scholarly journals Influence of regeneration process parameters on geometry and defects of clearance surface of planer knives used in wood planing process

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sutowski ◽  
Krzysztof Nadolny ◽  
Marzena Sutowska ◽  
Piotr Myśliński ◽  
Adam Gilewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Operational Quality ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Technological Quality

AbstractA properly implemented strategy regarding the planer knife regeneration process, may not only restore the original cutting ability of the tool, but even increase its operational quality, including its durability for industrial woodworking processes. This article presents experimental results and discussion in respect of sharpening planer knives with cubic boron nitride grinding wheels. Both the grinding conditions and machining surface quality were analyzed. Application of improper size or loads of abrasive grains may lead to the appearance of grinding burns on a machined surface, or result in a surface with cracks and grooves. The results of the measurements carried out indicate that surfaces with reduced values of roughness and waviness parameters can be obtained, even up to 22% (as in the case of the reduced peak height parameter, Spk) in relation to new knives, prepared at a factory. The value of St and Sds parameters are almost the same as reference knife (deviation up to 3%). Due to machining marks, the total waviness exceeds 33%. Our research also shows that due to the technological quality of the knife surfaces, it is beneficial to use CBN grains with a low depth of cut (ae no more than 0.02 mm), but a moderate or high feed rate (the best choice is about 470 mm/min for vft). Presented results constitute an important know-how for the grinding process with the use of grinders used by operators (like WEINIG Rondamat 980) during the sharpening of planer cutter heads in the wood industry.

Thermal hardening and calculation of the mathematical model of face milling of parts made of steel 95X18-Sh to improve the quality of the surface layer

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
I.N. Sedinin ◽  
V.F. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Full Factorial

It is considered the complex of operations of the technological process for the heat treatment of steel 95X18-Sh, as a result of which the material of the samples increases the hardness to 59...61 HRC, and also improves the physical and mechanical properties. A full-scale full factorial experiment of face milling of samples was carried out using the method of mathematical planning. In the experiments, a high-precision machine and a carbide cutting tool were used. To calculate the values of the roughness function, the following are taken as independent variables: cutting speed, feed per tooth and depth of cut. In order to determine the coefficients of the linear equation, a central compositional orthogonal plan of the second order for three factors was used. A matrix of levels of variation of independent variable factors and a matrix of experiment planning were compiled. A regression analysis of the obtained experimental statistical data was carried out using the Microsoft Excel, Statistica and Wolfram Alpha programs. As a result of the calculations, a mathematical model of the roughness of the machined surface and optimal cutting conditions were determined.

Fractal-Based Analysis of the Relation Between Surface Finish and Machine Vibration in Milling Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Owais Qadri ◽  
Hamidreza Namazi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Machine Vibration ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Surface Changes

Analysis of surface quality of machined workpiece is an important issue in machining of materials. For this purpose, scientists analyze how the texture of machined surface changes due to different conditions. Machine vibration is one of the factors that highly affects the surface quality of machined surface. In this research, we analyze the relation between machine vibration and surface quality of machined workpiece. For this purpose, we employ fractal theory and analyze how the complex structure of machined surface changes with the complex structure of machine vibration signal in case of variations of machining parameters, namely, depth of cut, feed rate and spindle speed, in milling operation. Based on the results, variations of surface quality of machined workpiece are related with the variations of complexity of machine vibration signal. The method of analysis employed in this research can be applied to other machining operations in order to find the relation between machine vibration and surface quality of machined workpiece.

Технологическое обеспечение качества поверхностного слоя стекловолоконных композитов при концевом фрезеровании

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Andrei Markov ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav Nekrasov ◽  
Jian Su ◽  
Azhar Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Experimental Assembly ◽  
Operation Results

Introduction. Today fiberglass is one of the most common composite materials. Therefore, its mechanical processing continues to be the subject of many studies. In many scientific publications, the influence of cutting modes and structural and geometric parameters of the tool on the roughness of the machined surface, cutting forces and wear of the cutting tool has been established. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of machining modes on delamination and roughness of fiberglass composites during end milling, as well as testing the hypothesis about the effect of torque on the delamination. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that delamination, along with roughness, has a significant impact on the quality of processing and subsequent assembly of the finished product. A criterion is proposed for assessing the magnitude of the delamination of composite materials during its machining. The results of experimental studies of the torque on the cutter, the relative coefficient of delamination and surface roughness from cutting conditions are presented. Methods: factorial experiment using an experimental assembly developed by the authors based on a piezoelectric torque sensor. The installation allows real-time recording of the change in torque during the milling process, depending on the modes of operation. Results and Discussion. A comparative analysis of the obtained dependences showed that the torque is directly related to delamination. To reduce the delamination, the depth of cut should be decreased, and in order to ensure the specified productivity, the feed and the rotational speed of the cutter should be increased. The presented results confirm the prospects of the developed approach aimed at machining new classes of composite materials.

The Effects of Cutting Parameters on Surface Texture of Hybrid Composite CFRP/AL2024

2016 ◽  
Vol 863 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saiful Bahri Mohamed ◽  
Wan Noor Fatihah Mohamad ◽  
Martini Muhamad ◽  
Jailani Ismail ◽  
Been Seok Yew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Machined Surface Quality ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Dry Conditions

The use of hybrid composite materials has increased due to their special mechanical and physical properties. However, machining of these materials is extremely difficult due to non-homogeneous, anisotropic and highly abrasive characteristics. The performance of machined surface quality of CFRP/Al2024 was described using two level factorial methodology. This research aims to study the interaction effects and significant factors of cutting parameters on the surface quality and optimise the cutting parameter for the surface quality of CFRP/Al2024 1μm to 2μm. The trimming process test was performed under dry conditions using burr tools 6mm diameter of end mills. The factors investigated were spindle speed (N), feed rate (fr) and depth of cut (dc), meanwhile profile roughness parameters (Ra) of CFRP and Al2024 were the response variables. Results show that the best estimated value of fr should be 500 mm/min to 530 mm/min, N is between and 2313.870 rpm to 2336.042 rpm. For both responses, N is the most significant effect followed by fr and dc.

