Nature conservation in Italy: the existing national parks and other protected areas

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Lovari ◽  
Fabio Cassola
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks

scholarly journals Marine nature conservation and conflicts with fisheries

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Grip ◽  
Sven Blomqvist
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Management Tools

AbstractGlobally, conflicts between marine nature conservation and fishery interests are common and increasing, and there is often a glaring lack of dialogue between stakeholders representing these two interests. There is a need for a stronger and enforced coordination between fishing and conservation authorities when establishing marine protected areas for conservation purposes. We propose that an appropriate instrument for such coordination is a broad ecosystem-based marine spatial planning procedure, representing neither nature conservation nor fishery. Strategic environmental assessment for plans and programmes and environmental impact assessment for projects are commonly used tools for assessing the environmental impacts of different human activities, but are seldom used for evaluating the environmental effects of capture fisheries. The diversity of fisheries and the drastic effects of some fisheries on the environment are strong arguments for introducing these procedures as valuable supplements to existing fisheries assessment and management tools and able to provide relevant environmental information for an overall marine spatial planning process. Marine protected areas for nature conservation and for protection of fisheries have different objectives. Therefore, the legal procedure when establishing marine protected areas should depend on whether they are established for nature conservation purposes or as a fisheries resource management tool. Fishing in a marine protected area for conservation purpose should be regulated according to conservation law. Also, we argue that marine protected areas for conservation purposes, in the highest protection category, should primarily be established as fully protected marine national parks and marine reserves.

scholarly journals Changes in the human footprint in and around Indonesia’s terrestrial national parks between 2012 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asri A. Dwiyahreni ◽  
Habiburrachman A. H. Fuad ◽  
Sunaryo Muhtar ◽  
T. E. Budhi Soesilo ◽  
Chris Margules ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Human Footprint ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe human footprint (HF) was developed to measure of the impact of human activities on the environment. The human footprint has been found to be closely related to the vulnerability of protected areas around the world. In Indonesia, as nature conservation is still seen as hindering economic development, it is especially important to assess the human footprint in order to comprehend the overall pressures resulting from the various human activities on Indonesia’s national parks. This study measured the change in the human footprint in and around 43 terrestrial national parks over 5 years, between 2012 and 2017. As many as 37 out of 43 NPs experienced an increase in the HF, ranging from 0.4 to 77.3%. Tanjung Puting in Kalimantan experienced the greatest increase (77.3%), while Ujung Kulon in Jawa Bali bioregion had the greatest decrease (10.5%). An increase in human population density and improved access to parks from roads, rivers and coastlines are the main drivers of increasing impacts on national parks.

scholarly journals A RESEARCH UPON THE SUSTAINABLE NATURE-BASED TOURISM: CASE OF WESTERN BLACK SEA REGION OF TURKEY

2015 ◽  
pp. 445-455
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Protected Areas Management ◽  
Regional Director ◽  
Nature Parks

Natural and cultural assets are among the most important resources that generate the tourism supply. Tourism trends are changing rapidly from mass tourism to alternative tourism and in recent years there have been significant initiatives concerning sustainable and environmentally sensitive tourism in Turkey. The Western Black Sea Region has a great potantial for nature-based tourism with its biodiversity, unspoiled nature, lakes, waterfalls, National Parks and Protected Areas. National Parks, Nature Parks, Natural Areas are under the responsibility of the Ministry of Water Affairs and Forestry in Turkey. Many types of tourism and activities such as ecotourism, nature tourism, hunting, trekking are carried out under the control of the General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks.The aim of this study is to evaluate the strategy of General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks for sustainable nature-based tourism and to reveal sustainable nature-based tourism strategy for the Western Black Sea Region. For this purpose, "Master Plan of Nature-Based Tourism of Sinop " examined by document analysis method which was prepared by 10th Regional Directorate for the Province of Sinop. And also In-depth interviews conducted with the 10.th Regional Director of Forestry about their activities and strategies about sustaniable nature-based tourism. Findings show that Forestry has many activities and practices sush as ―Enhancing Forest Protected Areas Management System‖,and ―DisabledFriendly Accessible National Park Project‖.

scholarly journals Protecting Nature and Displacing People

Refuge ◽  
1997 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Peter Vandergeest
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Local People ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
The World ◽  
Displacement Effects

We usually think that national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and other areas reserved for the protection of nature are good things but the displacement effects of protected areas have made them highly controversial in many parts of the world. However, many environmental groups see an expanded protected areas system as central to the preservation of both biodiversity and the "charismatic megafauna" which are the basis of their funding drives. Based on a discussion of the historical roots of protected areas, the globalization of nature protection and local people in conservation, this article offers alternatives to the displacement of rural populations in the name of nature conservation.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Effects of National Park Governance and Management: Lessons from Post-Socialist Era Estonia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Henri Järv ◽  
Raymond D. Ward ◽  
Janar Raet ◽  
Kalev Sepp
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Local Conditions

Despite the significant increase in protected territory globally, there is a common understanding that the designation of protected areas alone does not guarantee their effectiveness nor halt the loss of biodiversity. In addition to biodiversity conservation, protected areas are expected to perform a number of other functions, such as provide ecosystem services and improve local socio-economic conditions. Therefore, the need to strive towards mixed, decentralized conservation management and stakeholder involvement is increasingly emphasized. Although there is limited research, it has been noted that protected areas have not served wider objectives effectively enough. The current study provides insight concerning socio-economic effects of different governance and management practices of protected areas based on perceptions of residents and stakeholders of five national parks of Estonia. It was found that conservation status has an important impact on local socio-economic conditions largely depending on governance and management practices, resulting in both, positive and negative effects. It was concluded that the centralization of nature conservation and the abolition of protected area administrations have led to a gradual distancing of nature conservation from local conditions and the population, causing concern about the preservation of the living environment.

scholarly journals Rights of Nature Versus Nature Conservation Rights of Nature Versus Conventional Nature Conservation: International Lessons from Australia’s Tarkine Wilderness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Benjamin Richardson ◽  
Nina Hamaski
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Rights Of Nature ◽  
Conceptual Shift ◽  
Important Research Question

The rights-of-nature model is gaining traction as an innovative legal approach for nature conservation. Although adopted in several countries, it remains in its infancy, including in Australia. An important research question is whether rights of nature will offer superior environmental outcomes compared to traditional nature conservation techniques including creation of protected areas. This article investigates that question through a case study of the Tarkine wilderness, in the Australia state of Tasmania. It first identifies key lessons from existing international experience with affirmation of rights of nature, such as in New Zealand and Ecuador. The article then explores how rights of nature could apply in Australia’s Tarkine region and their value compared to existing or potential protected areas and other nature conservation measures under Australian or Tasmanian law. Affirming rights of nature represents a major conceptual shift in how people via the law relate to the natural world, but whether the model offers practical benefits for nature conservation depends on a variety of conditions, in addition to the need to address broader societal drivers of environmentaldegradation.

scholarly journals Protected area management in a post-natural world: negotiated governance at the Danish Wadden Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cormac Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Large Protected Areas ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractNational parks and other large protected areas play an increasingly important role in the context of global social and environmental challenges. Nevertheless, they continue to be rooted in local places and cannot be separated out from their socio-cultural and historical context. Protected areas furthermore are increasingly understood to constitute critical sites of struggle whereby the very meanings of nature, landscape, and nature-society relations are up for debate. This paper examines governance arrangements and discursive practices pertaining to the management of the Danish Wadden Sea National Park and reflects on the relationship between pluralist institutional structures and pluralist, relational understandings of nature and landscape.

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