scholarly journals A new approach to measure reduction intensity on cores and tools on cobbles: the Volumetric Reconstruction Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lombao ◽  
Arturo Cueva-Temprana ◽  
Marina Mosquera ◽  
Juan Ignacio Morales
Keyword(s):  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Volumetric Reconstruction

scholarly journals A new approach to measure reduction intensity on cores and tools on cobbles: The Volumetric Reconstruction Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lombao ◽  
José Ramón Rabuñal ◽  
Arturo Cueva-Temprana ◽  
Marina Mosquera ◽  
Juan I Morales
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Material Management ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Volumetric Reconstruction ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Ellipsoid Volume ◽  
The Individual

Knowing to what extent lithic cores have been reduced through knapping is an important step toward understanding the technological variability of lithic assemblages and disentangling the formation processes of archaeological assemblages. In addition, it is a good complement to more developed studies of reduction intensity in retouched tools, and can provide information on raw material management or site occupation dynamics. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating the intensity of reduction in cores and tools on cobbles, the Volumetric Reconstruction Method (VRM). This method is based on a correction of the dimensions (length, width, and thickness) of each core from an assemblage. The mean values of thickness and platform thickness of the assemblage’s flakes are used as corrections for the cores’ original dimensions, after its diacritic analysis. Then, based on these new dimensions, the volume or mass of the original blank are reconstructed using the ellipsoid volume formula. The accuracy of this method was experimentally tested, reproducing a variety of possible archaeological scenarios. The experimental results demonstrate a high inferential potential of the VRM, both in estimating the original volume or mass of the original blanks, and in inferring the individual percentage of reduction for each core. The results of random resampling demonstrate the applicability of VRM to non size-biased archaeological contexts.

Atom Probe Reconstruction With a Locally Varying Emitter Shape

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Beinke ◽  
Guido Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Atom Probe Tomography ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Radial Symmetry ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Surrounding Matrix ◽  
Projection Approach ◽  
Point Projection

AbstractAn improved reconstruction method for atom probe tomography is presented. In this approach, the curvature of the field emitter is variable, in contrast to the conventional reconstruction technique. The information about the tip shape at different stages of the reconstruction is directly extracted from the local density of events on the detector. To this end, the detector and the tip surface are split into different segments. According to the density distribution of events observed on the detector, the size of the corresponding segment on the tip surface is calculated, yielding an emitter profile which is not necessarily spherical. The new approach is demonstrated for emitter structures with radial symmetry that contain a spherical precipitate with a substantially lower or higher evaporation field compared to the surrounding matrix. A comparison to the conventional point projection approach is made.

scholarly journals The technological behaviours of Homo antecessor: core management and reduction intensity at Gran Dolina-TD6.2 (Atapuerca, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lombao ◽  
José Ramón Rabuñal ◽  
Juan I Morales ◽  
Andreu Ollé ◽  
Eudald Carbonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Homo Antecessor ◽  
Volumetric Reconstruction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gran Dolina

Approaching the life history of artefacts is fundamental for understanding both the formation processes of archaeological assemblages and their technological variability. In this paper, we explore the variability of technological behaviours exhibited by the hominins from subunit TD6.2 at the Gran Dolina site (Atapuerca, Burgos), by combining both technological and reduction intensity analyses of the cores recovered. We used the Volumetric Reconstruction Method (VRM) to estimate the original volume of the blanks and quantify the reduction intensity of each core individually, after which we characterised the reduction distribution patterns using Weibull probability distribution functions. Our results suggest differential raw material management in terms of reduction intensity, according to the characteristics of each lithology. This could reflect a solid understanding of raw material qualities and a certain degree of planning. From a technological perspective, our results suggest continuity between knapping strategies through reduction, which seems to indicate constant adaptation to raw material constraints as well as particular knapping conditions, rather than to specific compartmentalised mental schemes.

Accounting for the Richness of Daily Activities

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew P. White ◽  
Paul Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Day Reconstruction Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Private Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Serious consideration is being given to the impact of private behavior and public policies on people's subjective well-being (SWB). A new approach to measuring well-being, the day reconstruction method (DRM), weights the affective component of daily activities by their duration in order to construct temporal aggregates. However, the DRM neglects the potentially important role of thoughts. By adapting this method to include thoughts as well as feelings, we provide perhaps the most comprehensive measure of SWB to date. We show that some activities relatively low in pleasure (e.g., work and time with children) are nonetheless thought of as rewarding and therefore contribute to overall SWB. Such information may be important to policymakers wishing to promote behaviors that are conducive to a broader conception of SWB.

