In vivo studies of titanium implant surface treatment by sandblasted, acid-etched and further anchored with ceramic of tetracalcium phosphate on osseointegration

Summary Objectives: Titanium implants have a tendency for high bone-implant bonding, and, in comparison to stainless steel implants are more difficult to remove. The current study was carried out to evaluate, i) the release strength of three selected anodized titanium surfaces with increased nanohardness and low roughness, and ii) bone-implant bonding in vivo. These modified surfaces were intended to give improved anchorage while facilitating easier removal of temporary implants. Material and methods: The new surfaces were referenced to a stainless steel implant and a standard titanium implant surface (TiMAX™). In a sheep limb model, healing period was 3 months. Bone-implant bonding was evaluated either biomechanically or histologically. Results: The new surface anodized screws demonstrated similar or slightly higher bone-implantcontact (BIC) and torque release forces than the titanium reference. The BIC of the stainless steel implants was significant lower than two of the anodized surfaces (p=0.04), but differences between stainless steel and all titanium implants in torque release forces were not significant (p=0.06). Conclusion: The new anodized titanium surfaces showed good bone-implant bonding despite a smooth surface and increased nanohardness. However, they failed to facilitate implant removal at 3 months.

Download Full-text

Biochemical Modification of Titanium Oral Implants: Evidence from In Vivo Studies

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14112798 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2798

Author(s):

Saturnino Marco Lupi ◽

Mirko Torchia ◽

Silvana Rizzo

Keyword(s):

Titanium Implant ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Biologically Active ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Oral Implants ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Biochemical Modification ◽

Modification Of Titanium

The discovery of osseointegration of titanium implants revolutionized the dental prosthesis field. Traditionally, implants have a surface that is processed by additive or subtractive techniques, which have positive effects on the osseointegration process by altering the topography. In the last decade, innovative implant surfaces have been developed, on which biologically active molecules have been immobilized with the aim of increasing stimulation at the implant–biological tissue interface, thus favoring the quality of osseointegration. Among these molecules, some are normally present in the human body, and the techniques for the immobilization of these molecules on the implant surface have been called Biochemical Modification of Titanium Surfaces (BMTiS). Different techniques have been described in order to immobilize those biomolecules on titanium implant surfaces. The aim of the present paper is to present evidence, available from in vivo studies, about the effects of biochemical modification of titanium oral implants on osseointegration.

Download Full-text

Titanium implant surface modification by cathodic reduction in hydrofluoric acid: Surface characterization and in vivo performance

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A ◽

10.1002/jbm.a.31898 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88A (3) ◽

pp. 581-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Sébastien F. Lamolle ◽

Marta Monjo ◽

Ståle P. Lyngstadaas ◽

Jan E. Ellingsen ◽

Håvard J. Haugen

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Hydrofluoric Acid ◽

Surface Characterization ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Cathodic Reduction ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

Download Full-text

Influence of roughness on in-vivo properties of titanium implant surface and their electrochemical behavior

Surface and Coatings Technology ◽

10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.06.007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 302 ◽

pp. 215-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Shih Hsun Chen ◽

Shi Chiou Ho ◽

Chia Hao Chang ◽

Chien Chon Chen ◽

Wen Ching Say

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Behavior ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

Download Full-text

Histological Evaluation of Nano-Micro Titanium Implant Surface Treatment in Beagle Humerus

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2016.11923 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 1887-1889

Author(s):

Kwidug Yun ◽

Seongsoo Kang ◽

Gyejeong Oh ◽

Hyunpil Lim ◽

Kwangmin Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

Download Full-text

In vitro and in vivo study of a sodium chloride impregnated microarc oxidation-treated titanium implant surface

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c4tb00072b ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (22) ◽

pp. 3549 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaojing Wang ◽

Guowei Wang ◽

ShouQin Shan ◽

Guangyan Hui ◽

Tingkai Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Microarc Oxidation ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

Download Full-text

Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071670 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1670 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wölfle-Roos JV ◽

Katmer Amet B ◽

Fiedler J ◽

Michels H ◽

Kappelt G ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Implantation ◽

Large Scale ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Control Group ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Precision Casting ◽

Pull Out ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Calcium And Phosphorus

