Algorithms for the Recovery of the 3-D Shape of Anatomical Structures from Single X-Ray Images

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray

Ulnar corner

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome ◽  
Ulnar Head ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Hook Of Hamate ◽  
Hamate Fracture ◽  
Excision Arthroplasty ◽  
Operative Measures

The ulnar corner is complex with many anatomical structures and many potential pathologies. This may render diagnosis and treatment a challenge. Meticulous history taking and examination are required, supplemented, if necessary, by tests such as X-ray, MRI, and arthroscopy. Condition include ECU and FCU tendinopathy; hook of hamate fracture; carpal instability; osteoarthritis of the DRUJ, pisotriquetral joint and lunatehamate joint; degenerative and traumatic lesions of the TFCC; ulnar neuropathy, and hypothenar hammer syndrome. Successful treatment depends on accurate diagnosis; non-operative measures usually suffice but surgical options include excision arthroplasty (e.g. pisiform arthritis), joint replacement (e.g. ulnar head), neurolysis (e.g. ulnar nerve neuropathy), surgical debridement (e.g. TFCC central perforations and lunate–hamate arthritis), and ulnar shortening (ulnocarpal impaction).

Active contours with prior corner detection to extract discontinuous boundaries of anatomical structures in X-ray images

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruni U.A. Niroshika ◽  
Donna K.S. Kannangara ◽  
Ravindra S. Lokupitiya ◽  
Ravinda G.N. Meegama
Keyword(s):  
Active Contours ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Modern concepts of constitutional and X-ray anatomy of the chest in adolescents and adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Elena D. Lutsay ◽  
Aleksandr G. Shekhtman ◽  
Anatolii V. Volodin ◽  
Tatyana A. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest Cavity ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Surgical Access ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

The review presents the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, selecting the available scientific data on the features of constitutional and X-ray anatomy of the chest in adolescents and adults. The size and shape of the chest depends on age, sex and anthropometric parameters: height, body mass index, and also the presence of concomitant pathology. These patterns are characteristic of individual anatomical structures of the chest: sternum, ribs, spine and diaphragm. The study of constitutional anatomy is necessary for the development of morphological foundations for the interpretation of the results of intravital imaging of the chest and organs, justification of various methods of surgical access to the organ and structures of the chest and chest cavity.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Periapical Radiography and CBCT in Endodontic Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lo Giudice ◽  
F. Nicita ◽  
F. Puleio ◽  
A. Alibrandi ◽  
G. Cervino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Root Fractures ◽  
Endodontic Diagnosis ◽  
Periapical Radiography

Introduction. A radiological evaluation is essential in endodontics, for diagnostic purposes, planning and execution of the treatment, and evaluation of the success of therapy. The periapical radiography is nowadays the main radiographic investigations used but presents some limits as 3D anatomic alteration, geometric compression, and possible anatomical structures overlapping that can obscure the area of interest. CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) in endodontics allows a detailed assessment of the teeth and surrounding alveolar anatomy for endodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up. Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of CBCT in comparison with conventional intraoral radiographs used in endodontic procedures. Materials and Methods. Statistical analysis was performed on 101 patients with previous endodontic treatments with the relative radiographic documentation (preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up intraoral X-ray) that had underwent at CBCT screening for surgical reasons. The CBCT scans were evaluated independently by two operators and compared with the corresponding periapical images. Results. Our analysis shows that the two radiological investigations statistically agree in 100% of cases in the group of patients without any endodontic sign. In the group of patients with an endodontic pathology, detected with CBCT, endodontic under extended treatments (30.6%), MB2 canals in nontreated maxillary molars (20.7%), second canals in nontreated mandibular incisors (9%), root fractures (2.7%), and root resorption (2.7%) were not always visible in intraoral X-ray. Otherwise, positivity in the intraoral X-ray was always confirmed in CBCT. A radiolucent area was detected in CBCT exam in 46%, while the intraoral X-ray exam was positive only in 18%. Conclusions. Our study shows that some important radiological signs acquired using CBCT are not always visible in periapical X-ray. Furthermore, CBCT is considered as a II level exam and could be used to solve diagnostic questions, essential to a proper management of the endodontic problems.

EXTRACTION OF CORONARY ARTERIAL TREE USING CINE X-RAY ANGIOGRAMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIH-YANG LIN ◽  
YU-TAI CHING
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Medial Axis ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Snake Algorithm ◽  
Vessel Centerline

An efficient and robust method for identification of coronary arteries and evaluation of the severity of the stenosis on the routine X-ray angiograms is proposed. It is a challenging process to accurately identify coronary artery due to poor signal-to-noise ratio, vessel overlap, and superimposition with various anatomical structures such as ribs, spine, or heart chambers. The proposed method consists of two major stages: (a) signal-based image segmentation and (b) vessel feature extraction. The 3D Fourier and 3D Wavelet transforms are first employed to reduce the background and noisy structures in the images. Afterwards, a set of matched filters was applied to enhance the coronary arteries in the images. At the end, clustering analysis, histogram technique, and size filtering were utilized to obtain a binary image that consists of the final segmented coronary arterial tree. To extract vessel features in terms of vessel centerline and diameter, a gradient vector-flow based snake algorithm is applied to determine the medial axis of a vessel followed by the calculations of vessel boundaries and width associated with the detected medial axis.

Localization of the Trace Elements Iron, Zinc and Selenium in Relation to Anatomical Structures in Bovine Ovaries by X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie J. Ceko ◽  
Katja Hummitzsch ◽  
Wendy M. Bonner ◽  
Jade B. Aitken ◽  
Kathryn M. Spiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Three Stages

AbstractX-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to image 40 histological cross-sections of bovine ovaries (n=19), focusing on structures including: antral follicles at different stages of growth or atresia, corpora lutea at three stages of development (II–IV), and capillaries, arterioles, and other blood vessels. This method identified three key trace elements [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se)] within the ovarian tissue which appeared to be localized to specific structures. Owing to minimal preprocessing of the ovaries, important high-resolution information regarding the spatial distribution of these elements was obtained with elemental trends and colocalizations of Fe and Zn apparent, as well as the infrequent appearance of Se surrounding the antrum of large follicles, as previously reported. The ability to use synchrotron radiation to measure trace element distributions in bovine ovaries at such high resolution and over such large areas could have a significant impact on understanding the mechanisms of ovarian development. This research is intended to form a baseline study of healthy ovaries which can later be extended to disease states, thereby improving our current understanding of infertility and endocrine diseases involving the ovary.

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