In Vitro Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Potato and Identification of Major QTLs

2012 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mousapour Gorji ◽  
Kinga Klara Matyas ◽  
Zsuzsanna Dublecz ◽  
Kincso Decsi ◽  
Istvan Cernak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Major Qtls ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance

Developing a Screening Tool for Osmotic Stress Tolerance Classification of Rice Cultivars Based on In Vitro Seed Germination

Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
K. Raja Reddy ◽  
Edilberto D. Redoña ◽  
Timothy Walker
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals In vitro screening of potato genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandena Gelmesa ◽  
Nigussie Dechassa ◽  
Wassu Mohammed ◽  
Endale Gebre ◽  
Philippe Monneveux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a cool season crop which is susceptible to both drought and heat stresses. Lack of suitable varieties of the crop adapted to drought-prone areas of the lowland tropics deprives farmers living in such areas the opportunity to produce and use the crop as a source of food and income. As a step towards developing such varieties, the present research was conducted to evaluate different potato genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance under in vitro conditions and identify drought tolerant genotypes for future field evaluation. The experiment was carried out at the Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany, by inducing osmotic stress using sorbitol at two concentrations (0.1 and 0.2 M) in the culture medium. A total of 43 genotypes collected from different sources (27 advanced clones from CIP, nine improved varieties, and seven farmers’ cultivars) were used in a completely randomized design with four replications in two rounds. Data were collected on root and shoot growth. The results revealed that the main effects of genotype, sorbitol treatment, and their interactions significantly (P < 0.01) influenced root and shoot growthrelated traits. Under osmotic stress, all the measured root and shoot growth traits were significantly correlated. The dendrogram obtained from the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean allowed grouping of the genotypes into tolerant, moderately tolerant, and susceptible ones to a sorbitol concentration of 0.2 M in the culture medium. Five advanced clones (CIP304350.100, CIP304405.47, CIP392745.7, CIP388676.1, and CIP388615.22) produced shoots and rooted earlier than all other genotypes, with higher root numbers, root length, shoot and root mass under osmotic stress conditions induced by sorbitol. Some of these genotypes had been previously identified as drought-tolerant under field conditions, suggesting the capacity of the in vitro evaluation method to predict drought stress tolerant genotypes. Most of the genotypes collected from Ethiopia were found to be susceptible to osmotic stress, except one farmers’ cultivar (Dadafa) and two improved varieties (Zemen and Belete). Field evaluation of the tested materials under drought conditions would confirm the capacity of osmotic stress tolerant genotypes to perform well under drought-prone conditions and the potential interest of in vitro evaluation as a pre-screening component in potato breeding programs.

scholarly journals Mutual Promotion of LAP2 and CAT2 Synergistically Regulates Plant Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lin-Feng Wang ◽  
Ting-Ting Li ◽  
Wen-Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salt And Osmotic Stress

Almost all abiotic stresses induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) overaccumulation, causing oxidative damages to plant cells. Catalase (CAT) plays a vital role in plant oxidative stress tolerance by scavenging stress-induced excess H2O2; thus, the identification of factors regulating catalase function will shed light on the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Here, we identified leucine aminopeptidase 2 (LAP2) as a novel CAT2-interacting protein and showed a mutual promotion effect of the two proteins in plant stress responses. LAP2 has a physical interaction with CAT2 in plant cells. The loss-of-function mutant of LAP2, lap2-3, is hypersensitive to salt or osmotic stress with increased ROS accumulation and malondialdehyde content and decreased catalase activity. The lap2-3 mutant has less CAT2 protein levels as CAT2 protein stability is impaired in the mutant. Scavenging excess ROS by glutathione or overexpressing CAT2 in the lap2-3 mutant recovers its hypersensitive phenotype to salt or osmotic stress. Further study showed that CAT2 promotes LAP2 hydrolysis activity with leucine-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amides as a substrate in vivo and in vitro, and thus, similar to the lap2-3 mutant, the cat2-1 mutant also has lower γ-aminobutyric acid content than the wild type. Together, our study reveals mutual promotion effects of CAT2 and LAP2 in conferring plant salt and osmotic stress tolerance.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of osmotic stress tolerance using a novel root recovery assay

2008 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Maruyama ◽  
Ryohei Koyama ◽  
Takeru Oi ◽  
Masafumi Yagi ◽  
Migiwa Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Recovery Assay ◽  
Root Recovery

