Waste to fuel: biodiesel production from bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) seed as a novel bio-based energy resource

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Almasi ◽  
G. Najafi ◽  
B. Ghobadian ◽  
M. T. Ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Bitter Orange

scholarly journals Production of Biodiesel from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) using Microwave with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste: Optimization of Transesterification Process Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansori Ansori ◽  
Sasmitha Ayu Wibowo ◽  
Heri Septya Kusuma ◽  
Donny Satria Bhuana ◽  
Mahfud Mahfud
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Fuel Resource ◽  
Eggshell Waste

AbstractFossil fuel is the main energy resource in Indonesia with oil as the dominant fuel (44.1% of primary energy consumption) in 2017. But fossil fuel is not environmentally friendly and non-renewable. Thus, there is a need for alternative renewable fuels such as biodiesel. Biodiesel from nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) oil can provide a promising future as a renewable fuel resource. The used of CaO catalyst from eggshell waste is also profitable, and microwave radiation can help the biodiesel production process run more effectively. Optimization of parameters such as microwave power, catalyst concentration, and transesterification time was performed by using Box-Behnken design. Combinations between biodiesel production from nyamplung oil with CaO catalyst using microwave and treated with Box-Behnken design is considered a new and modern method with optimization of the parameters which affect the transesterification process. The result showed that at a microwave power of 325.24 W, a concentration of catalyst of 3.88%, and a transesterification time of 12.47 min can produce an optimal yield of biodiesel of 98.9079% with the reliability of 92.37%.

Investigating biodiesel production strategies as a sustainable energy resource for Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 120729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
Tahir Fazal ◽  
Fahed Javed ◽  
Ainy Hafeez ◽  
Mueed Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Production Strategies

Mass Spectrometric Determination of the Predominant Adrenergic Protoalkaloids in Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (24) ◽  
pp. 9769-9775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryant C. Nelson ◽  
Karsten Putzbach ◽  
Katherine E. Sharpless ◽  
Lane C. Sander
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Determination

Analytical Method for Biomonitoring of PAH Using Leaves of Bitter Orange Trees (Citrus aurantium): a Case Study in South Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 227 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fasani ◽  
P. Fermo ◽  
P. J. Barroso ◽  
J. Martín ◽  
J. L. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Orange Trees

Exactly which synephrine alkaloids does Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) contain?

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
D B Allison ◽  
G Cutter ◽  
E T Poehlman ◽  
D R Moore ◽  
S Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Bitter Orange

A 60day double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert R. Kaats ◽  
Howard Miller ◽  
Harry G. Preuss ◽  
Sidney J. Stohs
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Safety Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals A Review of the Receptor-Binding Properties ofp-Synephrine as Related to Its Pharmacological Effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney J. Stohs ◽  
Harry G. Preuss ◽  
Mohd Shara
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Amine Neurotransmitters

Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) extract and its primary protoalkaloidp-synephrine are used widely in weight loss/weight management and sports performance products. Because of structural similarities, the pharmacological effects ofp-synephrine are widely assumed to be similar to those of ephedrine,m-synephrine (phenylephrine), and endogenous amine neurotransmitters as norepinephrine and epinephrine. However, small structural changes result in the receptor binding characteristics of these amines that are markedly different, providing a plausible explanation for the paucity of adverse effects associated with the wide-spread consumption ofp-synephrine in the form of dietary supplements as well as in variousCitrusfoods and juices. This paper summarizes the adrenoreceptor binding characteristics ofp-synephrine relative tom-synephrine, norepinephrine, and other amines as related to the observed pharmacological effects.

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