PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S SENSITIVITY FORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF INVOLVEMENT IN CHARITY EVENTS

In the paper, based on the study of national and foreign literature, a terminological analysis of the pedagogical essence of the category ‘sensitivity’ as a leading moral quality of the individual, the foundation of which is laid in preschool childhood. The category “sensitivity” is interpreted as an attentive, cordial, friendly, and sympathetic attitude to people, to someone’s grief, experiences, and needs; care for the people’s needs, requests and desires, attention to their problems, interests; compassion for others, willingness to help; the ability to actively, quickly respond to life events, facts with verbal approval or support action about the misfortune, grief that befell someone.The issue of involving preschool children in voluntary, charitable, motivated, socially useful activities and their sensitivity formation as a basic quality of personality is considered. It is proved that charitable actions are an active form of educational practice, in which the child becomes proactive and independent in choosing ways to express their interests, in providing selfless assistance to those who need it.The importance of socio-pedagogical and environmental actions as an environment where preschoolers develop a willingness to help, show compassion and empathy, understand the problems of another person (animal) and the nuances of their mental and physical condition. It is emphasized that the involvement of preschool children in charitable activities contributes to the exercise of the ability to see the difficulties of other people (animals), respond adequately to them, help, act selflessly, enjoy their kindness and care for others, education of indifference to others.

FORMATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S CREATIVITY

The article reveals the urgency of the issue of forming the individual’s creative potential. The essence and characteristics of the category ‘creativity’ are clarified. The views of scientists on the structure of creativity are described. It is noted that there is no single interpretation of the concept of the category ‘creativity’ and there are different approaches to its formation. Creativity is a multidimensional formation and is defined as the ability to creative activity, as a set of intellectual, personal qualities of the individual, the individuality display and its ability to pose a problem, create new and original ideas, go beyond a given situation, solve problems, and achieve unusual results.The meaning of the category ‘a preschool child’s creativity’ is determined. It is shown that creativity is a basic quality of a preschooler’s personality along with observation, independence, initiative, responsibility, sensitivity, and justice. It is stated that preschool age is sensitive for the formation of creative activity and development of creativity, because in this age period the child actively accumulates knowledge and masters the necessary experience for creativity, shows curiosity, observation, seeks to learn new things. Intensive development of the cognitive and personal sphere and inclusion in various activities are the basis for the creativity development.Based on the analysis of the results of scientific research and pedagogical practice, a conclusion is made about the need to take into account the conditions for the formation and realization of preschoolers’ creative potential of.In particular, the creation of the necessary developmental environment that anticipates the development of the child; ensuring a positive psychological climate, which provides for a friendly atmosphere both in the family and in the preschool institution; giving the child freedom in the choice of activities, means of its implementation, methods of action and maximum avoidance of clear regulations; promoting the formation of cognitive motivation, cognitive activity by creating the necessary conditions for creative activity of the child; promoting the development of imagination, critical thinking, the formation of the ability to combine previously known methods of action with new ones, the ability to abandon the stereotypes of thinking, to offer unusual options and find alternatives in solving the given problems.

Impact of Catastrophic Health Expenditures on Chinese Household Consumption

China has built a social medical insurance system that covers the entire population so as to reduce the impact of diseases on individuals and families. Although the decline in the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) in China is encouraging, this issue remains important. On the basis of considering selectivity bias and heterogeneity, we applied propensity score matching (PSM) to analyze the 2018 data from the China Family Panel Studies. We assigned CHE households and non-CHE households to the treatment group and the control group, respectively, and used non-random data to simulate a randomized trial to investigate the impact of CHE on household consumption in China. The results of this study indicate that, when the threshold is set at 40%, the consumption of households experiencing CHEs (CHE household) is significantly lower than that of households not experiencing CHEs (non-CHE households) and that CHEs have a significant negative impact on other household consumption and a significant impact on the household property and debt. This effect still exists when the threshold is set lower, with household essential consumption most affected. The occurrence of CHEs leads to a reduction in household consumption and a significantly worsening financial situation for the CHE households, impacting the basic quality of life of the families. Therefore, it is necessary to further reform the medical and health system to reduce the high medical expenses.

Basic Quality Controls Used in Skin Tissue Engineering

Reconstruction of skin defects is often a challenging effort due to the currently limited reconstructive options. In this sense, tissue engineering has emerged as a possible alternative to replace or repair diseased or damaged tissues from the patient’s own cells. A substantial number of tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs) have been conceived and evaluated in vitro and in vivo showing promising results in the preclinical stage. However, only a few constructs have been used in the clinic. The lack of standardization in evaluation methods employed may in part be responsible for this discrepancy. This review covers the most well-known and up-to-date methods for evaluating the optimization of new TESSs and orientative guidelines for the evaluation of TESSs are proposed.