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Novel Cytochrome P450 Promotes Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad ◽  
Jianyu ◽  
Xu ◽  
Noman ◽  
Jameel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance

Flavonoids are mainly associated with growth, development, and responses to diverse abiotic stresses in plants. A growing amount of data have demonstrated the biosynthesis of flavonoids through multienzyme complexes of which the membrane‐bounded cytochrome P450 supergene family shares a crucial part. However, the explicit regulation mechanism of Cytochrome P450s related to flavonoid biosynthesis largely remains elusive. In the present study, we reported the identification of a stress-tolerant flavonoid biosynthetic CtCYP82G24 gene from Carthamus tinctorius. The transient transformation of CtCYP82G24 determined the subcellular localization to the cytosol. Heterologously expressed CtCYP82G24 was effective to catalyze the substrate-specific conversion, promoting the de novo biosynthesis of flavonoids in vitro. Furthermore, a qRT-PCR assay and the accumulation of metabolites demonstrated that the expression of CtCYP82G24 was effectively induced by Polyethylene glycol stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. In addition, the overexpression of CtCYP82G24 could also trigger expression levels of several other flavonoid biosynthetic genes in transgenic plants. Taken together, our findings suggest that CtCYP82G24 overexpression plays a decisive regulatory role in PEG-induced osmotic stress tolerance and alleviates flavonoid accumulation in transgenic Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals CAND2/PMTR1 Is Required for Melatonin-Conferred Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4014
Author(s):  
Lin-Feng Wang ◽  
Ting-Ting Li ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jia-Xing Guo ◽  
Kai-Kai Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Wild Type Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Melatonin Receptor ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Stress Response ◽  
In The Wild

Osmotic stress severely inhibits plant growth and development, causing huge loss of crop quality and quantity worldwide. Melatonin is an important signaling molecule that generally confers plant increased tolerance to various environmental stresses, however, whether and how melatonin participates in plant osmotic stress response remain elusive. Here, we report that melatonin enhances plant osmotic stress tolerance through increasing ROS-scavenging ability, and melatonin receptor CAND2 plays a key role in melatonin-mediated plant response to osmotic stress. Upon osmotic stress treatment, the expression of melatonin biosynthetic genes including SNAT1, COMT1, and ASMT1 and the accumulation of melatonin are increased in the wild-type plants. The snat1 mutant is defective in osmotic stress-induced melatonin accumulation and thus sensitive to osmotic stress, while exogenous melatonin enhances the tolerance of the wild-type plant and rescues the sensitivity of the snat1 mutant to osmotic stress by upregulating the expression and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase to repress H2O2 accumulation. Further study showed that the melatonin receptor mutant cand2 exhibits reduced osmotic stress tolerance with increased ROS accumulation, but exogenous melatonin cannot revert its osmotic stress phenotype. Together, our study reveals that CADN2 functions necessarily in melatonin-conferred osmotic stress tolerance by activating ROS-scavenging ability in Arabidopsis.

Precursor processing by SBT3.8 and phytosulfokine signaling contribute to drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Stührwohldt ◽  
Eric Bühler ◽  
Margret Sauter ◽  
Andreas Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Lateral Root Development ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Peptide Precursor

Abstract Increasing drought stress poses a severe threat to agricultural productivity. Plants, however, evolved numerous mechanisms to cope with such environmental stress. Here we report that the stress-induced production of a peptide signal contributes to stress tolerance. The expression of phytosulfokine (PSK) peptide precursor genes, and transcripts of three subtilisin-like serine proteases, SBT1.4, SBT3.7 and SBT3.8 were found to be up-regulated in response to osmotic stress. Stress symptoms were enhanced in sbt3.8 loss-of-function mutants and could be alleviated by PSK treatment. Osmotic stress tolerance was improved in plants overexpressing the precursor of PSK1 (proPSK1) or SBT3.8 resulting in higher fresh weight and improved lateral root development in the transgenic compared to wild-type plants. We further showed that SBT3.8 is involved in the biogenesis of the bioactive PSK peptide. ProPSK1 was cleaved by SBT3.8 at the C-terminus of the PSK pentapeptide. Processing by SBT3.8 depended on the aspartic acid residue directly following the cleavage site. ProPSK1 processing was impaired in the sbt3.8 mutant. The data suggest that increased expression in response to osmotic stress followed by the post-translational processing of proPSK1 by SBT3.8 leads to the production of PSK as a peptide signal for stress mitigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document