COMPLEXITY-BASED DECODING OF THE EFFECT OF MACHINING PARAMETERS ON THE MACHINED SURFACE IN MILLING OPERATION

Fractals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 1950076 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUSHAL BISSOONAUTH ◽  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Major Factors

Acquiring the desired surface quality is one of the major efforts in machining of materials. Milling operation is a widely used machining operation to shape the material in different forms. Machining parameters and conditions are two major factors that affect the surface quality of machined workpiece in milling operation. In this paper, we analyze the surface finish of machined workpiece under the variations of machining parameters and conditions (wet and dry conditions) in milling operation. For our analysis, we use fractal dimension as the indicator of complexity of structure. Based on the obtained results, in the case of wet machining condition, by increasing the depth of cut, feed rate and spindle speed in separate experiments, the fractal dimension of machined surface increases. However, the obtained results in the case of dry machining condition are not consistent with the variations of different machining parameters. The obtained results will be discussed in terms of complex structure of machined surface. The method of analysis employed in this research can be investigated with other machining operations to check how the machining parameters and conditions affect the surface quality of machined surface.

Optimization of the Process Parameters in Milling of Aluminum Alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Nicolae Craciunoiu ◽  
Emil Nicusor Patru ◽  
Adrian Sorin Rosca ◽  
Dumitru Panduru ◽  
Marin Bica
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Milling Parameters

In order to control the temperature during milling process of aluminum alloys and keeping as minimum as possible, the choice of the cutting parameters and their optimization is very important, both for the tool wear but also for the surface quality of machined surface. The main purpose of this paper is to find the optimum values of the milling parameters (rotational speed and depth of cut) so that the minimum value for the temperature to be obtained. Using adequate experimental conditions with contact measurements techniques (thermocouple K-type) carried out on the some types of aluminum alloys and the appropriate statistical instruments, the most influencing cutting parameters and their values on the cutting temperature can be found. The results are presented both analytical and graphical.

Investigation of Surface Integrity in Path Controlled Grinding of Crankshaft Pin

2013 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Man Chao Zhang ◽  
Zhen Qiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Wheel Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Surface Residual Stress ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Surface Residual Stresses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grinding Conditions

This paper investigates the effects of path controlled grinding on the grinding performance of 40Cr using vitrified-bonded cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive at low revolution. The evaluation of surface roughness and surface residual stress are presented. Experiments were carried out for path controlled cylindrical grinder in a wide range of grinding conditions. It can be obtained that the variation is slight in agreement with the small difference about roughness. The wheel speed and depth of cut are two key parameters to the surface residual stresses, and work speed does not seem to influence the residual stresses in the test conditions. The high residual grinding stresses of pin bearing resulting from path controlled grinding are compressive type at the surface for all conditions.

Study on the Machined Surface Geometry Generated by Multi-Axis Ball End Milling Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao Chen ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yong Wang Dong ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Jia Bang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Two Parameters

This paper investigated the surface generated by single factor experiment under multi-axis finish milling condition, and the effects of cutting parameters on surface textures, 2D and 3D surface topographies and surface roughness characteristics were analyzed. Surface features evaluation indicators of Ra, Rq, Rt, surface heights histogram, maximum valley depth and maximum peak height corresponding to various cutting parameters were presented and discussed. The machining marks are closely related with tool orientation angles. The orderly distributions of concave and convex patterns on the machined surface are produced by the special cutting orientation of the cutting edges. The feed per tooth, spindle speed, tilt angle, and lead angle apparently affect surface roughness, while depth of cut and radial width of cut have no obvious effects on the surface roughness when the two parameters values vary in a small range.

Orthogonal Experimental Study on the Grinding-Hardened Layer’s Depth and its Uniformity of 45 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 898-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed

Based on the orthogonal experiment of grinding-hardening machine, this paper studied the influence of depth of cut ap, table speed vw and grinding method gm on the grinding-hardened layer’s depth and its uniformity of 45 steel. The results show that, depth of cut ap is the significant factor affected the average value of grinding-hardened layer’s depth, but the influence of grinding conditions on the uniformity are very limited. In actual application, it should adopt ap=0.6mm, vw=0.4m/min and up-down grinding method to enhance the quality of grinding-hardened layer.

FRACTAL-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE RELATION BETWEEN THE FRACTAL STRUCTURES OF MACHINED SURFACE AND TOOL WEAR IN TURNING OPERATION

Fractals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950094 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAI LIP KIEW ◽  
AKSHAYEN BRAHMANANDA ◽  
KH TAUHID ISLAM ◽  
HAO NAM LEE ◽  
SAMUEL ANTHONY VENIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Machining Operations

Obtaining the optimum surface finish is one of the key factors in machining operations. For this purpose, engineers apply a set of machining parameters to obtain the desired surface quality. On the other hand, tool faces wear during machining operation that itself affects the surface quality of machined surface. Therefore, tool wear and surface finish of machined workpiece should be related to each other. In this research, we employ fractal analysis in order to investigate the correlation between variations of complex structure of machined surface and tool wear in turning operation. In fact, we changed the machining parameters between different experiments and investigated how the machined surface is correlated with the tool wear. Based on the obtained results, we can see the correlation between the complexity of machined surface and tool wear by increasing the depth of cut, spindle speed and feed rate in different experiments. The method of analysis employed in this research can be widely applied to other machining operations in order to find the correlation between the surface quality of machined surface and tool wear.

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