Peningkatan Produktivitas Bagian Pengepakan Menggunakan Basic Quality Tools di PT. XYZ

This research is the application of quality control tools within the scope of increasing productivity of the packaging department at PT. XYZ. This study aims to determine the factors causing the decline in productivity in the packing warehouse area. The first step of the research is to analyze the input data using a Pareto diagram. The source of problems that occur from outside the packing area are four cases, namely Canceled Delivery, Part Received Without Documents, No Stock and Quality Issue. Meanwhile, for problems that occur from internal packaging, there are two, namely the No Packaging Box and No Operator Entering. By using the Ishikawa diagram and 5 whys, the sources of problems that occur in the internal packing area are analyzed further and obtained several sources of problems that contribute greatly to the decline in productivity in the packaging area, namely the process of purchasing packaging boxes which takes quite a long time and long working hours from the packaging team. Some of the solutions for internal problems offered include changing the carton box procurement process using blanket orders, upgrading the team leader's capabilities with order and budget monitoring capabilities, proposing changes in the production flow for semi-finished goods and a proposal to create a temporary warehouse for semi-finished goods. Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan penerapan dari alat pengendalian qualitas dalam lingkup peningkatan produktivitas bagian pengepakan di PT. XYZ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab penurunan produktivitas diarea gudang pengepakan. Langkah awal penelitian dengan menganalisa data masukan menggunakan diagram Pareto. Sumber masalah yang terjadi dari luar area pengepakan ada empat kasus yaitu Pengiriman Dibatalkan, Part Diterima Tanpa Dokumen, Stock Tidak Ada dan Ada Issue Kualitas. Sementara untuk masalah yang terjadi dari internal pengepakan ada dua yaitu Box Pengemas Tidak ada dan Operator Tidak Masuk. Dengan menggunakan diagram Ishikawa dan 5 whys , sumber masalah yang terjadi di internal area pengepakan dianalisa lebih lanjut dan diperoleh beberapa sumber masalah yang berkontribusi besar terhadap penuruan produktivitas di area pengepakan yaitu proses pembelian box pengemas yang memakan waktu cukup lama dan jam kerja yang panjang dari tim pengepakan. Beberapa solusi untuk permasalah internal yang ditawarkan antara lain merubah proses pengadaan karton box dengan menggunakan blanket order, mengupgrade kemampuan team leader dengan kemampuan order dan budget monitoring, mengusulkan perubahan alur produksi untuk barang-barang setengah jadi serta usulan untuk membuat gudang sementara untuk barang setengah jadi.

A mean-sea-level pressure time series for Trieste, Italy (1841–2018)

A time series of mean-sea-level pressure was built from observations performed in Trieste from 1 January 1841 to 31 December 2018. Original historical documents provided information on the instruments and on the observation sites. Mercury barometers have always been available. Until 1877 they represented the only instruments in operation, while from 1878 onwards barograph records became available. The time series consists of mean daily values that were computed from 24-hourly data, when possible, or otherwise adjusted to 24 h means on the basis of climatological daily pressure cycles. The time series was homogenized on the basis of the available metadata, reducing pressure to 0 ∘C and to mean sea level. Basic quality checks were applied, including the comparison with pressure time series from nearby stations. As a result, the data prior to 1865 turned out to be suspect. A mean-sea-level pressure trend of 0.5 ± 0.2 hPa per century was estimated for the 1865–2018 period. The data are available through PANGAEA (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.926896; Raicich and Colucci, 2021).

LEARNING KNOWLEDGE OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEORETICAL ADVICE AND SCHOOL PRACTICE WITH THE HELP OF LINKING ASSIGNMENTS

This research is based on the theory that mathematical connections are established by solving problems in different ways in the study and teaching of mathematics. Based on one-on-one interviews with 12 secondary school teachers in Mongolia and two group meetings, we showed that the difference between theoretical advice and school practice in a multitasking environment depends on the basic quality of the teachers’ knowledge. A complex relationship has been revealed between different types of teachers’ knowledge.

A Method of Evaluating Apple Juice Adulteration with Sucrose Based on Its Electrical Properties and RCC Model

This study aimed to identify possibilities of controlling basic quality attributes (total soluble solids, organic acids, density, pH) and assessing the adulteration of natural dissociating solids with sucrose in apple juice produced from Malus domestica Borkh, var. Cortland, Idared, and Lobo (family Rosaceae Juss), using electrical parameters (conductivity Z, Y; capacity Cp, Cs) and the RCC equivalent electrical model. The feasibility of employing electrical parameters was established based on correlations between selected quality attributes of apple juices varying in sucrose contents in the extract TSSConc (0%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%) and their electrical parameters measured in a frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 kHz. The significant (p ≤ 0.01) correlations obtained between the selected physicochemical parameters of juice (TSSConc, OA) and electrical properties point to the feasibility of using them as an alternative quality assessment method to the reference methods (refractometric or potentiometric titration) used by the external supervising bodies. The electrical parameters (including Z100Hz and Y100Hz) measured in the RCC model can, in the future, aid the design of a simple tool for the quantitative determination of apple juice adulteration with sucrose. They also encourage further research of this electrical method as an alternative to traditional analytical methods for evaluating the authenticity or adulteration of commercial fruit juices with sucrose or other sweetening agents.