Effect of Indole-3-Butyric Acid on Clonal Propagation of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Stem Cuttings: Rooting and Associated Biochemical Changes

The effects of 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), cutting position on stock plants, the date of propagation, the type of rooting substrate and temperature on rooting of mussaenda (Mussaenda erythrophylla Schumach. & Thonn. `Ashanti Blood' and `Rosea', and Mussaenda philippica A. Rich `Aurorae') stem cuttings were determined. Cuttings of `Ashanti Blood' produced the largest number of roots when treated with 15 mmol (3000 ppm) IBA and rooted in perlite at 29 °C (84 °F). Cutting position on stock plants did not affect rooting in any of the three cultivars. Propagation date and temperature of the rooting medium affected root numbers in `Aurorae'. With `Rosea', only the type of rooting substrate affected root number. Rooting percentage was 22%, 48%, and 39% in `Ashanti Blood', `Aurorae', and `Rosea' respectively. After 30 days of propagation average root length was 4, 12, and 4 mm (0.2, 0.5, and 0.2 inch) in `Ashanti Blood', `Aurorae', and `Rosea' respectively. Growers must determine precise rooting conditions for each cultivar to obtain consistent rooting of cuttings. This process may not be economically feasible on a commercial basis because rooting percentages are relatively low. We conclude that other methods of clonal propagation need to be evaluated before uniform rooted stem cuttings of mussaenda can be produced economically.

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(169) Root Formation on Stem Cuttings of Yellow-flowered Cultivars of Magnolia Is Influenced by Time-after-budbreak and IBA

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1001a ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1001A-1001

Author(s):

Jyotsna Sharma ◽

Gary Knox ◽

Maria Ishida

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Clonal Propagation ◽

Root Formation ◽

Growing Season ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Hot Flash ◽

Collection Date

We propagatedsixyellow-flowered cultivars of Magnolia vegetatively by applying 0, 8, 16, or 30 g·kg-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in talc to bases of terminal stem cuttings collected 5, 7, 9, or 11 weeks after budbreak. Mean rooting percentage increased from 12% (in the absence of IBA) to 34% (after applying 30 g·kg-1 IBA). Rooting percentage also increased with increasing basal caliper (r2 = 0.25; P< 0.0001) of a cutting. For each collection date, more cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' developed roots than did other cultivars. When data were analyzed separately for selected cultivars, 63% rooting was observed among cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' collected 7 weeks after budbreak. Rooting percentage was higher (22%) among cuttings of `Hot Flash' collected 5 or 7 weeks after budbreak in comparison to later collection dates, but harvest date did not influence rooting, which ranged from 44% to 59%, among cuttings of `Yellow Lantern'. Collection of stem cuttings early in the growing season (5 weeks after budbreak) was beneficial (31% rooting) for inducing root formation among cuttings of `Golden Sun'. We conclude that `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' are promising choices for growers interested in clonal propagation of yellow-flowered cultivars of Magnolia. To maximize rooting, terminal cuttings should be collected within 5 to 11 weeks after budbreak and should be treated with 16 or 30 g·kg-1 IBA in talc. Early collection dates improved rooting frequencies among cuttings of other cultivars but these, particularly `Butterflies', remain variably recalcitrant and merit further study.

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Adventitious Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Yellow-flowered Magnolia Cultivars is Influenced by Time after Budbreak and Indole-3-butyric Acid

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.1.202 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 202-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jyotsna Sharma ◽

