Intergenerational persistence of family formation trajectories among teenage-mothers and -fathers in Sweden

AbstractIn this paper, we address the questions of whether early family trajectories of parents are reflected in childbearing teenagers, and how socio-economic and family background factors impact these intergenerational correlations. We use within-dyad sequence analysis to examine combined marital and childbearing trajectories, up to age 30, of two generations of a representative sample of childbearing teenagers born between 1975 and 1985 and their progenitors, drawn from the Swedish population register data. We find evidence for within-family persistence of early family trajectories, with better matches across family state sequences for dyads composed of childbearing teenagers and their parents, than for dyads composed of childbearing teenagers and parents of random birth cohort peers. Regression analysis shows that these intergenerational associations are stronger and occur among later-born siblings from non-traditional family backgrounds, and among families with lower socio-economic backgrounds. This study fills gaps in the knowledge of intergenerational family life course dynamics beyond the early parenthood event.

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Early Family Life Course Standardization in Sweden: The Role of Compositional Change

European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie ◽

10.1007/s10680-019-09551-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 765-798

Author(s):

Zachary Van Winkle

Keyword(s):

Educational Attainment ◽

Family Life ◽

Family Formation ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Labour Market Participation ◽

Compositional Changes ◽

Early Family ◽

Combine Sequence ◽

Family Trajectories

Abstract The diversity of early family life courses is thought to have increased, although empirical evidence is mixed. Less standardized family formation is attributed to compositional changes in educational attainment, labour market participation, and childhood living conditions. I investigate whether and why family trajectories have become more or less standardized across birth cohorts in Sweden. I combine sequence metrics with Oaxaca–Blinder decompositions to assess the compositional shifts that drive changes in family formation standardization. Family trajectories of individuals born in 1952, 1962, and 1972 from age 18 to 35 are reconstructed using Swedish register data. My results demonstrate that early family formation has become more standardized across birth cohorts. Further, compositional differences between birth cohorts partially account for this standardization, especially for women. For example, higher levels of educational attainment are associated with family formation standardization. This substantiates arguments that family formation may re-standardize following the second demographic transition.

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The Interplay Between the Early Work and Family Trajectories of Young Adult Women Born in West Germany: Differences by Parental Origins

Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale ◽

10.1007/s12134-021-00882-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cristina Samper Mejia

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Role Models ◽

Family Formation ◽

Work And Family ◽

West Germany ◽

Parental Origin ◽

Full Time ◽

The Life Course ◽

Early Family ◽

Family Trajectories

AbstractUsing data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), this paper employs sequence analysis to identify “typical” early (observation window limited to ages 15 to 30) employment and family formation trajectories among female second-generation migrants in Germany. For the employment domain of the life course, four types of employment trajectories were identified according to their modal states: “long education,” “full-time employment,” “part-time employment,” and “non-employment.” For the family domain of the life course, three types of family trajectories were identified: “postponement of family formation,” “early family formation,” and “early single motherhood.” For the analysis on cluster affiliation, a multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate how parental origin relates to jointly determined employment and family trajectories. As expected, the descriptive results showed that trajectories of low labor market participation are highly related to trajectories of early family formation. The categorization by parental origins shows that there were few differences in the trajectories of most native and G2 women groups. One pattern that stood out was that compared to other origin groups, G2 women of Turkish parental origin were more likely to be on an early family formation path, and they were more likely to be on a path with multiple non-employment spells. In the modeling strategy, the remaining differences in the women’s patterns were partially explained by the differences in their socioeconomic backgrounds (compulsory school track and the father’s professional degree) and their maternal employment role models (the mother’s employment when the woman was age 15).

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Family background, cognitive abilities, and personality as predictors of education and occupational attainment across two generations

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s002193200002054x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 259-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Craig T. Nagoshi ◽

Ronald C. Johnson ◽

Kelly Ann M. Honbo

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Ability ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Family Study ◽

Family Background ◽

Social Attitudes ◽

Occupational Attainment ◽

Two Generations ◽

Japanese Ancestry ◽

Racial Ethnic ◽

Male Subjects

SummaryThis study reports on the relative influences of parental attainment and cognitive ability and subjects’ own cognitive ability, personality, and social attitudes on the educational and occupational attainments and incomes of 183 Generation 3 subjects of Caucasian ancestry and 186 of Japanese ancestry originally tested in 1972–76 in the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition (HFSC) and re-tested in 1987–88. In contrast to earlier reports of sex differences in the influence of Generation 2 attainment and on Generation 3 attainment when these offspring were younger, family background had a trivial influence and own cognitive ability had a substantial influence on educational attainment for both racial/ethnic groups and both sexes. For income, however, own cognitive ability was only a significant predictor for male subjects. Within-family correlational analyses also supported this sex difference in influences on attainment.

