scholarly journals Scale effect on territorial disparities of sustainable human development in Morocco: a spatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aomar Ibourk ◽  
Soukaina Raoui
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
Spatial Equity ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
Territorial Division

AbstractConcretizing the input of Morocco’s advanced regionalization project, which aims to reduce territorial disparities for sustainable human development, is a cornerstone for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Alongside the implementation of this project, we carried out a multiscale study of the scope of human development disparities in Morocco based on the new engineering of the territorial division across twelve regions, seventy-five provinces, and fifteen hundred communes. The study aimed to test the effect of scale modification to identify spatial concentrations through the communal human development index. The level of human development of a country is assessed through the convergence of its local HDI. We tested the scaling effect in 2004 and 2017 to determine the state of convergence of human development indicators. The spatial autocorrelation results showed that the distribution of capabilities at the communal scale remained concentrated in Morocco. Areas near developed communes follow the same pattern, at the expense of more distant areas. After the spatial configuration of advanced regionalization was undertaken, there was a decrease in regional and provincial disparities. This outcome is less notable at the communal level. Focusing on the microscale consequently becomes a preferable way to reduce inequalities in sustainable human development. Therefore, for the success and effectiveness of the advanced regionalization project in particular and for the achievement of the SDGs in general, spatial equity remains a necessary condition for the convergence of sustainable human development actions at the microscale.

Promoting Health with Equitable and Sustainable Human Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 589-608
Author(s):  
Richard Jolly
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals

Progress toward social justice in public health requires actions to reduce the extremes of social injustice, well beyond health and health services, within each country and globally. Economic inequalities have never been greater than now, although structural inequalities of power, income, and living standards have long been present throughout the world. This chapter describes how social injustice can be reduced by promoting equitable and sustainable human development. It discusses economic and social requirements for a greater justice in public health, myths about the costs of equity and social justice, and multidimensional indicators of poverty and inequalities. It concludes with a discussion of what needs to be done, including making equity an economic priority, providing international support, utilizing the Sustainable Development Goals for poverty reduction, and taking other actions toward social justice. Two text boxes address the roles of international nongovernmental organizations and foundations in promoting equitable and sustainable human development.

scholarly journals Human development, greenhouse gas emissions and sub-national mitigation burdens: a Brazilian perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geanderson Ambrósio ◽  
Dênis Antônio Da Cunha ◽  
Marcel Viana Pires ◽  
Luis Costa ◽  
Raiza Moniz Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Ghg Mitigation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
National Human ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

AbstractInternational frameworks for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation usually disregard country-specific inequalities for the allocation of mitigation burdens. This may hinder low developed regions in a country from achieving development in a socioeconomic perspective, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of eradicating poverty (SDG1) and hunger (SDG2). We use observed data (1991–2010) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) emissions and a sub-national human development index (MicroHDI, range [0, 1]) for Brazilian microregions to design a framework where regional mitigation burdens are proportional to the MicroHDI, without compromising national mitigation pledges. According to our results, the less developed Brazilian regions have not been basing their development in emission-intensive activities; instead, the most developed regions have. Between 2011 and 2050, Brazilian cumulative emissions from the sectors most correlated with MicroHDI are expected to be 325 Gt CO2eq, of which only 50 Gt are associated with regions of MicroHDI < 0.8. Assuming a national GHG mitigation target of 56.5% in 2050 over 2010 (consistent with limiting global warming to 2 ºC), Brazil would emit 190 Gt CO2eq instead of 325 Gt and the 135 Gt reduction is only accounted for by regions after reaching MicroHDI ≥ 0.8. Allocating environmental restrictions to the high-developed regions leaves ground for the least developed ones to pursue development with fewer restrictions. Our heterogeneous framework represents a fairer allocation of mitigation burdens which could be implemented under the concepts of green economy. This work could be an international reference for addressing both environmental and socioeconomic development in developing countries at sub-national level as emphasized by the SDGs.

Human Development in an Unequal World

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Seeta Prabhu ◽  
Sandhya S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Development Practice

This book is about the human development paradigm that is assuming renewed importance at a time when global dialogue is preoccupied with discussing pathways for achieving the 2030 agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It deals with the knowledge of human development in an unequal world and examines a range of issues of contemporary relevance, such as social sectors, poverty, gender inequality, social exclusion, and sustainability. Arguments in favour of human freedoms and flourishing are pertinent as societies in contemporary times are getting increasing broken into multiple identities and social categories. The ‘Unequal World’ represents the conjunction of human unfreedoms due to deprivations and inequalities in multiple realms. It argues for a paradigmatic shift in analysis, policy, and methodology towards a people-centered approach rooted in human flourishing and freedoms. This book seeks to bring back people to the forefront, and refocus on the centrality of peoples’ choices and freedoms. It is anchored in the human development paradigm and examines a range of issues that reflect the dimensions of an unequal world. Set within the broader framework that includes processes, institutions, and actors, the book explores both analytical and empirical realms. The ten chapters of the book weave together the numerous concepts, methods, and evidence. The comprehensive coverage and the integrated framework presented will enable readers across the globe to arrive at a thorough understanding of the human development approach and apply these frameworks in development practice with a fresh and more relevant perspective.

Sustainable Human Development Across the Life Course

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Life Course

Sustainable Human Development Across the Lifecourse brings together impactful findings that respond to the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 commitment to ‘leave no one behind’. Drawing together international longitudinal studies researching child and adolescent wellbeing in over 40 countries, contributors explore a wide range and complexity of pressing global issues, with emphasis given to excluded and vulnerable populations and gender inequality. Importantly, the book sets out actionable strategies for policy makers and practitioners to help strengthen the global Sustainable Development Goals framework, accelerate their implementation and guide improvements for effective public policy.