Disassembly sequence planning for electro-mechanical products under a partial destructive mode

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Song ◽  
Weidong Zhou ◽  
Xingxing Pan ◽  
Kun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disassembly Sequence Planning ◽  
Sequence Planning ◽  
Disassembly Sequence ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Product Disassembly ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – To improve the efficiency and economy of electro-mechanical product's recycle process, this paper aims to propose a disassembly sequence planning (DSP) method to reduce additional efforts of removing extra parts in selectable disassembly. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology has three parts, which includes a disassembly hybrid graphic model to describe the product disassembly information, an object inverse-directed method to optimize the disassembly design and a model reconstruction method to achieve a better DSP. Findings – According to the disassembly cost criteria and the parameters of disassembly tools, the disassembly efficiency increases and the disassembly cost decreases due to the use of partial destructive mode compared with non-destructive mode. The proposed partial destructive DSP is more efficient and economical. Research limitations/implications – Partial destructive disassembly mode cannot be used for the flammable or explosive component in the procedure of the DSP optimization algorithm. Practical implications – DSP of an electric corkscrew is analyzed to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Originality/value – This paper proposes a partial destructive disassembly based DSP method for product disassembly, which provides a new approach for the disposal of end-of-life products.

The O–C diagrams of minor planets − a new approach to modelling the rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
K. Sárneczky ◽  
L.L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Ccd Observations

AbstractA widely used tool in studying quasi-monoperiodic processes is the O–C diagram. This paper deals with the application of this diagram in minor planet studies. The main difference between our approach and the classical O–C diagram is that we transform the epoch (=time) dependence into the geocentric longitude domain. We outline a rotation modelling using this modified O–C and illustrate the abilities with detailed error analysis. The primary assumption, that the monotonity and the shape of this diagram is (almost) independent of the geometry of the asteroids is discussed and tested. The monotonity enables an unambiguous distinction between the prograde and retrograde rotation, thus the four-fold (or in some cases the two-fold) ambiguities can be avoided. This turned out to be the main advantage of the O–C examination. As an extension to the theoretical work, we present some preliminary results on 1727 Mette based on new CCD observations.

A New Approach to the Demonstration of Oxidase-Localization Using Tannic Acid Or Catechin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
V. Mizuhira ◽  
Y. Futaesaku
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
The Cross

Previously we reported that tannic acid is a very effective fixative for proteins including polypeptides. Especially, in the cross section of microtubules, thirteen submits in A-tubule and eleven in B-tubule could be observed very clearly. An elastic fiber could be demonstrated very clearly, as an electron opaque, homogeneous fiber. However, tannic acid did not penetrate into the deep portion of the tissue-block. So we tried Catechin. This shows almost the same chemical natures as that of proteins, as tannic acid. Moreover, we thought that catechin should have two active-reaction sites, one is phenol,and the other is catechole. Catechole site should react with osmium, to make Os- black. Phenol-site should react with peroxidase existing perhydroxide.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the 40S ribosomal subunit from rabbit reticulocytes

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 936-937
Author(s):  
Neng-Yu Zhang ◽  
Terence Wagenknecht ◽  
Michael Radermacher ◽  
Tom Obrig ◽  
Joachim Frank
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Ribosomal Subunits ◽  
40S Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Rabbit Reticulocytes

We have reconstructed the 40S ribosomal subunit at a resolution of 4 nm using the single-exposure pseudo-conical reconstruction method of Radermacher et al.Small (40S) ribosomal subunits were Isolated from rabbit reticulocytes, applied to grids and negatively stained (0.5% uranyl acetate) in a manner that “sandwiches” the specimen between two layers of carbon. Regions of the grid exhibiting uniform and thick staining were identified and photographed twice (magnification 49,000X). The first micrograph was always taken with the specimen tilted by 50° and the second was of the Identical area untilted (Fig. 1). For each of the micrographs the specimen was subjected to an electron dose of 2000-3000 el/nm2.Three hundred thirty particles appearing in the L view (defined in [4]) were selected from both tilted- and untilted-specimen micrographs. The untilted particles were aligned and their rotational alignment produced the azimuthal angles of the tilted particles in the conical tilt series.

Processing Immunoperoxidase Labeled Cell Monolayers and Cryostat Sesctions For Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 714-715
Author(s):  
K. Chien ◽  
R. Van de Velde ◽  
I.P. Shintaku ◽  
A.F. Sassoon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Method ◽  
Reaction Step ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Glass Slides

Immunoelectron microscopy of neoplastic lymphoma cells is valuable for precise localization of surface antigens and identification of cell types. We have developed a new approach in which the immunohistochemical staining can be evaluated prior to embedding for EM and desired area subsequently selected for ultrathin sectioning.A freshly prepared lymphoma cell suspension is spun onto polylysine hydrobromide- coated glass slides by cytocentrifugation and immediately fixed without air drying in polylysine paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixative. After rinsing in PBS, slides are stained by a 3-step immunoperoxidase method. Cell monolayer is then fixed in buffered 3% glutaraldehyde prior to DAB reaction. After the DAB reaction step, wet monolayers can be examined under LM for presence of brown reaction product and selected monolayers then processed by routine methods for EM and embedded with the Chien Re-embedding Mold. After the polymerization, the epoxy blocks are easily separated from the glass slides by heatingon a 100°C hot plate for 20 seconds.

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