Insights into Temperature and Soil Moisture-Induced Alterations in Safflower Physiological, Seed Filling, Quality, and Yield Attributes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Houshmand ◽  
Maryam Shirani ◽  
Parviz Ehsanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Filling

scholarly journals Post-Anthesis Drought Management in Late-Shown Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Pramod Bhari ◽  
Shrawan K Sah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Post anthesis drought is common problem in late sown wheat, which reduces crop yield. A field experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur in 2005/06 to find out the effect of irrigation, seed rate and mulch on soil moisture content and productivity of late sown wheat. Irrigation applied at crown root initiation CRI and heading stage significantly increased moisture content at 80 days after sowing, grain filling period (GFP) and crop duration period (CDP), thousand grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Higher seed rate was non significant on yield attributes and yield. Soil moisture content at 30, 80 and 95 days after sowing, vegetative growth period (VGP) and crop duration period, and grain yield were significantly higher in mulched plot than non mulched plot. Irrigation at reproductive stage and mulch were effective in increasing yield of late sown wheat.

scholarly journals Effect of different soil moisture regimes and salinity level on growth and yield in mustard

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagbir Singh ◽  
S. K. Varma ◽  
J. N. Bhatia ◽  
Lekh Raj
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Almost All

Soil moisture stress and salinity resulted reduction in almost all the growth, yield and yield attributes in mustard var. RH-30. Salinity behaved similarly to soil moisture stress and the magnitude of reduction increased with the increase in their level accordingly. Chloride type of toxicity was found to be more harmful than that of sulphate toxicity. The results obtained in the present study suggested that maintenance of wetter irrigation under salinity could go a long way in maximizing the crop production in mustard

scholarly journals Effects of different levels of soil moisture and indigenous organic amendments on the yield of boro rice grown under field condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Md Shiful Islam ◽  
Md Harunor Rashid Khan ◽  
Mohammed Sadid Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Mustard Meal ◽  
Moist Condition ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field study was conducted to determine the potentials of moist (70% soil moisture) and saturated (> 100% soil moisture) soil conditions and organic amendments of rice straw compost (RSC), mustard meal (MM) and trichocompost (TC) on the selected rice varieties of BR 3, local BRRI dhan 29 and BRRI dhan 74 in relation to the growth and yield attributes of rice varieties. The rates of amendments were 0, 4, 8 t/ha for RSC; 0, 3, 6 t/ha for MM and 0, 2.5, 5 t/ha for TC. The maximum grain yield of 8.71 t/ha was attained from the RSC4ML100 and 8.58 t/ha from RSC4ML70 treatments. The moist condition of soil had almost similar effects on the number of productive tillers, grain yield, number of filled and fissured grains, 1000-grain weight and harvest index as compared to saturated condition along with the doses of RSC, MM and TC. The RSC (4 t/ha) was the superior treatment with respect to the growth and yield components of rice followed by the treatments of TC (2.5 t/ha) and MM (3 t/ha), irrespective of rice varieties and moisture levels. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 87-96, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MULCH ON SOIL TEMPERATURE, SOIL MOISTURE CONSERVATION AND YIELD OF CHILLI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
M. Yasmin ◽  
M.A. Rahman ◽  
F.S. Shikha ◽  
M.S. Rahman ◽  
J. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Soil Moisture Conservation ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur, Bangladesh during the period of 2017-18 and 2018-19 with the objectives to evaluate the effect of different mulch on soil temperature, soil moisture conservation and yield attributes of chilli. There were five treatments comprising T1: no mulch, T2: rice straw mulch @ 5 t ha-1, T3: water hyacinth mulch @ 5 t ha-1, T4: black polyethylene mulch and T5: white polyethylene mulch. The results revealed that, all the mulch treatment had higher soil temperature and soil moisture content at 5 cm and 10 cm depth compared to no mulch treatment. Soil temperature was highest in black polyethylene mulch, it increased average soil temperature by about 5.7 oC at 5 cm depth and 5.1 oC at 10 cm depth compared to no mulch treatment at 120 Days. Rice straw mulch treatment recorded highest soil moisture, it increased average soil moisture about 27.87 % at 5 cm depth and 28.57% at 10 cm depth over no mulch treatment. Rice straw mulch treatment produced highest green chilli yield (8.81 t ha-1) which was 26.94 % increased over no mulch treatment (6.94 t ha-1).Considering economic analysis, highest gross return (Tk 352400 ha-1), gross margin (Tk 235400 ha-1) and BCR (3.01) was obtained from same treatment T2 i.e., rice straw mulch treatment.

