scholarly journals The Future of IVF: The New Normal in Human Reproduction

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly A. Kushnir ◽  
Gary D. Smith ◽  
Eli Y. Adashi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
The Future

AbstractIncreased demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) due to socio-demographic trends, and supply facilitated by new technologies, converged to transform the way a substantial proportion of humans reproduce. The purpose of this article is to describe the societal and demographic trends driving increased worldwide demand for IVF, as well as to provide an overview of emerging technologies that promise to greatly expand IVF utilization and lower its cost.

scholarly journals The obligate need for accuracy in reporting preclinical studies relevant to clinical trials: autologous germline mitochondrial supplementation for assisted human reproduction as a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 263349412091735
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Tilly ◽  
Dori C. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Mouse Study ◽  
Mitochondrial Supplementation

A now large body of work has solidified the central role that mitochondria play in oocyte development, fertilization, and embryogenesis. From these studies, a new technology termed autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer was developed for improving pregnancy success rates in assisted reproduction. Unlike prior clinical studies that relied on the use of donor, or nonautologous, mitochondria for microinjection into eggs of women with a history of repeated in vitro fertilization failure to enhance pregnancy success, autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer uses autologous mitochondria collected from oogonial stem cells of the same woman undergoing the fertility treatment. Initial trials of autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer during - in vitro fertilization at three different sites with a total of 104 patients indicated a benefit of the procedure for improving pregnancy success rates, with the birth of children conceived through the inclusion of autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer during in vitro fertilization. However, a fourth clinical study, consisting of 57 patients, failed to show a benefit of autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer– in vitro fertilization versus in vitro fertilization alone for improving cumulative live birth rates. Complicating this area of work further, a recent mouse study, which claimed to test the long-term safety of autologous mitochondrial supplementation during in vitro fertilization, raised concerns over the use of the procedure for reproduction. However, autologous mitochondria were not actually used for preclinical testing in this mouse study. The unwarranted fears that this new study’s erroneous conclusions could cause in women who have become pregnant through the use of autologous germline mitochondrial energy transfer during- in vitro fertilization highlight the critical need for accurate reporting of preclinical work that has immediate bearing on human clinical studies.

scholarly journals The unknown face of in vitro fertilization

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Pardo Sáenz
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Ethical Aspect ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Embryo Freezing ◽  
Human Fertilization ◽  
Attractive Face ◽  
A La Carte

Lo scopo di questo articolo è quello di mostrare il volto sconosciuto dei metodi artificiali di riproduzione umana. In generale, le cliniche per la fecondazione umana mostrano solo il volto più attraente della fecondazione in vitro: il neonato. Eppure, non hanno mai mostrato l’altra faccia di essa: la procedura lunga e drammatica che sta dietro. Dopo aver fatto un breve cenno alla attribuzione del Premio Nobel per la Medicina 2010 Robert Edwards, padre della fecondazione in vitro, analizziamo le due radici che sostengono il grande albero di metodi artificiali di riproduzione umana: lo scientismo e il sentimentalismo. Poi si studia l’aspetto etico di queste procedure. Siamo giunti ad un giudizio eticamente negativo su queste tecniche, dal momento che snaturano il significato della sessualità umana e l’atto coniugale. Subito dopo, analizziamo alcune delle conseguenze più frequenti di tali metodi: “la mortalità embrionale” associata con tali tecniche; “il congelamento degli embrioni in eccesso”; “i rischi per la salute”, sia del neonato così come quella della donna. Tutti questi sono elementi che la coppia deve prendere in considerazione al fine di prendere la decisione più libera e più responsabile possibile. Infine, spieghiamo il “pendio scivoloso” relativo all’uso di queste tecniche (il bambino medicalizzato, i bambini à la carte, la maternità surrogata e il mercantilismo riproduttivo): ciò che è stato sviluppato con uno intento ben preciso, per risolvere il problema di infertilità, ha sicuramente aperto nuove importanti questioni etiche. ---------- The purpose of this article is to show the unknown face of artificial human reproduction methods. Generally, human fertilization clinics only show the most attractive face of in vitro fertilization: the newborn. Yet, they never show the other face of it: the long and dramatic procedure behind it. After briefly mentioning the 2010 Nobel Medicine Award granted to Robert Edwards, the father of in vitro fertilization, we analyze the two roots that support the big tree of artificial human reproduction methods: scientism and sentimentalism. Then we study the ethical aspect of these procedures. We come to the conclusion that these techniques are ethically negative since they denaturalize the meaning of human sexuality and the conjugal act. Right after that, we analyze some of the most frequent consequences of such methods: “embryonic mortality” and directly related to it exceeding “embryo freezing”; “the risks for the health”, both of the newborn as well as that of the woman. All those are elements that the couple must take into consideration in order to make the freest and most responsible decision possible. Finally, we explain the “slippery slope” effect in the use of these techniques (medicine babies, babies a la carte, surrogate maternity and reproductive mercantilism): what was developed with a very specific aim in mind, to remedy the infertility problem, has definitely open new and important ethical concerns.

