scholarly journals Changes in growth responses in rice plants grown in the arsenic affected area: implication of As resistant microbes in mineral content and translocation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishvas Hare ◽  
Pankaj Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Rice Plants

scholarly journals Growth Responses and Root Characteristics of Lettuce Grown in Aeroponics, Hydroponics, and Substrate Culture

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiansheng Li ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Mengmeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
High Water ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aeroponics is a relatively new soilless culture technology which may produce food in space-limited cities or on non-arable land with high water-use efficiency. The shoot and root growth, root characteristics, and mineral content of two lettuce cultivars were measured in aeroponics, and compared with hydroponics and substrate culture. The results showed that aeroponics remarkably improved root growth with a significantly greater root biomass, root/shoot ratio, and greater total root length, root area, and root volume. However, the greater root growth did not lead to greater shoot growth compared with hydroponics, due to the limited availability of nutrients and water. It was concluded that aeroponics systems may be better for high value true root crop production. Further research is necessary to determine the suitable pressure, droplet size, and misting interval in order to improve the continuous availability of nutrients and water in aeroponics, if it is to be used to grow crops such as lettuce for harvesting above-ground parts.

scholarly journals Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Rice Growth Under Different Flooding and Shading Regimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutao Wang ◽  
Xiaozhe Bao ◽  
Shaoshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Rice Growth

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are present in paddy fields, where they suffer from periodic soil flooding and sometimes shading stress, but their interaction with rice plants in these environments is not yet fully explained. Based on two greenhouse experiments, we examined rice-growth response to AMF under different flooding and/or shading regimes to survey the regulatory effects of flooding on the mycorrhizal responses of rice plants under different light conditions. AMF had positive or neutral effects on the growth and yields of both tested rice varieties under non-flooding conditions but suppressed them under all flooding and/or shading regimes, emphasizing the high importance of flooding and shading conditions in determining the mycorrhizal effects. Further analyses indicated that flooding and shading both reduced the AMF colonization and extraradical hyphal density (EHD), implying a possible reduction of carbon investment from rice to AMF. The expression profiles of mycorrhizal P pathway marker genes (GintPT and OsPT11) suggested the P delivery from AMF to rice roots under all flooding and shading conditions. Nevertheless, flooding and shading both decreased the mycorrhizal P benefit of rice plants, as indicated by the significant decrease of mycorrhizal P responses (MPRs), contributing to the negative mycorrhizal effects on rice production. The expression profiles of rice defense marker genes OsPR1 and OsPBZ1 suggested that regardless of mycorrhizal growth responses (MGRs), AMF colonization triggered the basal defense response, especially under shading conditions, implying the multifaceted functions of AMF symbiosis and their effects on rice performance. In conclusion, this study found that flooding and shading both modulated the outcome of AMF symbiosis for rice plants, partially by influencing the mycorrhizal P benefit. This finding has important implications for AMF application in rice production.

Towards an appreciation of fern edaphic niche requirements

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond L. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Inorganic Ion ◽  
Species Specific

SynopsisThis assessment of selected literature on pteridophyte edaphic adaptation is presented in three parts: (1) pH and general soil nutrient background, (2) growth responses to specific inorganic ions and frond mineral content, and (3) collected works on Pteridium aquilinum edaphic adaptations. In this report, a case is made for the overriding effect of both soil pH and inorganic ion content in determining pteridophyte occurrence. Recommendations are made for more field and laboratory co-ordinated studies, especially as they pertain to the determination of species-specific amplitudes of adaptation, and for the initiation of physiological and metabolic investigations into the basis of these edaphic adaptations.

PSII-17 Phosphorus Release Values in Growing Pigs Fed Increments of Optiphos Plus Phytase in Pelleted Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Tom D Crenshaw ◽  
Caley R Haas ◽  
Megan Hansen ◽  
Mariola Grez Capdeville ◽  
Jeff Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract The efficacy of phytase (Pase) from OptiPhos Plus G (Huvepharma, Peachtree City, GA) was compared to inorganic phosphorus (iP) supplements to assess phosphorus equivalency. In 6 replicate 28-d trials, 288 crossbred F2 (Duroc X LR X LW) pigs (20.0 kg, 6 pigs/pen, 48 pens) were randomly assigned to 1 of 8 diets. Pig sex was balanced within pens. Basal corn-soybean meal diets, formulated to exceed nutrient requirements except for Ca and P, supplied 1.30% lysine from the same amounts of all ingredients. Sand was used to balance variable amounts of monocalcium phosphate and limestone. Diets supplied either 0.061, 0.156, or 0.241% iP from monocalcium phosphate or increments of 250, 500, 750, 1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg from Pase. All diets were pelleted (160°F, 2.5 tons/hr). The modified pellet durability index averaged 92.8% and 88.7% for all diets in each of 2 mixes. Non-linear growth responses to increments of iP and Pase were detected (P < 0.05). Using nonlinear regression models, maximum gain was calculated at 0.23% iP and 1144 FTU/kg Pase (equivalent to 0.31% available P or 0.38% STTD P). Likewise, from non-linear responses (P < 0.05), maximum response in whole-body bone mineral content (WBBMC) from analysis of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans were calculated at 1227 FTU/kg Pase. The maximum Pase response for WBBMC was below expectations and raised concerns for potential Ca limitations in diets at higher Pase supplements. Only linear WBBMC responses (P < 0.001) to iP levels were detected. Responses across iP and Pase treatments for femur bone mineral content reflected the same conclusions as responses to WBBMC. As growth responses to iP and Pase diets were non-linear, simple conversions of phytase activity to phosphorus release was not straight-forward. However, non-linear equations can predict economic values of target levels as a function of ingredient costs.

scholarly journals Growth and Mineral Content of St. Augustinegrass Cultivars in Response to Salinity

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Peacock ◽  
A.E. Dudeck ◽  
J.C. Wildmon
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Solution Cultures

This investigation documented growth and nutritional responses of St. Augustinegrass `Floralawn', `Floratam', `Floratine', and `Seville' in salinized (conductivity = 1.1 to 41.5 dS·m-1) solution cultures. Averaged over all cultivars' tissue, Cl concentrations increased linearly as salinity increased, while Na concentrations reached a threshold at 10 dS·m-1 during 3 months of growth. Tissue K concentration decreased nonlinearly with increased salinity to 10 dS·m-1, with `Floratine' being the least affected. All cultivars apparently substituted Na for K until an optimum level was reached. Leaf tissue concentration of P decreased linearly, while Ca and Mg decreased nonlinearly with increased salinity. The salinity level that caused a 50% reduction in Ca concentration was 24% lower for `Floratine' than for other cultivars. Tissue color differences were more strongly correlated with Ca and Mg levels in `Floratine' than `Seville'. Differences in cultivar response were noted for K, P, Ca, and Mg, with `Seville' being the most salt-tolerant among those evaluated, based on overall nutritional and growth responses.

Regulation of plastid photosynthetic psbK-I-D-C gene expression by light in rice plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chen Grace Chen ◽  
Sang-Pin Wu ◽  
Pang-Kuo Lo ◽  
Dir-Pu Mon ◽  
Long-Fang Oliver Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rice Plants
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