Lupin: the largest grain legume crop in Western Australia, its adaptation and improvement through plant breeding

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. French ◽  
Bevan J. Buirchell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Root System ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Deep Root

Between 500 000 and 1 000 000 tonnes of narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) are produced in Western Australia each year. It has become the predominant grain legume in Western Australian agriculture because it is peculiarly well adapted to acid sandy soils and the Mediterranean climate of south-western Australia. It has a deep root system and root growth is not reduced in mildly acid soils, which allows it to fully exploit the water and nutrients in the deep acid sandplain soils that cover much of the agricultural areas of Western Australia. It copes with seasonal drought through drought escape and dehydration postponement. Drought escape is lupin’s main adaptation to drought, and has been strengthened by plant breeders over the past 40 years by removal of the vernalisation requirement for flowering, and further selection for earlier flowering and maturity. Lupin postpones dehydration by several mechanisms. Its deep root system allows it to draw on water from deep in the soil profile. Lupin stomata close to reduce crop water demand at a higher leaf water potential than wheat, but photosynthetic rates are higher when well watered. It has been proposed that stomata close in response to roots sensing receding soil moisture, possibly at a critical water potential at the root surface. This is an adaptation to sandy soils, which hold a greater proportion of their water at high matric potentials than loamy or clayey soils, since the crop needs to moderate its water use while there is still sufficient soil water left to complete its life cycle. Lupin has limited capacity for osmotic adjustment, and does not tolerate dehydration as well as other crops such as wheat or chickpea. Plant breeding has increased the yield potential of lupin in the main lupin growing areas of Western Australia by 2–3 fold since the first adapted cultivar was released in 1967. This has been due largely to selecting earlier flowering and maturing cultivars, but also to improved pod set and retention, resistance to Phomopsis leptostromiformis (Kühn) Bubák, and more rapid seed filling. We propose a model for reproductive development in lupin where vegetative growth is terminated in response to receding soil moisture and followed by a period in which all assimilate is devoted to seed filling. This should allow lupin to adjust its developmental pattern in response to seasonal conditions to something like the optimum that mathematical optimal control theory would choose for that season. This is the type of pattern that has evolved in lupin, and the task of future plant breeders will be to fine-tune it to better suit the environment in the lupin growing areas of Western Australia.

Effect of crop geometry and in situ soil moisture conservation practices on yield attributes and yield of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Gunturi Alekhya ◽  
V Jayakrishnakumar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Soil Moisture Conservation ◽  
Compost Application

Rice is the most widely grown crop in India. With the decreasing availability of water for irrigation, farmers are now switching towards water efficient production systems such as upland rice. Moisture stress at critical stages is one of the major reasons for low productivity of upland rice. So, the present study was conducted at college of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India. The experiment was conducted in RBD with nine treatments including two crop geometries viz., normal planting (20 cm x 10 cm) and paired row planting (10 cm x 10 cm) with 40 cm between paired rows, three rows of cowpea are grown in between two paired rows and in situ soil moisture conservation practices viz., live mulching of cowpea, hydrogel application and coirpith compost application were compared and analysed statistically on yield parameters and yield. Results revealed that, the treatment T9 (Paired row planting with live mulching of cowpea, hydrogel and coir pith compost application) favorably influenced the yield characters and yield of upland rice through proper conservation of moisture and improved availability of nutrients. The treatment T9 recorded the highest grain and straw yields of 3825 and 7700 kg ha-1 respectively with a harvest index (0.48) and was significantly superior to other treatments. It also recorded the highest moisture content in the soil as well as the maximum uptake and availability of nutrients.

PROTOTIPE APLIKASI PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR KELEMBABAN TANAH BERBASIS MICRO CONTOLLER ATMEGA 328

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Rudi Budi Agung ◽  
Muhammad Nur ◽  
Didi Sukayadi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Sensor Development ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Working Principle

The Indonesian country which is famous for its tropical climate has now experienced a shift in two seasons (dry season and rainy season). This has an impact on cropping and harvesting systems among farmers. In large scale this is very influential considering that farmers in Indonesia are stilldependent on rainfall which results in soil moisture. Some types of plants that are very dependent on soil moisture will greatly require rainfall or water for growth and development. Through this research, researchers tried to make a prototype application for watering plants using ATMEGA328 microcontroller based soil moisture sensor. Development of application systems using the prototype method as a simple method which is the first step and can be developed again for large scale. The working principle of this prototype is simply that when soil moisture reaches a certainthreshold (above 56%) then the system will work by activating the watering system, if it is below 56% the system does not work or in other words soil moisture is considered sufficient for certain plant needs.

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