Genetic diversity and multiple antibiotic resistance index study of bacterial pathogen, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from diseased Indian major carps

Objective. To establish the resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) strains isolated in the Craiova Infectious Diseases Clinic. Material and method. Retrospective study (January 2017-December 2018); KPs were identified using the automated Vitek 2 system, which subsequently established their susceptibility to antimicrobials (usual testing for 17 antibiotics, extended testing for another 9); for each strain the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) was calculated (limits: 0-1); the information was entered into an Excel database. 45 strains were tested in 2017 and 290 in 2018. The percentage of MDR strains was calculated based on internationally accepted definitions. Results. 335 strains were identified, the vast majority isolated by sputum culture (192 strains - 57.31%). Demographic data: 330 strains (99%) were isolated in adult subjects, 190 (57%) in male patients, 185 (55%) in patients living in urban areas. The overall value of MAR was 0.37 (compared to 0.32 for all strains of isolated Gram-negative germs). Over 80% of KP strains were susceptible to Amikacin or Polymyxin E; susceptibilities between 60 and 79% were observed for Meropenem, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Ertapenem, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Levofloxacin, Cefepima, and between 40 and 59% for Ceftriaxone, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Minocycline and Im. Less than 39% of strains are susceptible to Ampicillin (± Sulbactam), Piperacillin (± Tazobactam), Ticarcillin (± Clavulanic acid), Aztreonam, Pefloxacin, Cefazolin, Nitrofurantoin. Resistance to the main classes of antibiotics shows lower values than national and european data for 3rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, but a much higher percentage of resistance to carbapenems. Over 68% of isolates are multidrug-resistant (MDR); over 60% of the strains come from sources where there is a significant contact with antimicrobials. Conclusions. Over 80% of the isolated strains are sensitive to Amikacin or Polymyxin E; a percentage of over 29% of the strains demonstrates resistance to the carbapenem class in 2018; over 68% of isolates are multidrug-resistant; over 60% of the strains come from sources where there is significant contact with antimicrobials.

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Comparative Genetic Diversity in Natural and Hatchery Populations of Indian Major Carps (C. catla and L. rohita)

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.5713/ajas.2004.1197 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 1197-1203 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. S. Rana ◽

K. V. Bhat ◽

S. Lakhanpal ◽

W. S. Lakra

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Indian Major Carps ◽

Major Carps

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Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Environment of Poultry Farms

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42662/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuvaneswary Veloo ◽

Syahidiah Syed Abu Thahir ◽

Rafiza Shaharudin ◽

Sakshaleni Rajendiran ◽

Lim Kuang Hock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Health Concern ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Contamination Level ◽

Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Poultry Farms ◽

Environmental Bacteria

Abstract Background The occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) due to the high demand in poultry industries are of great public health concern. Indiscriminate and abusive use of various antibiotics on a large scale causes antibiotic resistance (AMR) in animal-associated bacteria that may be pathogenic to humans. These bacteria are widely disseminated in the environment via animal waste. This study was therefore designed to assess the prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) among the environmental bacteria in poultry farms and to determine the risk contamination category of poultry by calculating the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI). Results More than half (58.2%) of the 511 total bacteria had MAR, and a number of bacteria were resistant to cefazolin (86.8%), fusidic acid (84.6%), ampicillin (79.3%), clindamycin (65.5%) and erythromycin (63.7%). These antibiotics are listed under the WHO’s criteria of critically and highly important antibiotics in human medicine. In this study, 39.53% of the MARI values, which indicate the contamination level in the environment, indicated a high risk, while 14.48% were ambiguous. Conclusion These results therefore have shown that MAR is present not only among humans and animals but also in environmental bacteria. The high prevalence of MAR and the MARI values, together with the resistance patterns of each bacterium, indicate various effects, including possible occupational risks among workers. This study provides an introduction to the AMR of bacteria in the environment. Further studies are needed to observe the horizontal transfer of the resistance gene and the overall mobile genetic elements in environmental bacteria.

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Antibiotic Resistance Case Study: Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Batlama Creek in Giresun, Turkey

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i8.969-972.1262 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 969 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tamer Akkan

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Surface Water ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Resistance Patterns ◽

Surveillance Programs ◽

Surface Water Bodies ◽

Weak Resistance

Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the freshwater of the Batlama Creek in Giresun, to measure their resistance levels against to antibiotics. A total of 9 antibiotics disc were applied for the resistance test. Antibiotic resistances of all isolates were at percentages for ampicillin (75%), erythromycin (64%), nalidixic acid (48%), tetracycline (39%), amikacin (34%), cefazolin and chloramphenicol (33%), cefuroxime (32%) and cefotaxime (23%), respectively. The highest resistant strain was resistant against to 9 antibiotics, while the weak resistance of 16 isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics. Moreover, Multiple antibiotic resistance index values were found to be higher than 0.2 for 77% of all isolates. High resistances of examined bacteria against to antibiotics indicated a dense and multisource pollution in the Batlama Creek. Consequently, a need for good surveillance programs to monitor antimicrobial resistance patterns in surface water bodies.

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