scholarly journals Oxfordian brachiopods from the ammonitico rosso-type Fonyászó Limestone formation at Zengővárkony, Mecsek Mountains, Hungary and their palaeoecological, palaeobiogeographical and palaeopathological significance

PalZ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Bujtor ◽  
Richárd Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Shell Shape ◽  
Early Developmental Stage ◽  
Ventral Valve ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
Lime Kilns ◽  
Brachiopod Fauna ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Developmental

AbstractRecent discovery of a previously unknown outcrop in the vicinity of the Zengővárkony lime-kilns (Mecsek Mountains, Hungary) provided a few identifiable upper Oxfordian brachiopods that exhibit a truly Mediterranean (Tethyan) character. Dating of the outcrop is based on a rich ammonite fauna: Benetticeras benettii; Trimarginites ex gr. trimarginatus; Orthosphinctes (Orthosphinctes) ex gr. tiziani clearly indicate the Late Oxfordian. The brachiopod fauna indicates a deep-water marine environment and well-oxygenated sea floor. Nucleata bouei and Pygope catulloi are recorded for the first time from the Mecsek Mountains. A pathologic specimen of Pygope catulloi is also recognized. Its ventral valve was injured in an early developmental stage that caused deformation of the left side, which was overgrown by the healthy right side and created an asymmetric adult shell shape. Cause of the injury is unclear but it provides further evidence for subsequent healing of brachiopods after being injured. This is the first description and illustration of Oxfordian brachiopods from the Mecsek Mountains, Hungary. The occurrence of Tethyan originating pygopid brachiopods in the Oxfordian strengthens earlier observations that from the Bathonian/Callovian Tethyan influence became overwhelming in the Mecsek Mountains fauna. Pygope catulloi strengthens records from Algeria that pygopid brachiopods may have occurred very early on the periphery of the Western Tethys.

scholarly journals Zeiform mouthbrooding in the deepsea – dispelling a myth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf ◽  
G. David Johnson ◽  
Kevin Conway
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Deep Sea Fauna

Mouthbrooding or oral incubation, the retention of early developmental stages inside of the mouth for an extended period of time, has evolved multiple times in bony fishes1,2. Though uncommon, this form of parental care has been documented and well-studied in several groups of freshwater fishes but is also known to occur in a small number of marine fishes, all inhabiting coastal waters1,2. A recent paper3, reported for the first time mouthbrooding in a deep-water fish species, the zeiform Parazen pacificus, which according to the authors “fills in a gap in the larval literature for this family of fishes and prompts further investigation into other novel reproductive modes of deep-sea fauna.”

scholarly journals Schizocrania (Brachiopoda, Discinoidea): taxonomy, occurrence, ecology and history of the earliest epizoan lingulate brachiopod

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Mergl ◽  
Lucie Nolčová
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Ventral Valve ◽  
Dorsal Valve ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrandian Area ◽  
Floating Objects ◽  
First Time

The lingulate brachiopod Schizocrania (Trematidae, Discinoidea) is reviewed. Ptychopeltis is definitively synonymized with Schizocrania, because new data indicate that convexity of the shell, profile of the anterior margin commissure, density of the dorsal valve costellation, ornamentation of the ventral valve and shape of the pedicle notch are worthless for separation of these genera. Four Ordovician species of Schizocrania are reported from the Barrandian area: S. multistriata (Darriwilian), S. hornyi (Sandbian), S. incola (Sandbian) and the new species S. equestra sp. nov. (Katian). Occurrence of Schizocrania striata is confirmed for the first time around the S/D boundary in the Barrandian area. Schizocrania has a wide geographic range with mid-Ordovician to early Devonian occurrences in Laurentia, Avalonia, West Gondwana and the Silurian occurrence in Baltica. Schizocrania was the earliest lingulate brachiopod adhering to floating objects in an open sea (both living cephalopods and their empty drifting shells), but it was highly opportunistic, and used any vacant hard surface on the sea floor (conulariids, strophomenid brachiopods, trilobites) as a suitable substrate for settlement of the larva. Decline of the genus coincided with disappearance of planktic graptolites, and might have been caused by competition of rapidly evolving planktic dacryoconarids, increased predation pressure, and rebuilding of the trophic structure in the early Devonian seas.