Gary W. Knox ◽

Maria Lucia Ishida

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Clonal Propagation ◽

Growing Season ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

The Other ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Hot Flash ◽

Collection Date

Certain cultivars of magnolia are desirable in landscapes for their uncommon yellow flowers. While cultivars derived from Magnolia acuminata L. (cucumbertree magnolia) are difficult to propagate by stem cuttings, some with mixed parentage appear easier to propagate in this manner. We propagated six yellow-flowered cultivars vegetatively by applying 0, 8, 16, or 30 g·kg–1 (0, 8,000, 16,000, or 30,000 ppm) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in talc to bases of terminal stem cuttings collected 5, 7, 9, or 11 weeks after budbreak. Mean rooting percentage over all cultivars increased from 12% (in the absence of IBA) to 34% (after application of 30 g·kg–1 IBA). Rooting percentage and basal stem diameter of a cutting did not seem related. For each collection date, more cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' developed roots than the other cultivars. More roots (mean = 5) developed on cuttings of `Yellow Lantern' collected 5 weeks after budbreak or when treated with 30 g·kg–1 IBA than the other cultivars. `Butterflies' largely remained unresponsive, whereas rooting of `Golden Sun,' `Hot Flash,' and `Maxine Merrill' collected 5 weeks after budbreak was 31%, 22%, and 28%, respectively. When data were analyzed separately for selected cultivars, 63% rooting was observed among cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' collected 7 weeks after budbreak. Rooting percentage was higher (22%) among cuttings of `Hot Flash' collected 5 or 7 weeks after budbreak in comparison to later collection dates, but harvest date did not influence rooting of `Yellow Lantern,' which ranged from 44% to 59%. Collection of stem cuttings early in the growing season (5 weeks after budbreak) was beneficial (31% rooting) for inducing rooting among cuttings of `Golden Sun.' We conclude that `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' are promising choices for growers interested in clonal propagation of yellow-flowered cultivars of magnolia. To maximize rooting among these cultivars, terminal cuttings should be collected within 5 to 11 weeks after budbreak and treated with 16 or 30 g·kg–1 IBA in talc. Early collection dates (5 to 7 weeks after budbreak) improved rooting among cuttings of other cultivars but these, particularly `Butterflies,' remain variably recalcitrant and merit further study.

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Submist is Effective for Propagation of Korean Lilac and Inkberry by Stem Cuttings

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03970-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 378-381

Author(s):

Bryan J. Peterson ◽

Stephanie E. Burnett ◽

Olivia Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Potassium Salt ◽

Foliar Nutrients ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Rooted Cuttings ◽

Soilless Substrate

Although overhead mist revolutionized the propagation industry, it does suffer from potential drawbacks that include the application of large volumes of water, potentially unsanitary conditions, irregular misting coverage, and leaching of foliar nutrients. We explored the feasibility of submist as an alternative as it might avoid these problems by applying water exclusively from below the cutting, which is inserted basally into an enclosed rooting chamber. We propagated cuttings of korean lilac (Syringa pubescens ssp. patula) and inkberry (Ilex glabra) using both overhead mist and submist to compare effectiveness of the systems. Cuttings of korean lilac were wounded and dipped basally into 8000 mg·L−1 of the potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA), and those in the overhead mist systems were inserted into coarse perlite. Cuttings of inkberry were wounded and treated with 5000 mg·L−1 K-IBA, and those in the overhead mist systems were inserted into 50:50 peat:perlite (by vol). Cuttings of korean lilac in the submist systems produced more than twice as many roots as cuttings in the overhead mist systems, with roots more than 2.6 times the length. Similarly, cuttings of inkberry in the submist systems produced more than three times the root counts and root lengths as cuttings in the overhead mist systems. For korean lilac, root dry weights averaged 58 mg for cuttings in the submist system, compared with only 18 mg among cuttings receiving overhead mist. Likewise, root dry weights averaged 70 and 7 mg for cuttings of inkberry propagated by submist and overhead mist, respectively. Rooted cuttings of korean lilac transplanted well into a soilless substrate, where they more than tripled their root biomass to 218 mg (vs. 59 mg for cuttings transplanted from overhead mist). We did not evaluate transplant performance of inkberry. Our results show that submist systems might merit consideration for the propagation of woody plants by leafy stem cuttings.

