Women’s Attention to and Memory for Fertile- and Non-Fertile Phase Women Across the Menstrual Cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Necka ◽  
Kelly E. Faig ◽  
Kathryne Van Hedger ◽  
Ian M. Lyons ◽  
Stephanie J. Dimitroff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Fertile Phase

scholarly journals Faces of men with high serum testosterone are less attractive for women during the fertility phase of the menstrual cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Rafal Sledziewski ◽  
Marek Tabedzki ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Ewa Krzystanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Average Face ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shift Hypothesis

The attractiveness of the human face plays an essential role in mating as it may signal the genetic suitability of a mate. The controversial 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' postulates that women in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle would prefer faces of masculine men with high testosterone that signals 'good genes', whereas in the non-fertile phase they prefer traits signaling the willingness to provide parental care. To examine relationships between men's testosterone and women's preferences for men's faces on day 13 of the menstrual cycle, 19 young women rated the attractiveness of images of the natural faces of 77 young men. Using advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling we showed that the attractiveness of men's faces is significantly lower in men with a high concentration of serum total testosterone, even taking into account the concentration of serum estrogen in the raters. The average men's face composited from images of 39 faces rated above pool median attractiveness rate, was slightly narrower than the average face composited from 38 less attractive faces. Our results challenge the 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' as faces of males with high circulating testosterone were rated as less attractive than faces of males with lower testosterone by women on the fertile phase of the cycle.

scholarly journals Variability in the hormonally estimated fertile phase of the menstrual cycle

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1232-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Fehring ◽  
Mary Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Fertile Phase

scholarly journals Waist-to-Hip Ratio, but Not Body Mass Index, Is Associated with Testosterone and Estradiol Concentrations in Young Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Mondragón-Ceballos ◽  
Mónica Dafne García Granados ◽  
Ana Lilia Cerda-Molina ◽  
Roberto Chavira-Ramírez ◽  
Leonor Estela Hernández-López
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Fertile Phase

We studied if testosterone and estradiol concentrations are associated with specific female waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs) and body mass indices (BMIs). Participants were 187 young women from which waist, hips, weight, and height were measured. In addition, participants informed on which day of their menstrual cycle they were and provided a 6 mL saliva sample. Ninety-one of them were in the follicular phase and 96 in the luteal phase. Only in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle we found a significant interaction between testosterone and estradiol affecting WHR (b±s.e.=-0.000003±0.000001; t94=-2.12, adjusted R2=-0.008, P=0.03). Women with the highest levels of both hormones had the lowest WHRs, while women with low estradiol and high testosterone showed the highest WHRs. BMI significantly increased as testosterone increased in female in their nonfertile days.

Does a Woman’s Skin Color Indicate Her Fertility Level?

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Samson ◽  
Bernhard Fink ◽  
Paul Matts
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Skin Coloration ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Midluteal Phase

Roberts et al. (2004 ) showed that perceived facial attractiveness of women is higher in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle than in the luteal phase, suggesting the existence of visible cues of ovulation. However, the nature of such cues remains speculative. Here, in an initial pilot study, we test the hypothesis that changes in female facial skin coloration across the menstrual cycle could be one of the signals that men have adapted to in order to assess female fertility. Spectrophotometric measurements of the facial skin color of normally ovulating Caucasian women (aged 24–29 years) were collected in the late follicular and midluteal phase of their menstrual cycle. Facial images were also taken in both sessions and judged for attractiveness and health by a panel of German men (aged 16–37 years). In line with Roberts et al. (2004 ), our results show that men perceive women in the late follicular phase to be significantly more attractive and healthier than those in the midluteal phase. However, we did not detect any significant differences in objective measurements of skin color between the two phases. We conclude that the increase in male perception of female facial attractiveness and health in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle is not caused by a change in overall skin color and/or lightness.

Risk taking and Women’s Menstrual Cycle: Near Ovulation, Women Avoid a Doubtful Man

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

Studies using surveys in which risk taking behaviors were measured show a decrease in risk taking during the ovulatory phase of the women’s menstrual cycle. In this study, the distance between a woman and a shady confederate was measured in a waiting room. Then, a LH test was done in order to measure the participant’s fertility risk. Results showed that near ovulation, participants sat further away from the confederate, revealing that women in their fertile phase displayed behavior to decrease the risk of sexual assault.

scholarly journals Stability of women's facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1924) ◽  
pp. 20192910 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. M. Marcinkowska ◽  
I. J. Holzleitner
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Skin Tone ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Facial Shape ◽  
Larger Sample

Facial characteristics can serve as a cue for judgements of multiple human traits, from maternal tendencies, overall fertility to sexual openness. In this study, we tested previously found fluctuations in facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle. With methods more robust than those formerly used (larger sample size and detailed hormonal assessments determining the timing of the ovulation), we did not find significant changes in either of the three facial measurements conducted: symmetry, averageness and sexual dimorphism (all F ≤ 0.78, all partial η 2 ≤ 0.01, all p ≥ 0.542). After narrowing the sample to cycles that had a higher probability of being ovulatory (based on daily measurements of luteinizing hormone and oestradiol), the results remained non-significant (all F ≤ 1.20, all partial η 2 ≤ 0.03, all p ≥ 0.315). Our results (i) suggest that the previously found increased facial attractiveness of women in the most fertile phase of the menstrual cycle is not driven by changes in facial shape, but might instead stem from other changes in facial appearance, such as a more attractive skin tone; and (ii) underline the importance of replication of studies with new methods.

scholarly journals Determination of ovulation in women using saliva ferning test

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riska Mutia Ersyari ◽  
Rosiliwati Wihardja ◽  
Murnisari Dardjan
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Fertile Period ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Fertile Woman

Every human being experiences growth and development, starting from childhood to adulthood. Women who have entered puberty will experience monthly menstrual cycle. One phase of the menstrual cycle is ovulation or the fertile phase of a woman. The fertile period is the period in which there is an egg ready to be fertilized by sperm. At the time of fertility, there is an increase in the amount of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Increase in these hormones is also found in saliva. Saliva as a biological fluid in the body can be used as a diagnostic fluid. Woman’s fertile period can be assessed from the saliva. Saliva containing high estrogen hormones can form a ferning picture on saliva dried on object glass. The type of research is the study of literature. A literature study was conducted to discuss the determining of the fertile woman with saliva ferning test. The results of previous studies showed the existence of differences in saliva pictures at the time of the fertile period and the infertile period. Salivary ferning was very clearly seen in the woman’s fertile period.

scholarly journals Female facial attractiveness increases during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle

2004 ◽  
Vol 271 (suppl_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Roberts ◽  
J. Havlicek ◽  
J. Flegr ◽  
M. Hruskova ◽  
A. C. Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Fertile Phase
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