scholarly journals Characteristics of water contamination in abandoned coal mines: a case study on Yudong River area, Kaili, Guizhou Province, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Li ◽  
Jieying Cai ◽  
Di Chen ◽  
Qiyan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Water ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Drainage

AbstractThe seasonal and spatial changes in the chemical composition of the water in abandoned mine drainages and rivers in Yudong River area in the years of 2017–2018 were analyzed. The effects of mine water drainage on the seasonality and physicochemical properties of the river water after mine closure were evaluated, and the feasibility of irrigation using river water and the degree of pollution to farmland were assessed using the Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation. The results show that the mine water has low pH value (< 3.5–4) and high levels of total hardness, SO42−, Fe, Al, and Zn. In addition, the pH of the mine water is negatively correlated with the presence of other metal ions. The correlation coefficient between the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Fe reached 0.989. While the pollution levels of Pinglu and Baishui rivers were low, the confluence region of the two rivers was seriously polluted. However, only the levels of Fe and Cd slightly exceeded the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard after the confluence of Yudong and Chongan rivers. Overall, the heavy pollution type of the confluent river is consistent with mine water pollution. The water quality is slightly better in the dry season compared than in the high-water period. Sulfate and Fe content decreased by 39 and 16 mg/L, respectively, and Cd content decreased two-fold. Despite these findings, this study shows that from 2017 to 2018, the pH and Cd content of the rivers at the confluence exceeded the irrigation limit and the water quality continued to deteriorate, which may pose a soil contamination risk. Long-term use of the river for irrigation water may cause toxic elements such as Cd, Fe, Mn, SO42−, Al, and F- to enter the food chain, thereby endangering the life and health of villagers in Yudong River area.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters of Gomati River at Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 875-886
Author(s):  
Azad Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Gomati River ◽  
The Impact

Gomati River originate from Madhoganj Tanda village in Pilibhit district, U.P. it passes through the district of Shahjahanpur, kheri, Hardoi, Sitapur, Janpur and ultimately merge in Ganga. River water is significant for every living organism as well as aquatic life. Water pollution is a major global problem. Modernization and urbanization have polluted the river water and degraded the status. All over the world we are seeing that drain is the main source of water pollution especially for rivers flowing within the city. This drain generally carries industrial effluent, domestic waste, sewage and medicinal waste resulting in poor water quality. Gomati River receives industrial as well as domestic waste from various drains of Lucknow city. As Gomati river is the only source of surface water near the communities. A total 20 parameters namely Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium as ca, Magnesium as Mg, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate as So4, Nickel as Ni, Lead as Pb, and Zinc as Zn where analysed and their variation is discussed to obtain the impact of effluents on water quality. From the result it was found higher than the permissible limit of WHO and BIS.

scholarly journals KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI DI DESA TANIPAH (GAMBUT PANTAI), KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rahmat Eko Sanjaya ◽  
Rilia Iriani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
River Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Class Iii

Tanipah village is a coastal village in Kecamatan Aluh-Aluh, Kabupaten Banjar, Kalimantan Selatan and a tidal area of sea water. Tanipah villagers utilize river water for daily needs, so the quality of river water is a major concern. The results of this research are expected to be informations for the community about quality of river water in Tanipah. This research is a survey research and the analysis was conducted in-situ and ex-situ. The analysis was done by comparing the test result against the predefined quality standard. River water temperature in Tanipah ranges from 28<sup>0</sup>C – 33,6<sup>0</sup>C and has no taste and no smell. Turbidity of 54,8 NTU, indicating river water is not feasible for consumption. Dissolved oxygen is 5,9 mg/L and is in the mild contaminated category. The COD and BOD value respectively 17,03 mg/L and 6,70 mg/L, exceeds the limit of the class I water quality standard. The pH value is at 7,33, indicating that the pH is normal. The iron concentration is 1,71 mg/L, exceeds the maximum permissible level for drinking water quality. Other metals likes Mn, Pb, Cu and Cd, are within thresholds for the waters. River water in Tanipah village based on the value of dissolved oxygen, is in category of light contaminated. Thus, in general, river water in Tanipah village can only be used for class III water, as irrigation.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics of the Karmanasha River Water and Its Appropriateness for Irrigational Usage

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Anueva Acharya ◽  
Motee Lal Sharma ◽  
Kiran Bishwakarma ◽  
Pragati Dahal ◽  
Satyam Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dominance Order ◽  
Wilcox Diagram ◽  
Magnesium Adsorption Ratio

