Association of Subjective and Objective Socioeconomic Status with Subjective Mental Health and Mental Disorders Among Japanese Men and Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Honjo ◽  
◽  
Norito Kawakami ◽  
Masao Tsuchiya ◽  
Keiko Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Subjective Mental Health ◽  
Objective Socioeconomic Status

Prevalence of Mental Disorders by Socioeconomic Status in Australia: A Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712096865
Author(s):  
Rubayyat Hashmi ◽  
Khorshed Alam ◽  
Jeff Gow ◽  
Sonja March
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Weighted Prevalence

Purpose: To present the prevalence of 3 broad categories of mental disorder (anxiety-related, affective and other disorders) by socioeconomic status and examine the associated socioeconomic risk factors of mental disorders in Australia. Design: A population-based, cross-sectional national health survey on mental health and its risk factors across Australia. Setting: National Health Survey (NHS), 2017-2018 conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Participants: Under aged: 4,945 persons, Adult: 16,370 persons and total: 21,315 persons Measures: Patient-reported mental disorder outcomes Analysis: Weighted prevalence rates by socioeconomic status (equivalised household income, education qualifications, Socio-Economic Index for Areas (SEIFA) scores, labor force status and industry sector where the adult respondent had their main job) were estimated using cross-tabulation. Logistic regression utilizing subsamples of underage and adult age groups were analyzed to test the association between socioeconomic status and mental disorders. Results: Anxiety-related disorders were the most common type of disorders with a weighted prevalence rate of 20.04% (95% CI: 18.49-21.69) for the poorest, 13.85% (95% CI: 12.48-15.35) for the richest and 16.34% (95% CI: 15.7-17) overall. The weighted prevalence rate for mood/affective disorders were 20.19% (95% CI: 18.63-21.84) for the poorest, 9.96% (95% CI: 8.79-11.27) for the richest, and 13.57% (95% CI: 12.99-14.17) overall. Other mental disorders prevalence were for the poorest: 9.07% (95% CI: 7.91-10.39), the richest: 3.83% (95% CI: 3.14-4.66), and overall: 5.93% (95% CI: 5.53-6.36). These patterns are also reflected if all mental disorders were aggregated with the poorest: 30.97% (95% CI: 29.15-32.86), the richest: 19.59% (95% CI: 18.02-21.26), and overall: 23.93% (95% CI: 23.19-24.69). The underage logistic regression model showed significant lower odds for the middle (AOR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.53 -1.04, p < 0.1), rich (AOR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.5-0.99, p < 0.05) and richest (AOR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.41-0.89, p < 0.01) income groups. Similarly, in the adult logistic model, there were significant lower odds for middle (AOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.98, p < 0.05), rich (AOR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.86, p < 0.01) and richest (AOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.91, p < 0.01) income groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of mental disorders in Australia varied significantly across socioeconomic groups. Knowledge of different mental health needs in different socioeconomic groups can assist in framing evidence-based health promotion and improve the targeting of health resource allocation strategies.

scholarly journals The affective neuroscience of socioeconomic status: implications for mental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hao ◽  
Martha J. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Cortical Regions

SummaryWe review basic science research on neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing in individuals of differing socioeconomic status (SES). We summarise SES differences in response to positive and negative stimuli in limbic and cortical regions associated with emotion and emotion regulation. We discuss the possible relevance of neuroscience to understanding the link between mental health and SES. We hope to provide insights into future neuroscience research on the etiology and pathophysiology of mental disorders relating to SES.

scholarly journals Disentangling associations between poverty at various levels of aggregation and mental health

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Drukker ◽  
Nicole Gunther ◽  
Jim van Os
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Subjective Mental Health