Famennian rhynchonellides (Brachiopoda) from deep-water facies of the Ougarta Basin (Saoura Valley, Algeria)

2015 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNARD MOTTEQUIN ◽  
FATIMA ZOHRA MALTI ◽  
MADANI BENYOUCEF ◽  
CATHERINE CRÔNIER ◽  
LOUISA SAMAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Lower Upper ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Eastern Margin ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Water Facies

AbstractIn the Saoura Valley (Ougarta Basin, Saharan Algeria), the lower–upper Famennian part of the essentially shally Marhouma Formation is characterized by deep-water facies and includes horizons rich in ammonoids (goniatites and clymeniids) and blind to eye-reduced phacopide trilobites. They are also rich in small-sized and smooth rhynchonellide brachiopods, investigated here for the first time in order to detail their post-Kellwasser recovery. Rhynchonellides clearly predominate in the brachiopod assemblages (representing 90% of the whole assemblage, with 10 species) composed otherwise of athyridides, orthides and spiriferides. Rhynchonellides are mostly represented by relatively flat leiorhynchids and rozmanariids consistent with poor oxygenation on the sea floor. One new species is described (Evanidisinurostrum saouraensesp. nov.); four genera, previously known only from the south-eastern margin of Laurussia, are reported for the first time from the northern margin of Gondwana: the leiorhynchidSphaeridiorhynchusand the rozmanariidsLeptoterorhynchus, PugnariaandNovaplatirostrum.

scholarly journals Decapod Crustacea of the Central Paratethyan Ottnangian Stage (middle Burdigalian): implications for systematics and biogeography

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Hyžný ◽  
Mathias Harzhauser ◽  
Wolfgang Danninger
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Lower Miocene ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
Decapod Crustacea ◽  
Portunid Crab ◽  
First Time

AbstractDecapod crustaceans from the Ottnangian (middle Burdigalian, Lower Miocene) of the Western and Central Paratethys remain poorly known. In this study, we review and re-describe mud shrimps (Jaxea kuemeli), ghost shrimps (Gourretiasp.,Calliax michelottii) and brachyuran crabs of the families Leucosiidae, Polybiidae and Portunidae. A dorsal carapace of the genusCalliaxis reported for the first time in the fossil record. Re-examination of the type material ofRandallia strouhali(Leucosiidae) andGeryon ottnangensis(Geryonidae) resulted in a transfer of these species intoPalaeomyra(Leucosiidae) andLiocarcinus(Polybiidae), respectively.Achelous vindobonensis, originally described as a chela of a portunid crab, probably belongs to a member of Polybiidae and is provisionally treated asLiocarcinussp. Only two species,J. kuemeliandC. michelottii, are also known from the Karpatian, the succeeding Paratethyan stage. In most cases, the decapod assemblages of the Ottnangian consist of rather shallow-water taxa whereas the assemblages of the Karpatian consist of deep-water taxa from the middle and outer shelf. The Central Paratethyan assemblages show similarities in genus composition to the Proto-Mediterranean and recent Indo-Pacific regions.Gourretiasp. represents the earliest occurrence of the respective genus in the fossil record. The Oligocene–Early Miocene appearance ofPalaeomyraandLiocarcinusin the circum-Mediterranean implies that sources of present-day diversity hotspots in the Indo-Pacific trace to the Western Tethys (as for other decapod genera), although coeval decapod assemblages in the Indo-Pacific remain poorly known.

scholarly journals Zeiform Mouthbrooding in the Deepsea – Dispelling a Myth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Britz ◽  
G. David Johnson ◽  
Kevin Conway
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Deep Sea Fauna

Mouthbrooding or oral incubation, the retention of early developmental stages inside of the mouth for an extended period of time, has evolved multiple times in bony fishes1,2. Though uncommon, this form of parental care has been documented and well-studied in several groups of freshwater fishes but is also known to occur in a small number of marine fishes, all inhabiting coastal waters1,2. A recent paper3, reported for the first time mouthbrooding in a deep-water fish species, the zeiform Parazen pacificus, which according to the authors “fills in a gap in the larval literature for this family of fishes and prompts further investigation into other novel reproductive modes of deep-sea fauna.”

ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ON CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF THE BIOLUMINESCENCE FIELD ON THE CRIMEAN BLACK SEA SHELF

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rubtsova ◽  
Svetlana Rubtsova ◽  
Natalya Lyamina ◽  
Natalya Lyamina ◽  
Aleksey Lyamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
First Time

The concept of a new approach to environmental assessment is offered in the system of integrated management of the resource and environmental safety of the coastal area of the Black Sea. The studies of the season and daily changeability in the bioluminescence field in the Sevastopol coastal waters has been conducted. For the first time considerable differences in the bioluminescence field seasonal changes in the surface and deep water layers and the reasons conditioning this phenomenon have been shown, using a method of multidimensional statistical analysis. The bioluminescence field vertical profile change in the Black sea coastal waters in the autumn period at night has been studied. It has been shown that according to the character of bioluminescence parameters dynamics a water column can be divided into layers: upper (0 – 35 m) and deep water (36 – 60 m). It has been revealed that life rhythms of the plankton community are the main reason for the bioluminescence field intensity variability. It has been revealed that 14-hour periodicity of the bioluminescence field is related to the changes in light and its variations with 2,5…4,5 hours are conditioned by planktonts endogenous daily rhythms. And here biotic factors effect mostly periodicity of the bioluminescence field intensity increase and fall down at the dark time of the day. Abiotic factors are of less importance in circadian rhythmic of the bioluminescence field in the neritic zone.