Water is a prime natural resource and precious national asset and one of the chief constituents of the environment. The chemical characteristics play a key role in terms of ecological and economic perspectives in the river water. The characterization and evaluation of river water quality in the Karmanasha River is necessary due to its immense importance in the livelihood of the people in the core urban areas of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. In this study, the surface water samples were collected from 16 sites with a 0.5 km interval to characterize and evaluate the water quality mainly from the perspective of its irrigational usage. The assessment was carried out by applying electrical conductivity (EC), sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS), Wilcox diagram and water quality index (WQI) including the general hydrochemistry. The general hydrochemistry of river water indicates slightly alkaline in nature with mean pH value 8.07, and the dominance order of major ions follows the pattern of Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>K+ for cations, and HCO3->Cl->NO3- for anions. Furthermore, the results revealed that the water is safe for irrigation purposes based on EC, Na%, SAR, KR, MAR, CROSS, and Wilcox diagram. The results also specified that no severe degradation in water, however, the low DO, and high BOD and COD values than that of the standard value prescribed by Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standard, signify the anthropogenic signature in the river water. This study provides the baseline information about the WQI and suitability of irrigation water quality, and further in-depth studies are required at spatiotemporal levels to get in-depth insights about the ecological health of the river.

scholarly journals Penyisihan Parameter TSS dan COD Menggunakan Koagulan Nanokitin dan Kitosan pada Pengolahan Air Sungai Cikapundung

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Memey Suhaya Putri ◽  
Etih Hartati ◽  
Djaenudin Djaenudin
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Time Variations

<p>The use of excessive synthetic coagulants and continuously will have a negative impact because of the increasing amount of mud volume can accumulate in the human body. The quality of Cikapundung River water has decreased every year, so it is necessary to treat Cikapundung River water through a process of coagulation and flocculation using coagulants made from nanocytin, chitosan and commercial chitosan. Measurement of these parameters uses the gravimetric and titrimetri method. The dose of coagulant used in the process of coagulation and flocculation is 10 mg / L, by varying the pH value of pH 5, pH 7 and pH 9 and the flocculation time variations of 15 minutes, 20 minutes and 25 minutes. The measurement results showed with a dose of coagulant 10 mg / L, commercial chitosan pH 5 flocculation times of 25 minutes can reduce the TSS concentration of 12 mg / L with 99.38% total suspended allowance. Concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand 13.12 mg / L with 98.91% allowance. The TSS value has fulfilled the quality standard according to Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 concerning Management of Water Quality and Water Pollution Control in the first class.</p>

scholarly journals Status Mutu Air Sungai Unda Pada Lahan Eks Galian C Kabupaten Klungkung

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
I Made Sara Wijana ◽  
Abd. Rahman As-syakur ◽  
Made MS Mahendra ◽  
I GA Kunti Sri Panca Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Sampling Point

The Unda River (Tukad) is the second largest river in Bali Province after the Ayung River. The Unda River has been used for various activities, such as tourism activities for white water rafting and agricultural irrigation activities. In addition, Unda River water is planned to be used as a raw water source in the planned construction of the Bali Cultural Center (PKB) which is planned to be built in the lower reaches of the Unda River. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the water quality of the Unda River, especially in the Lower Unda River. Water quality analysis refers to class II water quality standards according to the Bali Governor Regulation Number 16 of 2016. Meanwhile, the analysis of water quality status uses the pollution index (IP) according to the Decree of the Minister of the Environment Number 115 of 2003. The results of the analysis show that water quality parameters that exceed the highest quality standard is downstream (sampling point 3) with 4 (four) parameters, namely Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform and fecal coli. While the sampling points 1 (one) and 2 (two), the parameters that exceed the quality standard are total coliform and fecal coli. In addition, the results of this study also show that the pollution index value downstream is increasing, where at sampling point 1 which is a DAM location has a pollutant index of 3.78 (light pollution) and at sampling point 2 of 6.27 (moderate pollution) and at sampling point 3 of 7.67 (medium polluted).

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Shitalakhya River

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Kudrat- E-Zahan ◽  
M. Habibur Rahman ◽  
A. A. S. Mostofa Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Dissolved Silica

Water quality is the key of environmental concern because of its important provision of water for drinking and domestic purpose, irrigation and aquatic life including fish and fisheries. The present study was conducted to assess the surface water quality of the Shitalakhya River from January, 2017 to December, 2018. Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD5, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Dissolved Silica, Total Iron concentration and Turbidity in water samples have been found in the ranges 24 - 33°C, 6.5 - 7.6, 108 - 478 µS/cm, 54 - 245 ppm, 8 - 118 mg/l, 6 - 12 mg/l, 36.6 - 231.8 mg/l, 30 - 190 mg/l, 20 - 120 mg/l, 10 - 80 mg/l, 3.54 - 9.91 mg/l, 16 - 51 mg/l, 0.10 - 1.5 mg/l, 2.09 - 120 NTU in the year 2017 and 21 - 32.5°C, 6.7 - 7.3, 101 - 424 µS/cm, 55 - 212 ppm,  10 - 154 mg/l, 7 - 16 mg/l, 42.7 - 219.6 mg/l,  35 - 180 mg/l, 25 - 115 mg/l, 10 - 70 mg/l, 4.96 - 16.99 mg/l, 19 - 84 mg/l, 0.10 - 2.50 mg/l, 2.73 - 214 NTU in the year 2018 respectively. Obtained results of the present study area shows that most of the parameters were within the permissible limit except Turbidity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Silica (SiO2) and Biological Oxygen Demand for five days (BOD5). Use of river water can pose serious problems to human health and aquatic ecosystem via biological food chain. The present research suggests special preference for better management of the river water to protect the health of aquatic ecosystem of the river. 