Background: Uncemented implants are still associated with several major challenges, especially with regard to their manufacturing and their osseointegration. In this study, a novel manufacturing technique—an optimized form of precision casting—and a novel surface modification to promote osseointegration—calcium and phosphorus ion implantation into the implant surface—were tested in vivo. Methods: Cylindrical Ti6Al4V implants were inserted bilaterally into the tibia of 110 rats. We compared two generations of cast Ti6Al4V implants (CAST 1st GEN, n = 22, and CAST 2nd GEN, n = 22) as well as cast 2nd GEN Ti6Al4V implants with calcium (CAST + CA, n = 22) and phosphorus (CAST + P, n = 22) ion implantation to standard machined Ti6Al4V implants (control, n = 22). After 4 and 12 weeks, maximal pull-out force and bone-to-implant contact rate (BIC) were measured and compared between all five groups. Results: There was no significant difference between all five groups after 4 weeks or 12 weeks with regard to pull-out force (p > 0.05, Kruskal Wallis test). Histomorphometric analysis showed no significant difference of BIC after 4 weeks (p > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test), whereas there was a trend towards a higher BIC in the CAST + P group (54.8% ± 15.2%), especially compared to the control group (38.6% ± 12.8%) after 12 weeks (p = 0.053, Kruskal–Wallis test). Conclusion: In this study, we found no indication of inferiority of Ti6Al4V implants cast with the optimized centrifugal precision casting technique of the second generation compared to standard Ti6Al4V implants. As the employed manufacturing process holds considerable economic potential, mainly due to a significantly decreased material demand per implant by casting near net-shape instead of milling away most of the starting ingot, its application in manufacturing uncemented implants seems promising. However, no significant advantages of calcium or phosphorus ion implantation could be observed in this study. Due to the promising results of ion implantation in previous in vitro and in vivo studies, further in vivo studies with different ion implantation conditions should be considered.

Download Full-text

Effect of Different Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces on Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior. An In Vitro Comparative Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11146353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 6353

Author(s):

Vittoria D’Esposito ◽

Josè Camilla Sammartino ◽

Pietro Formisano ◽

Alessia Parascandolo ◽

Domenico Liguoro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Dental Implant ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Cytokines And Chemokines ◽

Titanium Dental Implant ◽

Adhesive Ability ◽

Stimulating Factor

Background: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of three different titanium (Ti) implant surfaces on the viability and secretory functions of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from a Bichat fat pad (BFP-MSCs). Methods: Four different Ti disks were used as substrate: (I) D1: smooth Ti, as control; (II) D2: chemically etched, resembling the Kontact S surface; (III) D3: sandblasted, resembling the Kontact surface; (IV) D4: blasted/etched, resembling the Kontact N surface. BFP-MSCs were plated on Ti disks for 72 h. Cell viability, adhesion on disks and release of a panel of cytokines, chemokines and growth factor were evaluated. Results: BFP-MSCs plated in wells with Ti surface showed a viability rate (~90%) and proliferative rate comparable to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 disks. D2 and D4 showed the highest adhesive ability. All the Ti surfaces did not interfere with the release of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors by BFP-MSCs. However, BFP-MSCs cultured on D4 surface released a significantly higher amount of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) compared either to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 and D2. Conclusions: The implant surfaces examined do not impair the BFP-MSCs cell viability and preserve their secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to define the implant surface parameters able to assure the chemokines’ optimal release for a real improvement of dental implant osseointegration.

Download Full-text

Alkali-Modified Titanium Surface Stimulating Formation of Bone-Implant Interface

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.749 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 749-752

Author(s):

J. Strnad ◽

Jan Macháček ◽

Z. Strnad ◽

C. Povýšil ◽

Marie Strnadová

Keyword(s):

Titanium Implant ◽

Surface Characteristics ◽

Healing Time ◽

Machined Surface ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Bone Response ◽

Modified Surface ◽

The Difference ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

This study was carried out to assess the bone response to alkali-modified titanium implant surface (Bio surface), using histomorphometric investigation on an animal model. The mean net contribution of the Bio surface to the increase in bone implant contact (BIC) with reference to the turned, machined surface was evaluated at 7.94 % (BIC/week), within the first five weeks of healing. The contribution was expressed as the difference in the osseointegration rates ( BIC/'healing time) between the implants with alkali modified surface (Bio surface) and those with turned, machined surface. The surface characteristics that differed between the implant surfaces, i.e. surface morphology, specific surface area, contact angle, hydroxylation/hydration, may represent factors that influence the rate of osseointegration.

Download Full-text