Seeking consensus on universal health coverage indicators in the sustainable development goals

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Reddock
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Universal Health

There is optimism that the inclusion of universal health coverage in the Sustainable Development Goals advances its prominence in global and national health policy. However, formulating indicators for Target 3.8 through the Inter-Agency Expert Group on Sustainable Development Indicators has been challenging. Achieving consensus on the conceptual and methodological aspects of universal health coverage is likely to take some time in multi-stakeholder fora compared with national efforts to select indicators.

scholarly journals The evolution of humanitarian mapping within the OpenStreetMap community

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Herfort ◽  
Sven Lautenbach ◽  
João Porto de Albuquerque ◽  
Jennings Anderson ◽  
Alexander Zipf
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Global Population

AbstractIn the past 10 years, the collaborative maps of OpenStreetMap (OSM) have been used to support humanitarian efforts around the world as well as to fill important data gaps for implementing major development frameworks such as the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of humanitarian mapping within the OSM community, seeking to understand the spatial and temporal footprint of these large-scale mapping efforts. The spatio-temporal statistical analysis of OSM’s full history since 2008 showed that humanitarian mapping efforts added 60.5 million buildings and 4.5 million roads to the map. Overall, mapping in OSM was strongly biased towards regions with very high Human Development Index. However, humanitarian mapping efforts had a different footprint, predominantly focused on regions with medium and low human development. Despite these efforts, regions with low and medium human development only accounted for 28% of the buildings and 16% of the roads mapped in OSM although they were home to 46% of the global population. Our results highlight the formidable impact of humanitarian mapping efforts such as post-disaster mapping campaigns to improve the spatial coverage of existing open geographic data and maps, but they also reveal the need to address the remaining stark data inequalities, which vary significantly across countries. We conclude with three recommendations directed at the humanitarian mapping community: (1) Improve methods to monitor mapping activity and identify where mapping is needed. (2) Rethink the design of projects which include humanitarian data generation to avoid non-sustainable outcomes. (3) Remove structural barriers to empower local communities and develop capacity.

scholarly journals Reflecting Disaster Risk in Development Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Mochizuki ◽  
Asjad Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
National Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Global Agenda

Disasters triggered by hazards, such as floods, earthquakes, droughts, and cyclones, pose significant impediments to sustainable development efforts in the most vulnerable and exposed countries. Mainstreaming disaster risk is hence seen as an important global agenda as reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015–2030. Yet, conventional development indicators remain largely negligent of the potential setbacks that may be posed by disaster risk. This article discusses the need to reflect disaster risk in development indicators and proposes a concept disaster risk-adjusted human development index (RHDI) as an example. Globally available national-level datasets of disaster risk to public and private assets (including health, educational facilities, and private housing) is combined with an estimate of expenditure on health, education, and capital formation to construct an RHDI. The RHDI is then analyzed across various regions and HDI groups, and contrasted with other HDI variants including inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) and the gender-specific female HDI (FHDI) to identify groups of countries where transformational disaster risk reduction (DRR) approaches may be necessary.

scholarly journals Policy priority inference: A computational framework to analyze the allocation of resources for the sustainable development goals

Data & Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar A. Guerrero ◽  
Gonzalo Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Coherence ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Development Indicator ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policy Priority

Abstract We build a computational framework to support the planning of development and the evaluation of budgetary strategies toward the 2030 Agenda. The methodology takes into account some of the complexities of the political economy underpinning the policymaking process: the multidimensionality of development, the interlinkages between these dimensions, and the inefficiencies of policy interventions, as well as institutional factors that promote or discourage these inefficiencies. The framework is scalable and usable even with limited publicly available information: development-indicator data. However, it can be further refined as more data becomes available, for example, on public expenditure. We demonstrate its usage through an application for the Mexican federal government. For this, we infer historical policy priorities, that is, the non-observable allocations of transformative resources that generated past changes in development indicators. We also show how to use the tool to assess the feasibility of development goals, to measure policy coherence, and to identify accelerators. Overall, the framework and its computational tools allow policymakers and other stakeholders to embrace a complexity (and a quantitative) view to tackle the challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Reforming Islamic Finance for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Tariqullah Khan Tariqullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Architecture ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Social Environmental

The paradigm of Islamic economics and finance is guided by the motivation of comprehensive human development (CHD) and its preservation as manifested in the objectives of Sharīʿah (maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah). However, the real world free-market economies are driven by the linear economy paradigm under the influence of Hotelling’s 1931 famous work concerning the economics of exploiting natural resources, in which, the ecological environment is not recognized as a resource. The global financial architecture is designed to protect and preserve the linear economic paradigm. In practice, Islamic finance has also remained a ḥalāl sub-set of this system. The resultant social, environmental, and governance imbalances have recently led to different initiatives sponsored by the UN including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Like the maqāṣid, the SDGs also aim at achieving and preserving human development. In practice, for the first time, a real paradigm shift from the linear to the ecological/circular economy is noticeably taking place, also inducing the transformation of the financial architecture. In this paper, in a broader perspective, we use the CHD and SDGs interchangeably, and discuss a number of paradigmatic and regulatory reforms that will be required to enhance the actual effectiveness of Islamic finance in achieving the ideals of CHD, and the SDGs at large. The paper in fact outlines a wider scope of the potential reform initiatives.

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