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Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 491-499

Author(s):

Aurea Portes Ferriani ◽

Cícero Deschamps ◽

Wanderlei Do Amaral ◽

Luiz Everson da Silva

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Vegetative Propagation ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Indole Butyric Acid ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Biological Reserve

Native Piper species present significant repellent, antimicrobial, inseticidal, anti-tumor and anti-protozoal biological activities. Studies on new species can discover unpublished potentialities and vegetative propagation for the development of cultivation protocols and reduce the natural extraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of P. arboreum, P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium stem cuttings with different treatments containing doses of indole butyric acid (0, 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 3,000 mg L-1). Branches were collected in the “Bom Jesus Biological Reserve”, Parana state, Brazil. The cuttings, with a length of 12 cm and average diameter of 6 mm, were placed in 53 cm3 plastic tubes with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HP® and intermittent misting. After 90 days, the survival, mortality, cuttings with new shoots, number and length of the three main roots were evaluated. The percentages of rooting reached an average of 67.5% for P. arboreum, 51.6% for P. cernuum and 50.4% for P. diospyrifolium. A positive effect in the treatments containing the plant regulator was observed for rooting development, percentage of cuttings with shoots and number of roots per propagule, but there were variations in the responses of each species. Leaf retention was an important factor for the adventitious rooting formation in all evaluated species.

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Clonal propagation through stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston an endemic tree Species of the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka

Journal of Non Timber Forest Products ◽

10.54207/bsmps2000-2016-h8a59h ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 85-87

Author(s):

Abdul Hussain ◽

C. Anilkumar

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Tree Species ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Clonal Propagation ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Resource Base ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Ideal Tool ◽

First Time ◽

The Western Ghats

Rooting trials conducted with stem cuttings and air layering in Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston, an important medicinal and fruit plant gave promising results after treatment with auxins such as IAA, IBA and NAA in different concentrations. Both stem cuttings and air layering from 10 year old plants have resulted a maximum rooting of 80% and 70% respectively through the application of IBA-1000ppm, in their natural habitats. The plants developed from stem cuttings and air layering was also survived with 90% success. Thus the standardized clonal propagation method in S. caryophyllatum through stem cutting and air layering reported for the first time can be taken as an ideal tool for the multiplication and subsequent resource base utilization of the species since the populations are prone to endangerment in its habitats.

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Propagation Principles in Using Indole-3-Butyric Acid for Rooting Rosemary Stem Cuttings

Journal of Horticulture ◽

10.4172/2376-0354.1000121 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MA Elhaak MZ Matter

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Stem Cuttings

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Rooting of African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis A. Juss.) leafy stem cuttings under different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar2016.10936 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (23) ◽

pp. 2050-2057 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ten oacute rio de Vasconcelos Rodrigo ◽

Valiengo Valeri S eacute rgio ◽

Baldo Geraldo Martins Antonio ◽

Biagiotti Gabriel ◽

Aparecida Pereira Perez Bruna

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

African Mahogany ◽

Khaya Senegalensis

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Alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid improves rooting of highbush blueberries

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/34/2012-pse ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 236-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Mihaljević ◽

B. Salopek-Sondi

Keyword(s):

Butyric Acid ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Practical Application ◽

Rooting Of Cuttings ◽

Highbush Blueberries ◽

Set Up ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxins and their synthetic analogues are commonly used for rooting of cuttings, but their efficiency depends on experimental set-up and, even more importantly, on species or cultivar, and type of explants investigated. In attempt to improve rooting procedure for highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), we investigated alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA-Ala) as potential root-promoting compound and compared with commonly used auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The effect of different concentrations of auxins on the rooting of highbush blueberry stem cuttings (var. Bluecrop, Bluetta, Burlington and Jersey) and in vitro-derived microcuttings (var. Jersey) was investigated. Auxin treatments significantly promoted rooting of all four varieties in comparison to control. The most efficient rooting promoter in all varieties appeared IBA-Ala (provided up to 83%, and 93% of the rooted cuttings and microcuttings, respectively). Furthermore, IBA-Ala caused a vigorous, well-branched root system that resulted in better acclimatization and survival of plants. Results suggest the application of IBA-Ala may be beneficial for rooting of difficult-to-root varieties of blueberry and related species and their practical application in the nursery industry.  

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