Temporal Variability in Ecological Stoichiometry and Material Exchange in a Tidally Dominated Estuary (North Inlet, South Carolina) and the Impact on Community Nutrient Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 2223-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Bell ◽  
Susan Denham ◽  
Erik M. Smith ◽  
Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Ecological Stoichiometry ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
North Inlet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Material Exchange

Shark Nursery Grounds of the Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast Waters of the United States

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
The United States ◽  
North Inlet ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Sandbar Shark ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Salinity Regime ◽  
Carcharhinus Limbatus ◽  
Winyah Bay ◽  
The Impact

<em>Abstract.</em>—Winyah Bay is a 65-km<sup>2</sup> estuary in northeast South Carolina, and North Inlet is a 32- km<sup>2</sup>, high-salinity estuary connected to both Winyah Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. The objectives of this study were to survey the shark fauna of these systems, determine the potential of these estuaries as shark nurseries, and assess the impact of salinity structure on shark diversity and abundance in these two estuaries. From May to November in 2002 (a drier than average year) and 2003 (a wetter than average year), 227 bottom longlines (16/0 and 12/0 hooks) were set in Winyah Bay. In 2002 and 2003, a total of 119 trammel net sets were also conducted from June to October in North Inlet. A total of 196 sharks (38 adults, 158 juveniles) representing 10 species were captured in Winyah Bay in 2002, whereas 73 sharks (17 adults and 56 juveniles) representing four species were caught in 2003. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) for all sharks caught in Winyah Bay was not significantly different between 2002 and 2003. Blacktip shark <em>Carcharhinus limbatus </em>and finetooth shark <em>C. isodon </em>CPUE declined significantly on 16/0 hook longlines set in Winyah Bay from 2002 to 2003. For 12/0 hook longlines set in Winyah Bay, CPUE for three species (sandbar shark <em>C. plumbeus</em>, Atlantic sharpnose shark <em>Rhizoprionodon terraenovae</em>, and finetooth shark) out of five declined significantly from 2002 to 2003. Within Winyah Bay, CPUE for sharks on both longline configurations was not significantly different between lower and middle bay sites for 2002 but was for 2003. In both years, CPUE correlated positively with bottom salinity in Winyah Bay. In North Inlet, in 2002, 30 sharks (20 adults, 10 juveniles) comprising five species were caught, whereas 57 sharks (26 adults and 31 juveniles) representing three species were caught in 2003. The CPUE in 2002 was significantly less than in 2003 in North Inlet for Atlantic sharpnose sharks, bonnetheads <em>Sphyrna tiburo</em>, and all sharks combined. This study documented the presence of adults and juveniles (including neonates and young of the year) for 10 species of sharks in Winyah Bay and 5 in North Inlet and thus identified these areas as shark habitat and potential primary and secondary nurseries for some shark species. We also observed salinity-related differences in the distribution of sharks in both estuaries, including differences in abundance and age-class, as a result of normal salinity regime and precipitation-induced salinity changes.

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014
Author(s):  
Sulaiman & Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

Feasibility and preliminary data for a State-wide South Carolina Lupus Registry

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110145
Author(s):  
Brittany L Smalls ◽  
Trevor D Faith ◽  
Hetlena Johnson ◽  
Edith M Williams
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Control Board ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or lupus is an autoimmune disorder whose cause and reason for disproportionate impact on minorities remains enigmatic. Furthermore, statistics describing lupus incidence and prevalence are outdated and often based on small samples. To begin to address this disparity this report describes preliminary data to be utilized in the development of a state-wide lupus registry in South Carolina. Methods A prospective survey and retrospective data from the South Carolina Budget and Control Board Office of Research & Statistics were used to capture data pertaining to knowledge of lupus, prevalence, and access to lupus care. Results Retrospective ORS data indicated there were 11,690 individuals living with lupus in 2014 with the average direct cost of $69,999.40 in medical care. Prospective surveys (N = 325), in over 16 locations in South Carolina, showed 31% knew someone with lupus, 16% had been diagnosed with lupus, and 50% did not know of a medical facility that treated lupus. Conclusion A lupus registry and repository will provide ongoing access for researchers on the impact of lupus on communities in South Carolina. Lupus is highly prevalent, but disproportionately represented in terms of patient information and participation in clinical trials, so it is also expected that this preliminary work will provide an ongoing process in which the medical community can better engage lupus patients.

scholarly journals 1415. A qualitative study of intersectional stigma among older adults living with HIV who are victims of childhood sexual abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S715-S715
Author(s):  
Chigozie A Nkwonta ◽  
Monique Brown ◽  
Titilayo James ◽  
Amandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Intersectional stigma is based upon co-occurring and intersecting identities or conditions and occurs at multiple levels of influence. Intersectional stigma has been repeatedly associated with poor health behaviors and outcomes. The effect of intersectional stigma among older adults are particularly challenging due to issues related to ageism, loss of social support, and comorbidities. We examined the impact of multiple stigmas on older adults living with HIV who are victims of childhood sexual abuse. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposefully selected heterogeneous sample of 24 adults living with HIV who are 50 years and older in South Carolina. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using thematic analysis. Results Participants shared experiences and perceptions of stigma and discrimination most commonly related to their HIV status and sexuality at the interpersonal/familial and community levels. Four themes emerged to explain the impact of intersectional stigma: depression, lack of HIV disclosure, limited support, and reduced intimacy. Conclusion The complexity of multiple stigmas profoundly shapes life experiences, opportunities, and mental health of older adults living with HIV. This study highlights that public health programs need to consider the impact of intersectional stigma in order to promote the wellbeing of and improve quality of life for older adults living with HIV. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Franco-British responses to chemical warfare 1915–8, with special reference to the medical services, casualty statistics and the threat to civilians