AbstractThe present editorial discusses whether socioeconomic status of the individual and of the neighbourhood could be important in prevalence, treatment and prevention of psychiatric morbidity. Previous research showed that patients diagnosed with mental disorders are concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. This could be the result of (1) an association between individual socioeconomic status and mental health, (2) an association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and mental health, or (3) social selection. Research disentangling associations between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic status on the one hand and mental health outcomes on the other, reported that neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with individual mental health over and above individual-level socioeconomic status, indicating deleterious effects for all inhabitants both poor and affluent. In conclusion, subjective mental health outcomes showed stronger evidence for an effect of neighbourhood socioeconomic status than research focussing on treated incidence. Within the group of patients, however, service use was higher in patients living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Social capital was identified as one of the mechanisms whereby neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage may become associated with observed reductions in mental health. After controlling for individual socioeconomic status, there is evidence for an association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and objective as well as subjective mental health in adults. Evidence for such an association in young children is even stronger.

Social Networks and Internet Emotional Relationships on Mental Health and Quality of Life in Students: Structural Equation Modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Aliverdi ◽  
zohreh mahmoodi ◽  
Zahra Mehdizadeh Tourzani ◽  
Leili Salehi ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Direct Path ◽  
Emotional Relationships

Abstract Background: Social networks and relationships create a sense of belonging and social identity and therefore have a major effect on mental health and quality of life, especially in young people. The present study was conducted to determine the predictor role of social networks and Internet emotional relationships on mental health and quality of life in students. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 350 students at Alborz University of Medical Sciences selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using five questionnaires: Socioeconomic Status, Social Networks, Internet Emotional Relationships Mental Health, Quality of Life and a checklist of demographic details. Data were analyzed in SPSS-25, PLS-3, and Lisrel-8.8.Results: According to the path analysis results, mental health had the most significant positive causal relationship with Internet emotional relationships in the direct path (B=0.22) and the most negative relationship with socioeconomic status (B=-0.09). Mental health was assessed using DASS-21, in which higher scores mean higher mental disorders. Quality of life had the highest negative causal relationship with the DASS-21 score in the direct path (B=-0.26) and the highest positive relationship with socioeconomic status in the indirect path (B=0.023). The mean duration of using social networks (B=-0.067) and Internet emotional relationships (B=-0.089) had the highest negative relationship with quality of life.Conclusion: The use of the Internet and virtual networks, Internet emotional relationships and unfavourable socioeconomic status were associated with mental disorders and reduced quality of life in the students. Since students are the future of any country, it is necessary for policymakers to further address this group and their concerns.

scholarly journals Alcohol misuse in older people

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Rao ◽  
Ilana Crome
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Wide Range

SummaryThe clinical and public mental health aspects of alcohol misuse in older people (both men and women) have increasing relevance for both old age and addiction psychiatrists. Clinical presentations are often complex and involve a number of different psychiatric, physical and psychosocial factors. The assessment, treatment and aftercare of alcohol-related and comorbid other mental disorders will also involve a broad range of interventions from a wide range of practitioners. Given its growing clinical relevance, there are particular areas, such as alcohol-related brain damage and drug interactions with alcohol, that deserve special attention.

scholarly journals Gender and the relationship between marital status and first onset of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Scott ◽  
J. E. Wells ◽  
M. Angermeyer ◽  
T. S. Brugha ◽  
E. Bromet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Reduced Risk

BackgroundPrior research on whether marriage is equally beneficial to the mental health of men and women is inconsistent due to methodological variation. This study addresses some prior methodological limitations and investigates gender differences in the association of first marriage and being previously married, with subsequent first onset of a range of mental disorders.MethodCross-sectional household surveys in 15 countries from the WHO World Mental Health survey initiative (n=34493), with structured diagnostic assessment of mental disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Discrete-time survival analyses assessed the interaction of gender and marital status in the association with first onset of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders.ResultsMarriage (versus never married) was associated with reduced risk of first onset of most mental disorders in both genders; but for substance use disorders this reduced risk was stronger among women, and for depression and panic disorder it was confined to men. Being previously married (versus stably married) was associated with increased risk of all disorders in both genders; but for substance use disorders, this increased risk was stronger among women and for depression it was stronger among men.ConclusionsMarriage was associated with reduced risk of the first onset of most mental disorders in both men and women but there were gender differences in the associations between marital status and onset of depressive and substance use disorders. These differences may be related to gender differences in the experience of multiple role demands within marriage, especially those concerning parenting.