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Status of Chandrabhaga River at Rishikesh, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Shail Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
The Status ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Magnesium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In the background of the ambitious ‘National Mission for Clean Ganga’ to clean, conserve and protect the River Ganga in a comprehensive manner, this study was undertaken to evaluate the status of Water Quality of Chandrabhaga river at Rishikesh, district Dehradun, India, between the Dhalwala bridge area and Mayakund area where it merges with the river Ganga, affecting adversely its water quality. The characteristics of Chandrabhaga river water were assessed during July to September 2017 by monitoring the water quality at most garbeged and contaminated five locations by determining physicochemical and biological parameters and metal ions. The observed values of dissolved oxygen (DO) varied from 0.4 to 1.29 mg/L, such a low DO, high biological oxygen demand (BOD, 21 ± 2.64 to 56 ±6.08 mg/L) and much high Coliform (1760 ±13.23 to3180 ±27.61 MPN/ 100 ml) at all the locations reflects the poor water quality of Chandrabhaga River. Recorded values of total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), alkalinity, phosphate, sodium, potassium and calcium exceeded the WHO standards. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the highly positive correlations all the time between EC and TDS, TH and TDS, TH and EC, while during high flow period good correlations were recorded between alkalinity and pH, TDS, EC and TH. Irrigation water quality parameters such as soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and Kelly’s Ratio was evaluated to test the suitability of river water for irrigation purpose.

scholarly journals Water quality in Cidurian watershed, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Rahmah Dewi Yustika ◽  
Ratri Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Main River ◽  
Middle Stream

Studies about river water quality are essential since the decreasing of water quality could threaten hydrology watershed function. The objective of this study was to identify water quality in rainy and dry seasons of Cidurian watershed. Water quality data were obtained from Main River Basin Organization Territory Cidanau – Ciujung – Cidurian for 2018 and 2019. The parameters of water quality consist of total suspended solids (TSS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), phosphate (PO4), nitrite (NO2 – N), electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, Ca, and Mg. Water sampling location were in Jasinga (upstream), Neglasari (middle stream), Rancasumur (middle stream), and Tanara (downstream). The result showed that TSS concentration showed higher in rainy season than dry season in all sampling points with values higher than river water quality standard 50 mg/L. Therefore, need attention to adopt soil conservation practices in mixed tree crops, dry cultivation land, and crop plantation to decrease soil erosion. Downstream had values of pH, DO, COD, and BOD outside of water quality standards. Accordingly, government should issue some policies to protect from decreasing water quality. The information on river water quality in Cidurian watershed could support better watershed management for sustainable hydrology watershed function.

scholarly journals Study of water quality analysis and evaluation of Hengshui Lake

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Yuhua Gao ◽  
Haihua Li ◽  
Yuxuan Zheng ◽  
Ruhui Guo ◽  
Zhenfa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Ion Content

The water quality of Hengshui Lake in different regions and at different times was analyzed. According to the data analysis results of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP), calcium ion content, total hardness, chloride ion content, pH value and conductivity of Hengshui Lake water samples, the water quality of Hengshui Lake was evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the pollution of Hengshui Lake was mainly organic matter pollution, especially non-biodegradable organic matter pollution. The value of TN was higher than the Class III water, which showed that the self purification capacity of Hengshui Lake water body was weaker. The water quality of Hengshui Lake was better, but the treatment of organic pollution should be paid attention to.

scholarly journals Physicochemical assessment of leachate from Pokhara landfill site and its impact on the quality of Seti River water, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-201
Author(s):  
Lekha Nath Khanal ◽  
Namita Paudel Adhikari ◽  
Ganesh Paudel ◽  
Subash Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Guideline Values

The management of municipal solid always poses serious environmental problems on land, air, and groundwater, especially in the case of developing countries. The characterization and assessment of leachates are necessary to understand the water quality in the urban region as well as has enormous importance in sustaining the livelihoods of people in the riverine environment maintaining the ecological balance. Landfill leachate contains thousands of complex components, which contaminate the nearby water bodies, and communities with several hazardous ingredients. The present study was conducted to assess the influence of landfill leachates on the quality of Seti River water. The samples were collected from four stations (Tatopani, Ramghat, Landfill, Below landfill, and Kotre). The samples were analyzed for pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity (EC), Cl-, NH3, and PO43- by standard methods. The pH and EC were measured in situ whereas other parameters were analyzed in the laboratory adopting standard protocols. The physicochemical parameters of river water and that of leachates were compared to monitor the level of contamination. The research reveals the landfill to have insignificant pollution of water on matching the parameters with World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values. Regular monitoring of the quality of river water and sustainable management of solid waste is essential for the ecological quality and integrity of the environment in the region. Scientific information obtained by this study could contribute to policymakers for the sustainable management of water quality and landfill in the downstream and urban segments of the river basins.

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