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Childhood Family Structure and Early Family Formation in East and West Germany

Journal of Marriage and Family ◽

10.1111/jomf.12333 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 110-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Marcel Raab

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Family Formation ◽

West Germany ◽

East And West Germany ◽

East And West ◽

Early Family

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Domestic Violence in Paris, 1775

Journal of Family History ◽

10.1177/0363199012443666 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 417-427

Author(s):

Jeffrey Merrick

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

State Model ◽

Royal Authority ◽

Traditional Family ◽

Gendered Roles ◽

Family State ◽

The Revolution

In 1775, 135 wives and 35 husbands filed complaints against their spouses with the Parisian commissioners of police. Most of the wives charged their husbands with verbal and physical violence, and a few of them initiated lawsuits for separation of property and/or persons. In those cases, the depositions of witnesses document conventional expectations about gendered roles in the household as well as the dynamics of communication, representation, and justification in the neighborhood. Against the background of debates about the use and abuse of royal authority in the decades preceding the Revolution, the complaints and lawsuits show that the traditional family/state model not only downplayed accountability in principle but also sanctioned accountability in practice.

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Economic Interpretations of Intergenerational Correlations

The Journal of Economic Perspectives ◽

10.1257/089533002760278703 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 45-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Nathan D Grawe ◽

Casey B Mulligan

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Economic Theory ◽

Neighborhood Effects ◽

Occupational Choice ◽

Family Formation ◽

Economic Models ◽

Empirical Literature ◽

Fertility Choice ◽

Intergenerational Correlations

Since accurate prediction ultimately determines the usefulness of theory, our paper gives the reader a taste of some predictions derived from economic theory and some empirical successes and failures. We provide only a taste, because there are a great many economic models relevant to intergenerational correlations— such as models of educational attainment, neighborhood effects in schooling, family formation and fertility choice, occupational choice and discrimination—and quite a variety of predictions that might be derived from these models. However, a simple model of investment and intergenerational decision making can be interpreted as a conceptual aggregation of many more detailed economic models. We present such a model and from it derive one class of predictions that has received substantial attention in the empirical literature—the role of endowments and credit markets in determining intergenerational correlations.

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The Impact of the Military Profession on Highland Gentry Families, c. 1730 – 1830

The Scottish Historical Review ◽

10.3366/shr.2006.0023 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 75-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stana Nenadic

Keyword(s):

Family Formation ◽

Alternative Interpretation ◽

Military Establishment ◽

British Military ◽

Family Discord ◽

Two Generations ◽

Beneficial Impact ◽

Military Profession ◽

The Military ◽

The Impact

The expansion of the British military establishment from c. 1730 to 1830 is well known, as is the large numbers Scots and particularly highlanders who formed the British officer class. There is a common assumption—in some respects well founded—that the army had a beneficial impact on the political and economic experience of Scotland. This article offers an alternative interpretation through a focus on the social and cultural implications for highland gentry families of having so many male kin engaged in one particular career. The first two sections examine the scale and increasing attractions of military employment relative to other career destinations, notably farming, the legal profession and trade via urban business apprenticeship. Two generations with different motivations are compared, and the importance of the loss of practical farming and commercial expertise is noted. The next section explores the impact of military employment on relationships within families, particularly between officers and their father or elder brother, but also on relationships with female kin and on the broader processes of family formation through marriage. Of particular significance was the tendency towards teenage recruitment among the highland officer class, which removed boys from the influence of family and gave rise to reckless behaviour, extreme individualism and conspicuous consumption, posing major problems for gentry families and estates. The article concludes that although the military profession was a valuable short-term route for disposing of sons in a gentlemanly manner, the impact on their families and on the highlands could be highly disruptive. Yes, there was success and material benefits for a lucky few, but also tragedy, failure and family discord for many.

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