spectroscopy gives very reliable results and can be considered a green technology, representing a choice among applications of low environmental impact analytical technologies.

Retrained Classification of Tyrosinase Inhibitors and “In Silico” Potency Estimation by Using Atom-Type Linear Indices

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-144
Author(s):  
Gerardo M. Casañola-Martín ◽  
Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan ◽  
Huong Le-Thi-Thu ◽  
Yovani Marrero-Ponce ◽  
Ramón García-Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Validation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Atom Type ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Oecd Principles ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Global Accuracy

In this paper, the authors present an effort to increase the applicability domain (AD) by means of retraining models using a database of 701 great dissimilar molecules presenting anti-tyrosinase activity and 728 drugs with other uses. Atom-based linear indices and best subset linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to develop individual classification models. Eighteen individual classification-based QSAR models for the tyrosinase inhibitory activity were obtained with global accuracy varying from 88.15-91.60% in the training set and values of Matthews correlation coefficients (C) varying from 0.76-0.82. The external validation set shows globally classifications above 85.99% and 0.72 for C. All individual models were validated and fulfilled by OECD principles. A brief analysis of AD for the training set of 478 compounds and the new active compounds included in the re-training was carried out. Various assembled multiclassifier systems contained eighteen models using different selection criterions were obtained, which provide possibility of select the best strategy for particular problem. The various assembled multiclassifier systems also estimated the potency of active identified compounds. Eighteen validated potency models by OECD principles were used.

scholarly journals Near UV-Vis and NMR Spectroscopic Methods for Rapid Screening of Antioxidant Molecules in Extra-Virgin Olive Oil

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1245
Author(s):  
Giulia Vicario ◽  
Alessandra Francini ◽  
Mario Cifelli ◽  
Valentina Domenici ◽  
Luca Sebastiani
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Several spectroscopic techniques have been optimized to check extra-virgin olive oil quality and authenticity, as well as to detect eventual adulterations. These methods are usually complementary and can give information about different olive oil chemical components with bioactive and antioxidant properties. In the present work, a well-characterized set of extra-virgin olive oil (cultivar Frantoio) samples from a specific area of Tuscany (Italy) were investigated by combining near UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to identify and quantify different chemical components, such as pigments, secoiridoids and squalene, related to the nutritional and quality properties of olive oils. Moreover, the pigmentation index of olives, organoleptic and sensory properties, total phenolic compound contents and the lipidic fractions of olive oils were investigated. The results obtained are, finally, compared and discussed in order to correlate several properties of both olives and olive oils with specific features of the cultivation area.

Effect of different foliar particle films (kaolin and zeolitite) on chemical and sensory properties of olive oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Rotondi ◽  
Gianpaolo Bertazza ◽  
Barbara Faccini ◽  
Giacomo Ferretti ◽  
Lucia Morrone
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Continuous Mill ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ripening Index

<p>During the growing season, the use of foliar treatments based on fine grained geomaterial to reduce the negative impact of environmental stresses and protect the olives from insect pests is a well-known approach; however, while kaolin powders have been widely employed, zeolitite-based materials are much less known and exploited.</p><p>The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the two different treatments (zeolitite and kaolin) on the chemical and sensory qualities of the oils produced.</p><p>The study was carried out during two consecutive crop seasons in a 15 year old commercial olive orchard (Olea europaea), cv Correggiolo, located on the Appennine hills near Bologna (Italy). Foliar treatments were distributed during summer, until olive harvest. Ripening index, weight, oil and water content were measured on olive fruits. Olive productions were transformed in oils using a low scale continuous mill, quality parameters (free acidity, peroxide numbers, K232, K270, total phenols, fatty acids) were evaluated according to the official methods described in Regulation EC 2568/91 and subsequent amendments. Phenolic compounds, vitamins and pigments were determined by HPLC-DAD. Sensory analysis was performed by the panel of Agency for Agrofood Sector Services of Marche region (ASSAM), a fully-trained analytical taste panel recognized by the International Olive Oil Council (IOC) of Madrid, Spain, and by the Italian Ministry for Agriculture, Food, and Forestry Policy.</p><p>Olives treated with zeolite showed higher oil contents with respect to the other treatments. Oils produced by plants treated with zeolite particle film exhibited higher contents of total phenols, tyrosol, oleuropein and secoiridoids than to the oils produced by other treatments. Oils produced from olives treated with kaolin had sensory profiles characterized by sweet notes ascribable to ripe fruits, the tasters perceived notes of berries that are not typical of the Correggiolo cultivar.</p><p>The sensory taint test revealed a statistically significant difference between oils produced from olives treated with kaolin and the control, whereas no difference emerged between oils obtained from olives treated with zeolite and the control.</p><p>Particle film can influence some physiological plant parameters (photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency) and, by consequence, it has also an influence on olive and oil quality. Olive plants treated with zeolite produced oils with higher antioxidant endowment, while oils produced from plants treated with kaolin were characterized by lower phenolic contents. Moreover, the kaolin treatment significantly affected the organoleptic properties of oils.</p>

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