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Hanene Zoghlami
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Chemical Weapon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
British Chemical ◽  
Material Exchange

AbstractThis dual-focussed examination will critically compare and contrast the British Royal Army Medical Corps and the French Medical Service’s involvement in the Western Front chemical campaign between 1915 and 1918. Because the Anglophone historiography has tended to marginalise the French contribution to the allied chemical war, this article will attempt to re-balance the historical narrative by emphasising the collective nature and importance of this joint Franco-British enterprise. By interrogating a raft of under-utilised primary evidence in the French and British archives, this investigation will contribute to the ‘alliance literature’ by arguing that when it comes to aspects of the Franco-British chemical war such as the co-operation of the medical services, the appellation ‘together but alone’ does not fully hold. The article will explore avenues of the two national armies evolving process of mutual medical assistance, material exchange and scientific collaboration. The striking similarity of French and British gas casualty statistics is highlighted with reference to the overall congruence of their anti-gas strategies – notwithstanding the problematic nature of these statistics. In addition to enhancing soldiers’ resistance to the poison gas threat on the battlefield, the Medical Services were also responsible for the protection of local civilians in the war zones. With reference mainly to France, this investigation will discuss the significance and implications of the poison gas threat to the home front. Finally, the impact of chemical weapon production upon civilian war workers in France and Britain will be commented upon.

scholarly journals The influence of riparian woodland on the spatial and temporal variability of stream water temperatures in an upland salmon stream

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Malcolm ◽  
D. M. Hannah ◽  
M. J. Donaghy ◽  
C. Soulsby ◽  
A. F. Youngson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Riparian Woodland

Abstract. The spatio-temporal variability of stream water temperatures was investigated at six locations on the Girnock Burn (30km2 catchment), Cairngorms, Scotland over three hydrological years between 1998 and 2002. The key site-specific factors affecting the hydrology and climatology of the sampling points were investigated as a basis for physical process inference. Particular emphasis was placed on assessing the effects of riparian forest in the lower catchment versus the heather moorland riparian zones that are spatially dominant in the upper catchment. The findings were related to river heat budget studies that provided process detail. Gross changes in stream temperature were affected by the annual cycle of incoming solar radiation and seasonal changes in hydrological and climatological conditions. Inter-annual variation in these controlling variables resulted in inter-annual variability in thermal regime. However, more subtle inter-site differences reflected the impact of site-specific characteristics on various components of the river energy budget. Inter-site variability was most apparent at shorter time scales, during the summer months and for higher stream temperatures. Riparian woodland in the lower catchment had a substantial impact on thermal regime, reducing diel variability (over a period of 24 hours) and temperature extremes. Observed inter-site differences are likely to have a substantial effect on freshwater ecology in general and salmonid fish in particular. Keywords: temperature, thermal regime, forest, salmon, hydrology, Girnock Burn, Cairngorm

Factors affecting spatial and temporal variability in material exchange between the Southern Everglades wetlands and Florida Bay (USA)

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 757-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha A. Sutula ◽  
Brian C. Perez ◽  
Enrique Reyes ◽  
Daniel L. Childers ◽  
Steve Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Florida Bay ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Material Exchange

Lessons Learned Over More than 500 Stroke Thrombectomies Using ADAPT With Increasing Aspiration Catheter Size

Neurosurgery ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Alawieh ◽  
A Rano Chatterjee ◽  
Jan Vargas ◽  
M Imran Chaudry ◽  
Jonathan Lena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Stent Retriever ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
University Of South Carolina ◽  
Endovascular Thrombectomy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Endovascular thrombectomy is currently the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Although earlier trials on endovascular thrombectomy were performed using stent retrievers, recently completed the contact aspiration vs stent retriever for successful revascularization (ASTER) and a comparison of direct aspiration versus stent retriever as a first approach (COMPASS) trials have shown the noninferiority of direct aspiration. OBJECTIVE To report the largest experience with ADAPT thrombectomy and compare the impact of advancement in reperfusion catheter technologies on outcomes. METHODS We reviewed a retrospective database of AIS patients who underwent ADAPT thrombectomy between January 2013 and November 2017 at the Medical University of South Carolina. Demographics and baseline characteristics, technical variables, and radiological and clinical outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS Among 510 patients (mean age: 67.7, 50.6% females), successful recanalization at first pass was achieved in 61.8%, and with aspiration only in 77.5%. Mean procedure time was 27.4 min, and the rate of good outcomes (mRS 0-2) at 90 d was 42.9%. The rate of recanalization with aspiration only was significantly higher, and procedure time was significantly lower in patients treated with larger catheters (ACE 064 and ACE 068) compared to smaller catheters (5 MAX and ACE, P < .05). There were no differences in complication rates or postoperative parenchymal hemorrhage across groups (P > .05); however, use of ACE 068 was an independent predictor of good outcomes at 90 d on multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio = 1.6, P < .05). CONCLUSION Refinement of ADAPT thrombectomy by incorporating reperfusion catheters with higher inner diameters and thus higher aspiration forces is associated with better outcomes, shorter procedure times, and lower likelihood of using additional devices without impacting complication rates.

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