scholarly journals The Methodology and Stylistic Approach of Imam Tahavi in Tafseer “Ahkam ul Quran

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
dr. hafiz muhammad sani
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Natural Way

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) has emerged as one of the most popular byproduct of Assistant Reproductive Technology (ART) in our time. It has proven attractive to people across the globe for variety of reasons including infertility treatment and pre-natal sex selection. People of various cultures have reacted to its use in line with their own code of morality and religious values on human procreation, sexual purity and lineage exactitude. In the case of Muslims, its application for overcoming infertility has received general juridical approval with minimum number of caveats. A cursory of the existing fatwas, however reveals that the juristic deliberation on the implications of IVF in terms of destroying the excess embryos generated in the process is scanty. Accordingly, this study argues that if we equate legitimate use of IVF with natural way of human reproduction, then the ethicality of its casualties in terms of surplus embryo destruction should not be trivialized.

scholarly journals High Complexity Fertilization in Cuba: Egg Donation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Georgina Álvarez Medina
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Egg Donation ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Patients

The decades of the 70s and 80s of the last century in our country, allowed us to glimpse that the possibilities of treatment for the infertile couple were considerably expanded. Until that moment, infertile couples had very limited options such as adoption, insemination using a donor or conforming to not having children. In Cuba, since 1979, the first steps were taken in the field of assisted reproduction in animals. Human reproduction studies have been carried out at the National Institute of Endocrinology and the Ramón González Coro Gyneco-obstetric Hospital, the first birth having occurred in 1986. Since 2006 and with the aim of guaranteeing perinatological care specialized in pregnant patients as a result of in vitro fertilization, it was decided to create a consultation at the Ramón González Coro Hospital given the high rate of twin and triple pregnancies, preterm births and complications. The number of patients treated had to proceed with high complexity in vitro fertilization and sometimes ICSI and it was not until 2014 after the approval by our constitution, the family code and medical ethics that egg donation began.

Fertilizing morality: How religiosity and orientations toward science shape the morality, immorality, and amorality of reproductive technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 096366252110359
Author(s):  
Esther Chan ◽  
Sharan Kaur Mehta
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Moral Attitudes

Scientific innovations continue to advance the possibilities of human reproduction, raising important empirical and ethical questions. In vitro fertilization, disease reproductive genetic technologies, and enhancement reproductive genetic technologies are three reproductive technologies with varying moral support. Instead of assuming moral poles, we use original, nationally representative survey data of US adults ( N = 8107) and multinomial logistic regression to examine how religiosity and orientations toward science shape the moral acceptability, amorality, and the moral rejection of in vitro fertilization, disease reproductive genetic technologies, and enhancement reproductive genetic technologies. We find that increased confidence and trust in science lowered the odds of holding moral concerns, while greater religiosity was associated with higher odds of viewing these technologies as morally wrong. Moral attitudes further varied across religious tradition as certain religious groups had significantly higher odds of viewing these technologies as amoral. Findings have implications for advancing understandings of morality around the faith-science interface beyond conceptions of a moral binary.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document