Structure and function of social networks, loneliness, and their association with mental disorders among older men and women in Ireland: A prospective community-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S178-S179
Author(s):  
Z. Santini ◽  
K.L. Fiori ◽  
S. Tyrovolas ◽  
J.M. Haro ◽  
J. Feeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Men And Women

IntroductionInterpersonal stressors and social isolation are detrimental for emotional health, but how these factors are related to loneliness and altogether influence risk for mental disorders is not well understood.ObjectivesTo examine the mediating role of loneliness in the associations of relationship quality and social networks with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and worry among a sample of Irish men and women in late-life.AimsTo determine the gender-specific risk for mental disorder associated with poor social relationships and loneliness among older adults.MethodsData came from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Nationally representative data on 6105 community-dwelling adults aged > 50 years were analyzed. Follow-up data was obtained two years after cohort inception. Multivariable linear regressions and mediation analyses were used to assess the associations. Analyses were stratified by gender.ResultsBetter spousal relationship quality was protective against depressive symptoms and worry for men. For both genders, support from friends was protective against depressive symptoms, and better relationship quality with children was protective against depressive symptoms and worry. Social network integration was inversely related to depressive symptoms for men. Loneliness significantly mediated most associations (Tables 1–3).ConclusionsHigh quality spousal relationships and social integration appear to play a more central role for mental health among men than for women. For both genders, poor social relationships increase feelings of loneliness, which in turn worsens mental health. Interventions to improve relationship quality and social networks, with a focus on reducing loneliness, may be beneficial for the prevention of mental disorders among older adults.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Mental disorders and distress: Associations with demographics, remoteness and socioeconomic deprivation of area of residence across Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1169-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne C Enticott ◽  
Graham N Meadows ◽  
Frances Shawyer ◽  
Brett Inder ◽  
Scott Patten
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
National Survey ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Objectives: Australian policy-making needs better information on socio-geographical associations with needs for mental health care. We explored two national surveys for information on disparities in rates of mental disorders and psychological distress. Methods: Secondary data analysis using the 2011/2012 National Health Survey and 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Key data were the Kessler 10 scores in adults in the National Health Survey ( n = 12,332) and the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing ( n = 6558) and interview-assessed disorder rates in the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Estimation of prevalence of distress and disorders for sub-populations defined by geographic and socioeconomic status of area was followed by investigation of area effects adjusting for age and gender. Results: Overall, approximately one person in 10 reported recent psychological distress at high/very-high level, this finding varying more than twofold depending on socioeconomic status of area with 16.1%, 13.3%, 12.0%, 8.4% and 6.9% affected in the most to least disadvantaged quintiles, respectively, across Australia in 2011/2012. In the most disadvantaged quintile, the percentage (24.4%) with mental disorders was 50% higher than that in the least disadvantaged quintile (16.9%) in 2007, so this trend was less strong than for Kessler10 distress. Conclusion: These results suggest that disparities in mental health status in Australia based on socioeconomic characteristics of area are substantial and persisting. Whether considering 1-year mental disorders or 30-day psychological distress, these occur more commonly in areas with socioeconomic disadvantage. The association is stronger for Kessler10 scores suggesting that Kessler10 scores behaved more like a complex composite indicator of the presence of mental and subthreshold disorders, inadequate treatment and other responses to stressors linked to socioeconomic disadvantage. To reduce the observed disparities, what might be characterised as a ‘Whole of Government’ approach is needed, addressing elements of socioeconomic disadvantage and the demonstrable and significant inequities in treatment provision.

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