scholarly journals Experimental comparison of two methods to study barley responses to partial submergence

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Miricescu ◽  
Tomás Byrne ◽  
Catherine M. Doorly ◽  
Carl K. Y. Ng ◽  
Susanne Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Early Developmental Stage ◽  
Starch Solution ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Flooding Events ◽  
Staple Crop ◽  
Early Developmental

Abstract Background Crop yield is dependent on climate conditions, which are becoming both more variable and extreme in some areas of the world as a consequence of global climate change. Increased precipitation and flooding events are the cause of important yield losses due to waterlogging or (partial) submergence of crops in the field. Our ability to screen efficiently and quickly for varieties that have increased tolerance to waterlogging or (partial) submergence is important. Barley, a staple crop worldwide, is particularly sensitive to waterlogging. Screening for waterlogging tolerant barley varieties has been ongoing for many years, but methods used to screen vary greatly, from the type of soil used to the time at which the treatment is applied. This variation makes it difficult to cross-compare results. Results Here, we have devised a scoring system to assess barley tolerance to waterlogging and compare two different methods when partial submergence is applied with either water or a starch solution at an early developmental stage, which is particularly sensitive to waterlogging or partial submergence. The use of a starch solution has been previously shown to result in more reducing soil conditions and has been used to screen for waterlogging tolerance. Conclusions Our results show that the two methods provide similar results to qualitatively rank varieties as tolerant or sensitive, while also affecting plants differently, in that application of a starch solution results in stronger and earlier symptoms than applying partial submergence with water.

A late Changhsingian (latest Permian) deep-water brachiopod fauna from Guizhou, South China

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Qiang Chen ◽  
G. R. Shi ◽  
Yongqun Gao ◽  
Jinnan Tong ◽  
Fengqing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Brachiopod Fauna

Deep Water Scientific Drilling in Lake Malawi, Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
K. Moran ◽  
M. Paulson ◽  
M. Lengkeek ◽  
P. Jeffery ◽  
A. Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Lake Malawi ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Scientific Drilling ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Core Recovery ◽  
Lake Floor ◽  
Drilling System ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes ◽  
First Time

A new deep water drilling system was developed and applied to recover deeply buried sediments for scientific analyses in one of the deep rift valley lakes of Africa—Malawi. This approach overcame the difficulty of maintaining position over a drill site in a remotely located, large, deep lake. Environmental conditions in Lake Malawi are similar to deep water marine settings and, as such, a marine approach was adopted for the Lake Malawi Drilling Project (LMDP). In February and March 2005, the modified pontoon, Viphya, successfully completed a scientific drilling expedition in Lake Malawi. This expedition recovered core at depths greater than 380 m below lake-floor in water depths as great as 600 m. The major refit of Viphya included installation of a moonpool, bridge, crew accommodations, mess, washroom, power system, dynamic positioning, and a drilling system. These major modifications required early pontoon surveys and naval architectural analyses and design work prior to their commencement. The expedition also used modified scientific coring tools with a marine geotechnical drilling rig for the first time, resulting in excellent core recovery and quality.

The sequence and correlation of Early Ordovician (Arenig) graptolite faunas in the Richardson Trough and Misty Creek Embayment, Yukon Territory and District of Mackenzie, Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1791-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Jackson ◽  
A C Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
The Road ◽  
Bedded Chert ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Mackenzie Mountains ◽  
First Time

Four graptolite biozones are recorded from the Arenig portion of the Road River Group in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains in the Yukon and Northwest Territories. In ascending order, these zones are Tetragraptus approximatus, Pendeograptus fruticosus, Didymograptus bifidus, and Parisograptus caduceus australis (new). The Castlemainian stage may be represented by nongraptolitic massive bedded chert. The Arenig–Llanvirn boundary is drawn below the first occurrence of Undulograptus austrodentatus. Fifty-four graptolite taxa are present, and 16 of these species and subspecies are recorded for the first time in this deep-water biotope, namely, Didymograptus? cf. adamantinus, D. asperus, D. dilatans, D. cf. kurcki, D. validus communis, Holmograptus aff. leptograptoides, H. sp. A, Isograptus? sp. nov. A, I. ? dilemma, Keblograptus geminus, Pseudisograptus manubriatus harrisi, Ps. m. koi, Ps. m. janus, Ps. cf. tau, Xiphograptus lofuensis, and Zygograptus cf. abnormis.

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